Mu bushakashatsi bwiswe “Inzitizi Zihishe: Uko Abaturage Babona Cyangwa Bahura n’Ingaruka za Ruswa mu Rwego rw’Uburezi Ibangamira Kugera ku Burezi n’Ubutabera ku Bagore, Abakobwa n’andi Matsinda Ashobora Kuhezwa,” abanyeshuri n’abarimu bagize uruhare muri ubwo bushakashatsi bagaragaje ko urwego rwa ruswa mu mashuri yisumbuye ruri hasi ugereranyije mu byiciro by’ingenzi by’itangwa rya serivisi.

Icyakora irahari nk’uko imibare ikurikiraho iri bubyerekane.

Ingero zabyo ni uko gushyirwa abanyeshuri mu mashuri (hafi ya 8%), kubona amanota yongerewe mu buryo butemewe (hafi ya 5%), kugaburira abanyeshuri ku ishuri (hafi ya 5%), no guhindura amasomo (hafi ya 5%).

Nubwo hari ingamba zikomeye zafashwe zirimo n’ishoramari rya NESA mu ikoreshwa rya sisitemu z’ikoranabuhanga mu gushyira mu myanya abanyeshuri barangije amashuri abanza n’icyiciro rusange cy’ayisumbuye, izo nzira ziracyafite ibyuho bya ruswa, cyane cyane mu cyiciro cyo kwakira no gukemura ibibazo by’abanyeshuri binubira ibigo cyangwa amasomo bahawe.

Ubuhamya bw’abitabiriye ubwo bushakashatsi bwakozwe na Transparency International Rwanda burabyerekana.

Reka duhere ku mwarimu.

Umwe mu barimu yagize ati: “Nshobora guhamya ko hari igihe kinini abanyeshuri cyangwa ababyeyi babo basabwa gutanga ruswa kugira ngo bemererwe kwinjira mu mashuri runaka cyangwa guhabwa amasomo (combinations) bifuza kwiga mu mashuri yisumbuye yo mu cyiciro cya kabiri (A-Level).”

Atanga urugero avuga ko kuba bafite Amashuri Nderabarezi (TTC) make kandi Leta yarashyiriyeho inkunga y’amafaranga y’ishuri ku banyeshuri bayigamo, bituma abanyeshuri basabwa gutanga ruswa kugira ngo bemererwe kuyinjiramo.

Abayobozi b’amashuri kandi bakora k’uburyo bagumana imyanya mike yo kuzaha umuntu uzemera kugira icyo abaha.

Mu bushakashatsi bwa Transparency International Rwanda basanze ibyiciro bigerwaho n’akaga gakomeye ka ruswa ari abagore n’abakobwa.

Abanyeshuri baturuka mu miryango ikennye batabasha gutanga ruswa baba bari mu gihombo, kandi abaka ruswa bajya bayisaba n’abantu bafite ubumuga.

Ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi byerekana ko abagore (7.8%), abo mu miryango ikennye (8.6%), abantu bafite ubumuga (9.2%), abanyeshuri bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe (46.1%), n’abanyeshuri bafite indwara zituma bavangurwa, urugero nk’ufite umutwe ufite ubunini budasanzwe (10.2%) ari bo bakunze gusabwa cyangwa gutanga ruswa kugira ngo bashyirwe mu mashuri, ugereranyije n’abandi.

Abanyeshuri bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe bakunze guhura n’ivangura rishingiye ku myumvire mibi n’akato kava ku bayobozi b’amashuri no mu muryango nyarwanda muri rusange.

Ibi bituma habaho inzitizi mu kwinjira mu mashuri, bigatuma imiryango yumva ko gutanga ruswa ari bwo buryo bwonyine bwo kubona ishuri ry’umwana.

Ibitekerezo byatanzwe n’abahohotewe n’ababibonye bigaragaza ko abarimu bakoresha nabi ububasha bwabo bagasaba imibonano mpuzabitsina mu rwego rwo gutanga amanota, kwemerera abanyeshuri gukora ibizamini, cyangwa kubemerera gukomeza amasomo, bakimuka.

Bamwe muri abo barimu baba bafite imyanya y’ubuyobozi, bigatuma gutanga ikirego bikozwe n’uwahohotewe bigorana.

Abagore n’abakobwa bakunze guhura n’igitutu gihoraho kijyanye n’imibonano mpuzabitsina cyangwa irindi terabwoba.

Bahohoterwa kandi no mu gihe bashaka kwimenyereza umwuga.

