Iperereza ryamaze amezi menshi ku byaha bivugwa ko byakozwe n’itsinda ryateguye uburiganya bukomeye mu misoro, ryagaragaje imkoranire y’abacuruzi, abakozi b’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Imisoro n’Amahoro (RRA), abakozi ba BK n’abahuza mu bikorwa by’imari mu gutegura gahunda ikomeye yo kunyereza umusoro ku nyongeragaciro (TVA).
Inyandiko zatanzwe mu rukiko n’Ubushinjacyaha Bukuru (NPPA) zivuga ko iri tsinda ryabonye mu buryo bw’uburiganya Frw 5,606,243,225 zari zatanzwe nka TVA( Taxe sur la Valeur Ajoutée), rikoresheje ibigo 96 byari byahimbye, inyandiko z’impimbano z’amasosiyete, indangamuntu z’abaturage zakoreshejwe batabizi, fagitire z’impimbano, ruswa no guhisha inkomoko y’aho ayo mafaranga yaturutse.
Uru rubanza- ruri kuburanishwa n’Urukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Kicukiro- rukomoka ku kirego cyatanzwe na Rwanda Revenue Authority ku wa 21, Mata, 2026, nyuma y’uko igenzura ry’imbere mu kigo n’iperereza ryakurikiyeho bigaragaje uburyo budasanzwe ibigo byinshi bishya byasabaga gusubizwa TVA kandi bitari bifite ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi bifatika cyangwa bikaba ntabyo byagiraga namba.
Nubwo Ubushinjacyaha ubu buri kurega abantu 38, amakuru Taarifa Rwanda yahawe n’abazi iby’iyi dosiye avuga ko mu ntangiriro ikirego cyaregaga abantu benshi.
Abantu 100 bakekwagaho icyaha barafashwe mu gihe abashinzwe iperereza bakurikiranaga aho amafaranga yarengeye, uko ibigo byandikwaga, itumanaho rya telefoni ryakoreshwaga, inyandiko za banki n’iz’amasosiyete…byose byari bifitanye isano n’iri tsinda rikekwaho ibyaha.
Nyuma yaho, abantu benshi bararekuwe nyuma y’uko Ubushinjacyaha busanze ‘nta bimenyetso bihagije’ bibahuza n’ibyo byaha mu buryo butaziguye.
Abashinzwe iperereza bavuga ko rigikomeje kandi ko hashobora kuboneka ibindi bimenyetso bihamwa abakekwa cyangwa hakagira abandi bakurikiranwa.
Kugeza ubu, abantu 38 bafunzwe by’agateganyo nk’uko urukiko rwabitegetse.
Gusa bamaze kujuririra icyemezo cyo gukomeza gufungwa mu gihe bategereje iburanisha mu mizi, aho biteganyijwe ko Ubushinjacyaha buzatanga inyandiko nyinshi zirimo iz’imari, iza banki, ibimenyetso byo mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga ndetse n’ubuhamya bw’abatangabuhamya urukiko rwazaheraho rubahamya ibyo bubarega.
Nk’uko amategeko abiteganya, abo bose bafatwa nk’abere kugeza igihe urukiko ruzabahamya icyaha.
Ibyagaragajwe mu nyandiko z’Ubushinjacyaha ntibigarukira ku birego byo gusaba gusubizwa TVA mu buryo bw’ibinyoma gusa, ahubwo abashinzwe iperereza bavuga ko iki gikorwa cyateguwe neza kandi cyinjiriye hafi muri buri cyiciro cyose kigira uruhare mu isubizwa rya TVA mu Rwanda.
Ibyo byiciro ni ukwandikisha ibigo, gukora fagitire, gusuzuma imisoro, kwemeza isubizwa rya TVA, kohereza amafaranga muri banki nyuma rero hakazaho ibigize icyaha nyirizina ari byo ‘guhisha inkomoko yayo’.
Nk’uko Ubushinjacyaha bubivuga, ibi byose byatangiriye ku ishyirwaho ry’ibigo by’ubucuruzi bya baringa.
Iperereza ryerekana ko abagize iri tsinda babanje kubona indangamuntu na nimero za telefoni z’abaturage, ba nyirazo batabizi.
Izo ndangamuntu zakoreshejwe mu kwandikisha ibigo muri RDB kugira ngo bigaragare nk’ibyemewe n’amategeko mu gihe ababishinze ba nyabo batashakaga ko bagaragara mu buryo bweruye.
Nyuma yo kwandikisha ibyo bigo, Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko byahawe imashini zitanga fagitire za EBM, zigakoreshwa mu gukora fagitire zitajyanye n’ubucuruzi nyabwo.
Ibyo bigo byaguraga fagitire z’impimbano ku bandi, hanyuma bikazisangira hagati yabyo kugira ngo bigaragaze ko bikorana ubucuruzi ariko mu by’ukuri ntabwo.
Mu nyandiko z’ibaruramari, ibyo bigo byagaragaraga nk’ibyaguze ibicuruzwa byinshi cyane, ariko bikagurisha bike cyane.
