Ibiciro ku isoko mu Rwanda bikomeje gutumbagira, ndetse byitezwe ko bizakomeza bitewe n’ingaruka intambara u Burusiya bwashoje kuri Ukraine ishobora kugira ku bucuruzi mpuzamahanga.

Minisitiri w’Ubucuruzi n’inganda Béata Habyarimana yavugiye kuri televiziyo y’igihugu ko mu igenzura bakoze basanze nibura nk’isukari, umufuka w’ibilo 50 warangurwaga 51,000 Frw ugeze ku 63,000 Frw, bingana n’izamuka rya 23%.

Ni mu gihe nk’amavuta yo guteka ya litiro 20 yarangurwaga 40,000 Frw yageze ku 49,000 Frw bingana n’izamuka rya 20%, naho amasabune ava mu byasigaye ku mavuta, ikarito yavuye ku 8100 Frw agera ku 9300 Frw, bingana n’izamuka rya 14%.

Gusa ngo ntaho bihuriye n’intambara y’u Burusiya na Ukraine, kubera ko ibicuruzwa u Rwanda ruvanayo si byinshi.

Kugeza ubu u Rwanda rushobora kwikorera 10 by’isukari rukeneye, bivuze ngo 90% itumizwa mu bihugu bya Afurika nka Zambia, Malawi, Swaziland n’ibindi. Amavuta ashobora gukorerwa mu Rwanda ni 37% by’akenewe yose, andi agatumizwa mu Misiri no mu bihugu bya Aziya nka Malaysia, akagera mu Rwanda akoresheje inyanja.

Ingaruka z’intambara ku bwikorezi

Minisitiri Habyarimana yavuze ko kuva mu myaka ibiri ishize ibiciro by’ubwikorezi mu nyanja byazamutse cyane, ku buryo ubwato bwashoboraga guturuka muri Aziya buje inaha bwashoboraga kwishyuza $3500, ubu ni hafi $9500 cyangwa $10,000.

Minisitiri w’Ibikorwa remezo, Dr Nsabimana Ernest, yabihuje n’uko ibihugu byinshi bimaze gufungura ibikorwa byinshi ugereranyije n’uko byari bimeze mu 2020 henshi abantu bari muri Guma mu Rugo.

Nyamara ngo “byagaragaye ko ibikomoka kuri peteroli bikenewe bidahura n’ibiri kuboneka ku isoko.”

Mu gihe hakiri icyo kibazo, hahise hiyongeramo intambara y’u Burusiya na Ukraine biri mu bicukura peteroli nyinshi na gaz.

U Burusiya buza mu bihugu bitatu bya mbere ku isi bicukura peteroli nyinshi hamwe na Leta zunze Ubumwe za Amerika na Saudi Arabia.

Nubwo u Rwanda ruvuga ko peteroli nyinshi rukoresha ituruka mu kigobe cya Perisi, mu gihe iy’Abarusiya yaba itacurujwe bijyanye n’ibihano mpuzamahanga bwafatiwe, byanze bikunze ingaruka zizagaragara.

Gusa Dr. Nsabimana yavuze ko ingaruka zabyo zitahita zigera ku mu Rwanda, kubera ko mazutu cyangwa lisansi rukoresha, iyo bimaze gutumizwa bimara mu nyanja hafi amezi abiri.

Ati “Ni ukuvuga ko nubundi lisansi cyangwa mazutu twari dufite cyangwa byari byaraguzwe, urwo rugendo rw’amezi abiri ngira ngo byari byarangeze za Dar es Salaam cyangwa za Mombasa birimo biza.”

Nyuma y’aya mezi abiri ariko ingaruka mu Rwanda zizagaragara, kuko ubwo intambara yatangiraga muri Ukraine, nyuma y’iminsi itanu gusa toni ya mazutu yagurwaga $780 yari imaze kwiyongeraho $70 igera $850. Lisansi yo yiyongereyeho $80.

Dr. Nsabimana ati “Hari itsinda rihuriweho na Minisiteri eshatu, Minisiteri y’Ibikorwa remezo, Minisiteri y’Ubucuruzi na Minisiteri y’Imari, rikora kuva mu gitondo kugera nimugoroba, uko ibintu bigenda bihindagurika ku isoko mpuzamahanga, ibiciro byazamutse gute cyane cyane by’ibikomoka kuri peteroli, kugira ngo na leta irebe izindi ngamba ifata nk’izo zirimo gutanga inyunganizi.”

