Mu ntangiriro y’uyu mwaka( 2026) igiciro fatizo cy’ikawa mu Rwanda cyazamutse ku buryo bugaragara.
Ibi rero bituma abahinzi bayo bishimira umusaruro wabo kurushaho, ndetse bikagaragaza intambwe nziza igihugu kimaze gutera mu rwego rwo guteza imbere uruhererekane rw’agaciro kayo.
Iri zamuka rishingiye ku mpamvu zitandukanye zifitanye isano n’isoko mpuzamahanga, imiyoborere y’ubukungu, n’ingamba u Rwanda rwafashe mu rwego rwo kuzamura umusaruro w’ikawa no kuwushakira amasoko.
Icya mbere, izamuka ry’igiciro cy’ikawa ku isoko mpuzamahanga ryagize uruhare runini muri iri zamuka.
Mu myaka ishize, umusaruro w’ikawa ku rwego rw’isi wagizweho ingaruka n’impinduka z’ikirere, indwara zafashe ikawa mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe biyeza ku bwinshi nka Ethiopia na Brazil, ndetse n’izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ibikoresho byifashishwa mu buhinzi bwayo.
Ibi byatumye ikawa ibura ku masoko amwe n’amwe, bituma igiciro cyayo kiyongera.
Nk’igihugu gitunganya ikanohereza ikawa mu mahanga, u Rwanda rwungukiye kuri iri zamuka ry’igiciro ku rwego mpuzamahanga.
Icya kabiri, agaciro k’ivunjisha k’ifaranga ry’u Rwanda ugereranyije n’idorari rya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika (USD) na ryo ryabigizemo uruhare rukomeye.
Kubera ko ikawa igurishwa ahanini mu madolari, impinduka mu ivunjisha zatuma amafaranga ayivamo agirira abayihinga akamaro kuko bayabona mu gaciro ko hejuru.
Ibi byafashije kongera ubushobozi bwo gushyiraho igiciro fatizo gishimishije ku bahinzi, bigatuma umusaruro wabo uhabwa agaciro kurushaho.
Icya gatatu, kwaguka kw’amasoko y’ikawa y’u Rwanda ku rwego mpuzamahanga kwabaye indi mpamvu y’ingenzi.
Mu myaka ishize, u Rwanda rwashyize imbaraga nyinshi mu kwamamaza ikawa yarwo binyuze mu imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga, amarushanwa y’ubwiza bw’ikawa (coffee cupping competitions), ndetse n’ubufatanye n’abaguzi bakomeye ku isi.
Byatumye ikawa yarwo imenyekana nk’ikawa ifite ubuziranenge bwo hejuru, ifite umwimerere wihariye, bityo abayigura bariyongera.
Kwiyongera kw’abaguzi byazamuye isoko, bigira n’ingaruka nziza ku giciro cyayo.
Icya kane kandi cy’ingenzi, ni uburyo ikawa y’u Rwanda ikomeje gutunganywa neza hagamijwe kuyongerera ubwiza n’agaciro.
Kuri ubu, hafi 80% by’ikawa y’u Rwanda, itunganywa mu nganda ziyitunganya neza ikagera ku ikawa izwi cyane ku isoko mpuzamahanga kubera ubwiza bwayo.
Byongeye kandi, u Rwanda rwakiriye kandi ruteza imbere ubundi buryo bushya bwo gutunganya ikawa, burimo ubwo bita “Natural”, “Anaerobic” na “Honey” bukundwa cyane ku masoko yo hanze kandi bugurwa ku giciro kiri hejuru.
Nubwo ubu buryo bugera gusa kuri 5% by’ikawa yose u Rwanda rwohereza mu mahanga, bwatangiye gutanga umusanzu mu kongera agaciro k’ikawa y’u Rwanda no kuzamura igiciro cyayo muri rusange.
Hanyuma, indi mpamvu y’izamuka ry’igiciro fatizo cy’ikawa mu mwaka wa 2026 nk’uko abahanga mu kigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe kohereza hanze ibikomoka ku buhinzi n’ubworozi, NAEB, ni umusaruro w’ingamba zifatika zafashwe mu nzego nyinshi zirimo isoko mpuzamahanga ryifashe neza, imiyoborere y’ubukungu irimo kwamamaza ikawa ku rwego rwo hejuru, ndetse no kuyitunganya mu buryo bugezweho.
Ibi byose byerekana ko ikawa ikomeje kuba inkingi ikomeye y’ubukungu bw’u Rwanda, kandi ko mu gihe izi ngamba zakomeza, abahinzi b’ikawa n’igihugu muri rusange bazakomeza kungukira kuri uru rugendo rw’iterambere.