Ibyo byatumaga bigaragara nk’aho bifite TVA nyinshi byishyuye kubyo byaguze (input VAT), bityo bikagaragaza ko bifite ububiko bunini butaragurishwa, ari na byo byabihaga urwitwazo rwo gusaba gusubizwa TVA inshuro nyinshi, nyamara nta bucuruzi bufatika byakoze.
Abashinzwe iperereza bavuga ko iri tsinda ryari ryarateguye neza icyakurikiragaho nyuma yo kwemererwa gusubizwa amafaranga.
Mbere yo gufungura konti muri banki, amakuru y’ibigo yabaga yanditse muri RDB yarahindurwaga, hagashyirwaho amazina y’abandi bantu bizewe bo kugenzura no kubikuza ayo mafaranga.
Ibyo byatumaga amakuru agaragara ku byangombwa bya RDB adahuza n’ayatangwaga muri banki igihe konti zafungurwaga.
Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko ubu buryo bwatumaga bigorana cyane kumenya abantu nyakuri bungukiraga kuri ayo mafaranga yasubizwaga.
Ubushinjacyaha bukomeza buvuga ko nyuma yo gushinga ibigo no gufungura konti mu buryo bwa baringa, abagize iri tsinda bashatse abantu bari imbere mu nzego za Leta babibafashamo.
Nk’uko ibirego bibivuga, bamwe mu bakozi bo mu ishami rya RRA rishinzwe gusubiza TVA bemeraga ubusabe bwo kuzisubiza batabanje gukora igenzura rikwiye, mu gihe abandi bakozi bo mu rwego rw’imari bihutishaga kwishyura ayo mafaranga nta kindi babajije.
Hari kandi abakozi ba banki bashinjwa gufasha gufungura konti z’ibigo, kumenyesha abagize iri tsinda igihe amafaranga ya TVA yabaga ageze kuri konti, ndetse rimwe na rimwe bakanafasha mu gufunga izo konti kugira ngo hasibangane ibimenyetso.
Ubushinjacyaha bugaragaza uwitwa Kabasange Denys nk’umuntu uvugwa ko yari ayoboye iri tsinda.
Nk’uko iperereza ribyerekana, hagati y’umwaka wa 2024 n’uwa 2025 uwo muntu yagenzuraga ibigo 32 by’ibihimbano hanyuma, binyuze muri byo, abona mu buryo bw’uburiganya amafaranga ya TVA angana na Frw 3,001,289,148.
Ibigo Taarifa Rwanda yamenye ko byahimbye muri ubwo buryo ni: Lucila DB, Quarry Group, Meru du Tro, Pro Lozrus Ltd, Nel Seat Business Ltd, Magpur Insight Ltd, Cintas Group Ltd, Mathurdas R.G Construction, Ballard Group, Heamar Hardware Ltd, Kamla Solution, Audangwe Energetic Nutrition Ltd, Clan Arriers Ltd, Tech Savvy Company, Vivat Pax Co Ltd, Ferrous Hardware Ltd, Hawa Petroleum Company Ltd, Dover Solution, Bareilly Insight Ltd, Kyritex Trading Ltd, Apexl Solution Ltd, OVA Business Ltd Market, Vitalix Hardware, Calcutta, Cathlent, Great Wallet, Allies, Celtic Innovation, Dice 250 Supplier Ltd, Echo Construction Ltd na Ankur L.O.G Group Ltd.
Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko amafaranga yasubizwaga buri kigo yari hagati ya miliyoni Frw 40.3 na miliyoni Frw 98.5, kandi ko iperereza ryakurikiranye aho buri nyishyu yabanje kunyura kuri konti z’ibigo mbere yo kwegeranywa muri za sosiyete Kabasange Denys agenzura zirimo SUNSUD, URWURI Supply, Marche des Material (MMCS) na KCHC, mu gihe hari andi yahindurwaga amadovize( ahanini ni amadolari ya Amerika,$).
Kimwe mu bintu Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko gifite imbaraga ni ubwinshi bw’ibimenyetso bwakusanyijwe.
Muri byo, harimo ibyemezo bya RDB, impapuro zo gufungura konti muri banki, inyandiko zigaragaza uko amafaranga yinjiraga n’uko yasohokaga, amateka y’uburyo abantu bahererekanyije amafaranga kuri Mobile Money, amakuru y’itumanaho rya telefoni, inyandiko zemejwe na noteri, inyandiko zihindura amakuru y’ibigo, ubuhamya bw’abatangabuhamya, inyandiko z’ibazwa ry’abakekwa n’inyandiko z’amasosiyete zivugwa ko zari impimbano.
Abashinzwe iperereza bavuga kandi ko basanze inyandiko 41 z’inama z’ubuyobozi bw’ibigo zasinywe naba noteri, ndetse bafatira kashe ya noteri yitiriwe Kalisa Fidel, bavuga ko yakoreshejwe mu guhindura amakuru y’uburyo ibigo byabaga ari iby’abantu runaka(ownership).
Ubushinjacyaha bunashingira ku buhamya bwa Micomyiza Innocent, uvuga ko atigeze amenya ko indangamuntu ye yakoreshejwe mu kwandikisha ikigo Lucilla DB Company Ltd.
