Mu gihe cy’iminsi 15, Ikigo cy’igihugu kibungabunga ibidukikije, REMA, kimaze gusuzuma ubuziranenge bw’ibyuka biva mu binyabiziga 1000 kandi uwo murimo urakomeje.
Intego ni ugukangurira abantu gusuzimisha niba moteri z’ibinyabiziga byabo zisohora ibyuka bitarimo ibinyabutabire bihumanya ikirere.
Ibyo byuka, nk’uko babyita, birimo Monoxyde de Carbone (CO), Hydrocarbone (HC), Nitrogen oxides (NOₓ) n’ibyitwa ‘particulate matters (PM2.5) ari nabyo ahinini biba biganje.
Kubipima kandi bifasha ubuyobozi bwa REMA kumenya ubwoko n’ingano yabyo hashingiwe kubyo buri kinyabiziga gisohora, bigapimwa ku bipimo bya siyansi.
Uhagarariye ubu buryo bwo kubipima witwa Mbonigana niwe wabwiye itangazamakuru ko mu gihe gito gishize batangiye iyi gahunda, bapimye ibinyabiziga 1,000.
Ati: “Kuva gahunda ya REMA yo gupima imyotsi y’ibinyabiziga yatangira, tumaze gupima ibinyabiziga birenga 1000. Bikaba iby’abaturage baciye mu nzira ziri zo banyuze ku irembo barishyura. Ariko hari ibyo twapimye mbere tugira ngo turebe tunakangurire abantu kuzitabira iyi gahunda, icyo gihe nabyo twapimye ibirarenga 7000.”
Mu Rwanda hose kugeza ubu hari ahantu hapimirwa ibinyabiziga biri hagati ya 150 na 200 ku munsi.
Mu gupima, basanze ibitarengeje imyaka 10 bisohotse, biba byujuje ubuziranenge ugereranyije n’ibyakozwe mbere y’icyo gihe.
Umukozi wa REMA ushinzwe ubugenzuzi bw’ubwiza bw’umwuka, Pierre Célestin Hakizimana, avuga ko iyi gahunda yashyizweho hagamijwe kuvugurura uburyo bwari busanzwe bukoreshwa, hongerwa ubushobozi bw’ibikoresho, hanashyirwaho abapima bafite ubumenyi bwo hejuru.
Ni ubumenyi mu gupima imyotsi iva mu binyabiziga.
Ati: “Iyo dupima hari ibikoresho dukoresha birimo imashini zikoranye ikoranabuhanga n’ubwenge buhangano(AI). Tuba dukeneye gufata umwotsi uvuye mu mpombo y’umwotsi y’ikinyabiziga tukabigeraho dukoresheje agahombo gafata ibipimo, ni ko twinjiza mu kinyabiziga.”
Mu kubikora rero, rimwe bakoresha gupima imodoka yaka ariko itagenda, ubundi igapimwa yaka ariko isa nkaho yirukanka.
Muri ubwo buryo bwombi hakoreshwa imashini zifite umwihariko ugendanye iko imodoka zikoze mu ikoranabuhanga rinyuranye.
Mu Rwanda ikirere cyanduye cyane kiri mu Mujyi wa Kigali cyanecyane ko ari ho iwabo w’ibinyabiziga byinshi n’inganda n’abantu benshi kandi bakoresha ingufu z’ibinyabutabire runaka ngo bateke, bacane mu ngo cyangwa bakore indi mirimo.
Ibinyabiziga nibyo byanduza iki kirere kurusha ubundi buryo bwose cyakwanduramo kuko bisohora umwuka urimo utuvungukira twinship twa PM2.5 tuva mu binyabiziga bikoresha moteri kandi tugirira nabi ibinyabuzima bihumeka ku isonga kahaza umuntu.
Imibare igaragaza ko mu Rwanda, moto zihariye 47% mu binyabiziga bisohora imyuka ihumanya ikirere, ari nabyo byatumye hatangira gushyirwaho ingamba zo gushishikariza abantu gukoresha moto zidakoresha lisansi, ahubwo izikoresha amashanyarazi.
Iteka rya Minisitiri w’Ibidukikije ryo ku wa 25 Kanama 2025, riteganya ko igikoresho cy’ubwikorezi gikoreshwa na moteri kigenewe gutwara abagenzi muri rusange; igikoresho cy’ubwikorezi gikoreshwa na moteri kigenewe kwikorera imizigo; ibinyabiziga byigishirizwaho gutwara; igikoresho cy’ubwikorezi gikoreshwa na moteri kigenewe gukoreshwa imirimo y’ubucuruzi; ibinyabiziga bikoreshwa mu butabazi; bisi zitwara abanyeshuri; ibikoresho by’ubwikorezi bikoreshwa na moteri zikoresha ibikomoka kuri peteroli byagenewe gukoreshwa mu bwubatsi, mu buhinzi, no mu bindi bikorwa nk’ibyo ndetse n’imbangukiragutabara, bizahabwa icyemezo kimara amezi atandatu mu gihe ibindi bizajya bihabwa ikimara umwaka.
Iri teka riteganya ibihano byo mu rwego rw’ubutegetsi birimo ihazabu kuri buri kosa.
Ingingo ya 24 ivuga ko uretse umuyobozi w’igikoresho cy’ubwikorezi gikoreshwa na moteri, “umuntu utubahiriza amabwiriza yerekeye imyuka ihumanya yoherezwa mu kirere aba akoze ikosa kandi ahanishwa ihazabu ya Frw 3,000,000.
Ni mu gihe nyir’igikoresho cy’ubwikorezi gikoreshwa na moteri utubahiriza amabwiriza yerekeye isohorwa ry’imyuka ihumanya ikirere, aba akoze ikosa kandi ahanishwa ihazabu ya Frw 25,000.
Umuntu ukora, nta ruhushya, igikorwa gihumanya ikirere kitubahirije amabwiriza y’ubuziranenge agenga ubwiza bw’umwuka aba akoze ikosa, kandi ahanishwa ihazabu ya Frw 3,000,000.
Ni mu gihe umuntu utubahiriza amabwiriza yerekeye kubungabunga ubwiza bw’umwuka no gukumira ihumanywa ry’ikirere aba akoze ikosa, agahanishwa ihazabu ya Frw 2,000,000.
Igihano kiremereye kirimo ni ikigenewe ‘umuntu utubahiriza amabwiriza yo guhagarika ibikorwa bihumanya ikirere aba akoze ikosa, kandi ahanishwa ihazabu ya Frw 5,000,000.’
Ni mu gihe umuntu utubahiriza amabwiriza yo gukumira imyuka ihumanya yoherezwa mu kirere mu buryo bwihutirwa aba akoze ikosa, kandi ahanishwa ihazabu ya Frw 3,000,000.
Naho umuntu utamenyekanisha ko yohereje imyuka ihumanya ikirere atabigambiriye cyangwa bidaturutse ku bushake mu gihe giteganywa n’amategeko, aba akoze ikosa. Uyu ahanishwa ihazabu ya Frw 1,000,000.
