Raporo y’uburyo abanyarwanda bagerwaho na serivisi z’imari yerekanye ko ikinyuranyo hagati y’abagabo n’abagore muri izo serivisi cyavuye kuri 4% mu mwaka wa 2016, kikagera kuri 1% mu 2020.
Iyo raporo izwi nka FinScope Survey Rwanda Gender Report 2020 yakozwe na Access to Finance Rwanda ivuga ko mu mwaka wa 2016 abagabo bagerwagaho na serivisi z’imari bari 91% abagore ari 87%, ariko mu 2020 abagabo bageze kuri 93% naho abagore ni 92%.
Ni mu gihe muri rusange abanyarwanda bagerwaho na serivisi z’imari ari 92%, harebwe ku bakorana na banki, ibigo by’imari n’izindi serivisi zose zituma abantu bakoresha amafaranga yabo haba mu kwizigamira cyangwa kubona inguzanyo.
Iyo raporo yashingiye ku mibare yakusanyijwe hagati y’Ukwakira na Ugushyingo 2019, hanabazwa abantu basaga 12.480 hakoreshejwe uburyo butandukanye. Igaragaza uko serivisi z’imari zigera ku banyarwanda bafite imyaka 16 kuzamura, basaga miliyoni 7.1.
Nka serivisi z’imari zitangwa n’ibigo bigenzurwa n’amategeko nka banki, SACCO, ibigo by’imari iciriritse n’iby’ubwishingizi, abagore bazikoresha bavuye kuri 63% mu 2016 bagera kuri 74% mu 2020 mu gihe abagabo ari 81%. Harimo icyuho cya 8%.
Urebye nko kuri banki gusa, abagore 19% nibo babitsamo mu gihe abagabo ari 25. Usanga abagore bakoresha uburyo butagenzurwa n’amategeko nk’ibimina.
Urugero nko mu bigo bitanga serivisi z’imari bigenzurwa n’amategeko (formal) abagabo babikoresha ni 61%, abagore ni 49%. No mu bigo bitari ku rwego rwa banki ariko bigenzurwa n’amategeko abagabo ni benshi (54%) mu gihe abagore ari 44%.
Ibintu bihinduka iyo bigeze kuri bwa buryo busanzwe abantu bakoresha mu kwizigamira (informal) kuko abagore ari 66% mu gihe abagabo ari 61%. Ku babika mu ngo abagore ni 15% mu gihe abagabo ari 11%, naho mu batazigama abagore ni 15% mu gihe abagabo ari 13%.
Imibare yanerekanye ko hakiri ubusumbane mu buryo abagore n’abagabo bahabwa inguzanyo, kuko abagore bafashe inguzanyo muri banki bari 7% mu gihe abagabo ari 10%. Mu zindi nzego zitari banki abagore ni 15% mu gihe abagabo ari 22%.
Ibijyanye n’ubwishingizi
Mu bijyanye n’ubwishingizi, imibare y’abagore yakomeje kuzamuka aho mu 2016 bari 8%, mu 2020 bageze kuri 15%. Gusa harimo icyuho cya 4% kuko abagabo bafite ubwishingizi bari 19%.
Bimwe mu bituma abagore baza inyuma mu kugerwaho na serivisi z’imari harimo ko n’ubumenyi bazifiteho budahagije kuko ababufite bari 67% mu gihe abagabo ari 73%.
Bibarwa ko nibura abagore miliyoni 1.3 ari bo bafite konti muri banki, mu gihe 54% bingana n’abagore ibihumbi 700 ari bo bafite izanditse mu mazina yabo.
Iyo bigeze mu bakoresha serivisi za mobile money naho usanga harimo ikinyuranyo cya 8% hagati y’abagabo n’abagore. Mu gihe muri rusange mu Rwanda 60% bakoresha mobile money, mu bagore ni 55% mu gihe abagabo ari 62%.
Mu gihe nibura abagore 43% bakoresha konti yabo ya mobile money inshuro imwe mu cyumweru cyangwa nyinshi mu kwezi, mu bagabo ni 53%, bingana n’icyuho cya 10%.
Gusa iyi mibare yarazamutse kuko abagore barenga miliyoni 2 bangana na 62% ubu bafite konti mu kigo gitanga serivisi z’imari cyangwa serivisi za mobile money, mu gihe mu 2016 bari 42%.
Kugeza ubu abagore 38% nta konti bafite haba muri banki cyangwa kuri mobile money. Ni umubare urengeje 4% ku mpuzandengo y’abadakoresha izo serivisi ku rwego rw’igihugu mu byiciro byose.
Nyamara nubwo biteye bityo, nibura abagore miliyoni 1.6 bakiriye cyangwa boherereje amafaranga abantu baba mu Rwanda cyangwa hanze yarwo, mu gihe abagabo bari miliyoni 1.5.
Iyo raporo yanzura ko abagore bagira abantu benshi babagenderaho, ku buryo hakwiye kujyaho gahunda zishyigikira ibikorwa bibyara inyungu by’abagore zikanashishikariza abandi kubitangira, nk’uburyo bwatuma barushaho kugerwaho na serivisi z’imari.
Ikindi ni ukurushaho koroshya ikoranabuhanga rifasha mu kohererezanya amafaranga, nk’uburyo bwatuma rirushaho kwitabirwa.
