Raporo yiswe African Integration Report yasohowe n’Ibiro by’Umuyobozi w’Umuryango w’Afurika yunze ubumwe, yerekana ko mu miryango y’ibihugu by’Afurika byishyize hamwe ngo bitezanye imbere, ibigize EAC ari byo byazamuye ubu bufatanye mu ngeri nyinshi ugereranyije n’ahandi.
Ni raporo yakozwe n’Ibiro by’Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’Afurika bishinzwe iterambere n’imikoranire byitwa African Union Commission and the Regional Economic Communities.
Ni ku’ubufatanye kandi bwa za Banki nkuru z’ibihugu.
Yakozwe kandi ku bufatanye bw’abandi bahanga mu ngeri zitandukanye.
Inkingi zibanzweho mu gukora iriya raporo ni:
-Urujya n’uruza hagati y’abantu n’ibintu,
-Guteza imbere abaturage,
– Imikoranire mu bucuruzi,
-Imikorere no guteza imbere urwego rw’imari,
-Guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo byoroshya ubuhahirane,
-Imikoranire mu rwego rwa Politiki hagamijwe guteza imbere umuturage,
-Kurinda ibidukikije no guharanira ko bigirira akamaro abatuye,
-No guha abaturage uburyo bwo kugira uruhare mu bibakorerwa.
Mu rwego rwo koroshya urujya n’uruza mu bihugu by’Afuruka, ibigize EAC n’ibigize ECOWAS biri mu byujuje hafi ibipimo byose byarebeweho.
ECOWAS yagize 100% mu gihe Umuryango w’Afurika y’i Burasirazuba yagize 96%.
Muri EAC ikibazo cyatumye uyu muryango utagera ku 100% ni icyakuruwe n’ibibazo byabaye muri bimwe mu bihugu bigize uyu muryango.
Ikindi ni uko haje no kwaduka COVID-19, bituma n’indi mipaka yari ifunguye imwinshi ifungwa.
Indi miryango y’ibihugu byishyize hamwe mu bice bitandukanye by’Afurika, ho bagize ikibazo cy’uko ibyo bihugu bitashyizeho uburyo bworohereza abantu kuva mu gihugu kimwe bajya mu kindi.
Kubona Visas muri ibyo bihugu byari bigoye kubera amakimbirane ya Politiki ahamaze igihe kirekire.
Byose bifite byibura 64% by’amanota yatanzwe ku byerekeye korohereza urujya n’uruza rw’abantu .
Ku ngingo yo gufasha abaturage bagize imiryango kubana no guhahirana, ECOWAS na EAC naho byitwaye neza.
Ingingo yo gufasha abaturage kwisanga mu muryango runaka,( social integration), muri rusange habayeho kuzamuka mu miryango yose y’ibihugu by’Afurika ariko ibyagendewe nabyo byerekanye ko ECOWAS na EAC ari yo miryango yikoze byinshi muri uru rwego kurusha indi.
Impamvu ibisobanura ni uko mu kwitwara neza mu cyiciro cya mbere twabonye cyo koroshya urujya n’uruza rw’abantu n’ibintu, byafashije n’abantu gushyikirana bituma biyumvanamo.
Abakoze iriya raporo bageze ku byerekeye ubufatanye mu by’ubucuruzi, basanga hejuru aya ECOWAS na EAC, hiyongeraho na COMESA.
Urugero rwo imikoranire kuri iyi ngingo rwageze kuri 75%.
Zimwe mu ngingo zafashije mu gutuma ibi bihugu bigera kuri izi ngingo ni uko ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka bworohejwe, ibiciro kuri za gasutamo bikagabanywa.
Indi mpamvu iri muri izi ni uko ibikorwa remezo byatejwe imbere bigafash abantu mu guhahirana.
Iby’ibikorwa remezo byafashije mu guteza imbere ubuhahirane byahawe 63%.
Hari indi miryango yakoze neza muri bimwe mu byashingiweho hashyirwaho ibipimo byo kureberaho uko imihahirane yagenze, muri yo harimo ECCAS na SADC.
Guhuza ifaranga
Kuri iyi ngingo n’aho EAC na SADC n’indi miryango mito yashoboye kugira ibyo igeraho ariko ikibazo cy’igihari ni uko kugira ngo amasezerano yo guhuza ifaranga mu bihugu byishyize hamwe agerweho byananiranye mu rugero rugaragara.
Ni umwanzuro uri mu masezerano yiswe aya Abuja(Abuja Treaty).
Icyatumye ECOWAS na EAC bigira amanota meza muri uru rwego ni uko byo byibura byashyizeho inzego zo kwiga uko byazakorwa.
ECOWAS ifite iktwa West African Monetary and Economic Union (WAEMU) n’aho EAC ifite Central
African Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC). Ibi kandi byashobotse kubera umuryango uhuza za Guverinoma witwa IGAD.
Ibi nta handi biba mu miryango yagenzuwe.
Kwishyira hamwe mu rwego rwo kurengera ibidukikije.
Kubera ko uru rwego rukiri rushya, hari ibipimo bigorana gukorwa.
Icyakora mu byakozwe kandi byagenzuwe mu rwego rwo kureba imikoranire mu byo kurengera ibidukikije, harimo kureba niba ibihugu runaka byarashyizeho inzego zo kurengera ibidukikije kandi zikora.
Mu Rwanda twatanga urugero rwa REMA.
Imikoranire mu rwego rw’imari…
Uru rwego rusuzumwa iyo harebwe niba za Leta zarashyizeho politiki ziboneye zifasha mu guhuza ifaranga hagamijwe koroshya ubuhahirane. Ikindi kirebwa ni ukureba niba hari ibigo cyangwa inzego zashyizweho ngo zikurikirane ibya politiki yo guhuza ifaranga.
Ubusanzwe imikoranire y’ibihugu mu rwego rw’imari ikunda guhura n’imbogamizi zirimo iy’uko ibihugu bitanganye ubukungu bityo n’agaciro k’ifaranga ntikabe kamwe.
Ku rundi ruhande, iyo ibihugu bigize uburyo bwo gushyiraho ifaranga rimwe, bifasha ababituye kutavunjisha uko bavuye mu gihugu kimwe bajya mu kindi.
Kwihuza mu rwego rwa politiki n’inzego zayo…
Muri gahunda zo kwihuza, intambwe ya nyumaabakoze iriya raporo bavuga ni iyo guhuza inzego za politiki zigize ibihugu bihuriye mu muryango umwe.
Impamvu uru rwego rukunze kuza inyuma ni uko kugira ngo rukore neza bisaba ko igihugu kigomwa bimwe mu bigize ubusugire bwacyo kikabisangiza ibindi kugira ngo ukwishyira hamwe muri uru rwego gushoboke.
N’ubwo ari uko bimeze, ECOWAS na EAC byakoze uko bishoboye bishyiraho inzego zizafasha kwiga uko ibi byakorwa nta gihugu gisigaranye ingingimira ku mutima.
Muri make ibi ni bimwe mu bikubiye muri raporo yasohowe y’Afurika yunze ubumwe bivuga k’ukwihuza kw’ibihugu bihuriye mu miryango itandukanye y’Afurika.
Ni raporo igizwe na paji 139 zivuga mu buryo burambuye uko kwihuza kw’ibihugu guhagaze muri iki gihe.