Hari kandi ubuhamya bwa Umuhire Marlise, Kabatesi Liliane na Tuyiringire Olivier, bavuga uko hari ibigo by’ibihimbano byashingwaga bigakoreshwa mu gusaba isubizwa rya TVA mu buriganya.
Mu birego bifatwa nk’ibikomeye cyane harimo ikivuga ruswa yahawe bamwe mu bakozi ba Leta bashinzwe kurinda umutekano w’imisoro.
Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko hagati y’italiki 01, Mutarama, 2024 na 30, Mata, 2026, Kabasange Denys yahaye Rwakunda Lambert, wari ushinzwe kwemeza ubusabe bwo gusubizwa TVA butarengeje miliyoni Frw 100 muri RRA ruswa yose hamwe ingana na Frw 412,860,000.
Inyandiko z’Ubushinjacyaha zigaragaza neza uko ayo mafaranga yatanzwe.
Harimo miliyoni Frw 73 zoherejwe kuwa 4 Kamena 2025, miliyoni Frw 82.81 zoherejwe kuwa 30 Kamena 2025, miliyoni Frw 20 zoherejwe kuwa 19 Kanama 2025, izindi miliyoni Frw 20 zoherejwe kuwa 2 Ukwakira 2025, miliyoni Frw 25 zoherejwe kuwa 13 Ukwakira 2025, miliyoni Frw 10 zoherejwe kuwa 5 Kanama 2025, hakurikiraho miliyoni Frw 20 zoherejwe kuwa 6 Kanama, izindi miliyoni Frw 20 zoherejwe kuwa 7 Kanama, n’andi mafaranga yoherejwe hakoreshejwe Mobile Money anyujijwe kuri nimero z’abandi bantu.
Hari amafaranga yahawe kandi abandi bakozi ba RRA barimo Mfashingabo Ignace, Uwimana Simon, Ngirabakunzi Valens na Nyirasikubwabo Jacqueline kugira ngo borohereze kwemeza ubusabe, bahindure amakuru y’abasora cyangwa bihutishe kwishyura.
Abakozi batatu ba Bank of Kigali (BK) ari bo Ntakirutimana Egide, Gahuza Benjamin na Umubyeyi Djamira na bo bashinjwa gufasha gufungura konti z’ibigo, gukurikirana igihe amafaranga ya TVA yageraga kuri konti no koroshya ibikorwa by’itsinda rivugwa muri ubwo buriganya.
Uretse uburiganya ubwabwo, Ubushinjacyaha bushinja abagize iri tsinda no guhisha inkomoko yayo mafaranga, ibyo mu Cyongereza bita ‘Money laundering’.
Nk’uko birego bibivuga, amafaranga arenga miliyari Frw 3.001yavanywe muri ubu buriganya yanyujijwe mu bigo bitandukanye mbere yo gushorwa mu mitungo yari igamije guhisha aho yaturutse.
Abashinzwe iperereza bavuga ko yakoreshejwe mu kugura imodoka eshatu zanditswe kuri Kabasange Denys, imodoka 19 zanditswe ku kigo URWURI Supply, imodoka 10 zanditswe kuri SUNSUD, amasambu menshi, inzu y’amagorofa yanditswe ku babyeyi be, kubaka uruganda no gushora imari mu bindi bikorwa by’ubucuruzi.
Ubushinjacyaha bwashyize abaregwa mu byiciro bine: abakekwaho gushinga ibigo by’ibihimbano, abakozi ba RRA bakekwaho koroshya isubizwa rya TVA mu buryo bw’uburiganya, abakozi ba banki bakekwaho gufasha mu bikorwa by’imari bitemewe n’abakekwaho kunyereza inkomoko y’aho amafaranga yavuye.
Mu baregwa harimo abakozi 17 ba Rwanda Revenue Authority, abakozi batatu ba Bank of Kigali(BK) n’abacuruzi benshi bo mu bikorera ku giti cyabo.
Impuguke mu by’amategeko zivuga ko uru rubanza rushobora kuba rumwe mu zizarushaho gukurikiranwa cyane mu Rwanda mu byaha by’ubukungu.
Zibishingira ku bunini bw’uburiganya buruvugwamo, umubare w’abakozi ba Leta baruregwamo n’uko Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko iri tsinda ryagerageje guhisha ibimenyetso ngo bizagore iperereza.
Mu rubanza ruzakurikiraho, urukiko ruzasesengura niba ubusabe bwo gusubizwa TVA baregwa bwari uburiganya koko, runarebe niba Ubushinjacyaha bushobora kugaragaza ko habayeho umugambi uhuriweho n’abakozi ba Leta, ibigo by’imari n’abikorera ku giti cyabo, hakarebwe n’igihe ibyo byose byaba byaramaze bishyirwa ku murongo.
Nibigaragara ko ibyo ubushinjacyaha buregera bifite ishingiro, iyi dosiye izaba ari rumwe mu ngero za vuba aha zikomeye kurusha izindi z’ikoreshwa nabi rya gahunda yo gusubiza TVA yigeze kugezwa mu nkiko z’u Rwanda.