Yavuze ko nko kuva muri Werurwe 2021 Leta y’u Rwanda imaze kwigomwa amahoro hafi miliyari 15 Frw, nk’inyunganizi yakomeje gutuma igiciro kitazamuka cyane ngo kigire ingaruka zikomeye ku muturage.

Ingamba zafashwe ngo zatumye nibura mu mezi abiri ashize igiciro cya mazutu kizamukaho 61 Frw aho kuba 121 Frw, icya lisasi kizamukaho 31 Frw aho kuba 64 Frw.

Ingaruka ku biribwa

Minisitiri Habyarimana yavuze ko izindi mpungenge zihari ari uko u Burusiya buza ku mwanya wa mbere ku isi mu gucuruza ingano, Ukraine ikaza ku mwanya wa gatanu.

Igereranya rivuga ko ibyo bihugu byiharira nibura 28.9% by’umusaruro w’ingano w’Isi yose. Ni ukuvuga ko iriya ntambara izateza ikibazo cy’ifarini ku isi, ndetse hamwe ibiciro by’ingano bimaze kuzamukaho 55%.

Habyarimana ati “Bivuga ngo hari ibihugu bitandukaye bizagira ingaruka ku bijyanye n’ingano, ariko nkavuga nti ku rundi ruhande hari izindi ngaruka zishobora kuzaza zijyaye na peteroli, hari ibijyanye no kwishyura ubu babafungiye SWIFT, babafungira Visa, babafungira MasterCard, ushatse no kubibona ngo ubigure ku mwero, ubu ntiwabona uko ubyishyura.”

“Izo ni inkurikizi zindi, ariko ntabwo twe duhezwa cyangwa duheranwa ahongaho. Hari ingano twajyaga tuvana hirya no hino ariko hari n’ifu y’ingano tuvana muri Turikiya, yo nta kibazo ifite, ugasanga ni igisubizo kimwe gishobora kuboneka.”

Ikindi kibazo ni uko amavuta yo guteka ashobora kubura.

Imibare mpuzamahanga igaragaza ko u Burusiya na Ukraine byiharira 60% by’umusaruro w’ibihwagari ku isi yose, ku buryo Banki y’Isi ivuga ko iyi ntambara izaba ikibazo gikomeye ku bukungu bw’isi.

Gusa Minisitiri Habyarimana yavuze ko mu byumweru bibiri bishize hari inganda zo mu Rwanda zoroherejwe kuvana amamesa muri Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya Congo, ari nayo atunganywa akavamo amavuta y’ubuto akoreshwa.

Yakomeje ati “Ibyo ni ibisubizo biza bisubiza hahandi baranguraga batabonaga.”

Yavuze ko Leta yafashe ibyemezo byoroshya ubucuruzi, kunganira abahinzi ngo babashe kongera umusaruro no kunganira abakoresha ibikomoka kuri peteroli, kugira ngo ibiciro bidatumbagira cyane.

Aba bayobozi bavuga ko abantu bakwiye guhumura kuko muri aya mezi abiri ibiciro by’ibikomoka kuri peteroli bitazahinduka.

Ariko hari ibyo leta y’u Rwanda itabasha kugenzura nk’ihinduka ry’igiciro ku isoko mpuzamahanga nk’ibya peteroli kuko idacukurwa mu gihugu, kimwe n’ibindi bicuruzwa bitumizwa hanze.

Kugura ibicuruzwa mu Burusiya kandi mu minsi mike bizaba bidashoboka, nyuma  y’uko ibigo bya Visa na Mastercard byemeje ko bizafunga imikoranire na banki zo mu Burusiya nyuma yo ku wa 9 Werurwe.

Bivuze ko amakarita izo banki zatanze atazongera gukora mu mahanga, azaba yemewe imbere mu gihugu gusa kugeza ataye agaciro zahawe.

Hagati aho banki zo mu Burusiya zatangiye gutekereza uburyo zakorana n’ikigo cyo mu Bushinwa gitanga uburyo mpuzamahanga bwo kwishyurana, UnionPay.