Iyo banze gukora ibyo basanzwe, hari uburyo bahanwamo bugamije kubababaza.

Umwe mu banyeshuri( wahinduriwe amazina) , akaba yaranatewe inda akiri umwangavu wo mu Karere ka Kamonyi, yagize ati: “Natwise inda mu gihe cya COVID-19 ubwo amashuri yari afunze. Nyuma yo kubyara, nasubiye ku ishuri nubwo ababyeyi banjye batabyumvaga neza. Papa wanjye aracyabyicuza, avuga ko arimo kwishyurira amashuri umubyeyi wabuze agaciro.”

Aho yiga, ahahurira n’ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina rikorwa n’abarimu.

Umwe mu barimu ahora amutera ubwoba kuko yamwimye.

Ndetse ngo iyo akererewe kuko aba yabanje kwita ku mwana, abarimu barabimucyurira.

Umubyeyi waganirije Transparency International Rwanda yavuze ko azi

umwana w’umukobwa w’impfubyi w’intyoza mu ishuri, ariko umwarimu yasibije umwaka kuko yanze kumwemerera imibonano mpuzabitsina.

Uwo mubyeyi avuga ko ubwo yabibonaga, yahisemo kwimura uwo mwanae amuhungisha ko yazahura n’akaga, amujyana kwiga i Musanze.

Ati: “Muri iri shuri nishyura Frw 155,000 ku gihembwe, mu gihe aho twavuye i Nyanza nishyuraga Frw 89,000 gusa. Ibyo nabikoze kuko umukobwa wanjye yambwiye ko uwo mwarimu yari yaratangiye kumusaba imibonano mpuzabitsina ngo amuhe amanota.”

Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko ivangura rishingiye ku gitsina ryimakajwe, umuco wo guceceka ku ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina biba uko, ndetse ko intege nke mu gushyira mu bikorwa amategeko, biri mu bigira ingaruka zifatika ku myigire.

Iyo ibyo bibazo bidakemuwe, ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina risubiza inyuma intambwe imaze guterwa mu kongerera abakobwa amahirwe yo kugera ku burezi.

Ikindi ni uko ububasha n’ubwisanzure bukabije bihabwa abarimu ba Kaminuza bishobora gutuma habaho ibikorwa bya ruswa.

Urugero, umunyeshuri witwa Sonia (izina ryahinduwe) yavuze ko umwarimu yamuhatiraga gukorana nawe imibonano mpuzabitsina kugira ngo amuhe amanota.

Nubwo yabanje kubwirwa ko yatsinze, amaze kwanga ibyo yasabwaga, yasanze yaratsinzwe kandi ahatirwa gusubiramo isomo.

Sonia yasobanuye ko uwo mwarimu yakomeje kumutsindisha inshuro nyinshi, bituma atinda kurangiza Kaminuza kandi bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bwe bwo mu mutwe.

Undi munyeshuri witwa Claudette na we yatanze ubuhamya nk’ubwo.

Yahamagawe mu biro by’umwarimu bamubwira ko bagiye kuganira ku myigire ye, ariko uwo mwarimu ahita atangira kumusaba imibonano mpuzabitsina.

Yumvaga aheze mu gihirahiro kuko ejo hazaza he mu masomo hari mu biganza by’uwo muntu wamuhohoteraga.

Nyuma yo guhohoterwa kenshi no gutsindwa mu masomo, Claudette yaje gucika muri kaminuza kubera ihungabana rikomeye.

Dr Bruce Gashema ushinzwe ubushakashatsi muri Transparency International Rwanda avuga ko n’ubwo u Rwanda rufite amategeko akoze neza yo gukumira no kurwanya ruswa ariko adakurikizwa uko ari.

Asanga kandi nta buryo bwo kureba niba ibintu byakozwe byaratanze umusaruro, ibyo bikaba ikibazo kuko amategeko yanditse neza ariko ntakurikizwe burya ntacyo aba amaze.

Ati: “Amategeko yacu akoze neza rwose ndetse turusha n’ahandi henshi. Icyakora ni ngombwa ko akurikizwa neza mu rwego rwo kurinda ko abanyantege nke babigenderamo.”

Ubusanzwe Leta y’u Rwanda yashyizeho ingamba zihamye zo kurinda ruswa ngo itaba icyorezo, gusa ushingiye k’ubushakashatsi bw’abakora mu by’uburenganzira bwa muntu ubona ko ruswa ikiri ikibazo.

Ruswa ivugwa mu burezi ikoma mu nkokora gahunda y’uburezi kuri bose.