Nelson Mandela yigeze kuvuga ko kugira ngo Afurika y’Epfo n’ahandi hose ku isi bagire ubwigenge n’amahoro birambye ari ngombwa ko umugore abaho nta kimutsikamiye ngo kimubuze gutekerereza urugo rwe neza no kuzamura igihugu.
Mu gihe Isi izirikana umunsi mpuzamahanga wahariwe umugore w’Umunyafurika ni ngombwa kuzirikana amagambo ya Mandela.
Nelson Mandela yemezaga adashidikanya ko amajyambere arambye ari ashingiye ku bwisanzure bw’umugore mubyo akora, akagira uburyo n’uburenganzira byo gufatira urugo ibyemezo biruteza imbere, umwana w’umukobwa akiga, mbese abagize urugo bose buri wese akisanzura mu nshingano ze.
Yagize ati: “ Ubwigenge busesuye ntibushoboka abagore batarinzwe ibibatsikamira byose…Ibyo duharanira byose bigomba kuba biha umugore ubwisanzure, umugabo nawe akubahwa, umwana akitabwaho uko bikwiye.”
Bisa n’aho Mandela yibutsaga ko buri wese mu bagize umuryango akwiye kubahirwa inshingano afite kandi ntafatwe n’ufite agaciro gake mu maso y’abandi.
N’ubwo igitekerezo cya Nelson Mandela ari kiza, ku rundi ruhande hari abataragiha agaciro mu rugero rwuzuye.
Abagore baracyahohoterwa ndetse aha mbere bahohoterwa kurusha ahandi ku isi ni mu gihugu Mandela akomokamo ari cyo Afurika y’Epfo.
Hari amakuru aherutse gutangazwa avuga ko buri minota 12, umukobwa cyangwa umugore aba akorewe ihohoterwa rifite aho rihuriye n’igitsina.
Mu Rwanda naho si shyashya!
Urwego rw’igihugu rw’Ubugenzacyaha, RIB, ruvuga ko kimwe mu byaha ruhura nabyo mu kazi karwo hakunze kugaragaramo ibifitanye isano n’ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina.
Umuyobozi muri uru rwego witwa Murebwayire Shafiga aherutse gutangaza ko ibyaha by’ihohoterwa rikorerwa abakobwa byiyongera buri mwaka.
According to @RIB_Rw,data indicates that GBV incidents have been on the rise however, there has been an increasing trend in reporting. Division Manager of the #GBV Crime Division, @RIB_Rw Ms Murebwayire Shafiga presents the state of violence against women. #EndNegativeSocialNorms pic.twitter.com/zLBr8RR07a
— UN Women Rwanda (@unwomenrwanda) July 28, 2022
Mu rwego rwo guhangana n’iki kibazo, Umuryango w’Afurika yunze ubumwe, AU, washyizeho ishami rishinzwe rishinzwe kurengera inyungu z’abagore witwa
The Pan-African Women’s Organization (PAWO). Ukorera mu bihugu byose by’Afurika.
Ikicaro gikuru cyawo kuba Pretoria muri Afurika y’Epfo.
Umuryango wabanjirije uyu ni uwashinzwe muri Nyakanga, 1962.
Wiswe ‘Union of African Women’.
Mu mwaka wa 1974 nibwo wahinduriwe izina witwa Pan-African Women’s Organization, PAWO.
Abagore bawugize bihaye inshingano zo guhanira ko ibihugu byabo byigobotora burundu ingaruka z’ubukoloni, ivangura rya Apartheid banaharanira ko abagore bahabwa imyanya ahafatirwa ibyemezo bya Politiki.
Umunsi mpuzamahanga w’umugore w’Umunyafurika wo wemerejwe i Dar s Salaam muri Tanzania.
Hari muri Nyakanga, 1962.
N’ubwo abagore bagira ibibazo bitandukanye bishingiye ku rushako, ku rubyaro, ku bakoresha babo, ibishingiye ku bibazo bya Politiki nk’intambara n’ibindi, hari ubushakashatsi buherutse kwerekana ko umugore w’Umunyafurika kandi utuye mu cyaro we yugarijwe n’ingaruka ziterwa n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere.
Imihindagurikire y’ikirere isobanurwa nk’ingaruka zigaragarira m’uguhinduka kw’imikorere kamere y’ibintu birimo kugwa kw’imvura, ibihe by’izuba, ibipimo by’ubushyuhe n’ubukonje bihindagurika n’ibindi.
Kubera ko abagore ari bo akenshi bajya kuvoma, guhinga, gushaka inkwi n’ibindi biteza imbere urugo rwe, iyo ibihe bihindutse bigira ingaruka ku mikorere ye bigatuma n’urugo rwe rubihomberamo.
Umunsi mpuzamahanga wahariwe umugore w’Umunyafurika ni umunsi uba ugamije kuzirikana uruhare rw’umugore mu iterambere rusange ry’igihugu n’Afurika muri rusange.
Watangiye kwizihizwa bwa mbere mu mwaka wa 1962 ariko ukaba ari ubwa mbere ugiye kubera mu Rwanda.
Ubwa mbere ku rwego rw’Afurika watangirijwe ahitwa Dar es Salaam muri Tanzania.
Umunsi mpuzamahanga wahariwe Umugore w’Umunyafurika uzazihirizwa i Kigali ku bufatanye bw’inzego zireba imibereho myiza y’umugore n’Umuryango Pan African Movement, ishami ry’u Rwanda.
Imibare ivuga ko Umunyarwandakazi atera intambwe ariko hakenewe byinshi….
Raporo iheruka yakozwe na World Economic Forum ku cyuho mu buringanire (2021 Global Gender Gap Report), yashyize u Rwanda ku mwanya wa 7 ku isi mu bihugu 156 byahawe amanota meza.
Igaragaza ko rwabashije kuziba icyuho mu buringanire ku rwego rwa 80.5%, ruba urwa kabiri muri Afurika, inyuma ya Namibia iza ku mwanya wa gatandatu ku isi n’iya mbere kuri uyu mugabane.
Mu buyobozi abagore bahagarariwe neza, ariko mu zindi mfuruka z’ubuzima ni henshi hakenewe ko umugore yongererwa ubushobozi.
Raporo yatangajwe n’Ikigo gishinzwe ibarurishamibare mu Rwanda (NISR) ku bijyanye n’umurimo ku wa 3 Ukuboza 2021, igaragaza ko muri Kanama 2021, ubushomeri mu gihugu bwari kuri 19.4 ku ijana buvuye kuri 23.5 ku ijana muri Gicurasi 2021.
Bwari hejuru mu bagore (22.2 %) kurusha abagabo (17.2 %). Ibyo bigaterwa n’imiterere y’ubukugu n’amahirwe butanga.
Urwego rw’ubuhinzi nirwo rwaje imbere mu gutanga akazi kagera kuri 64.8% , haba mu buhinzi bugamije amasoko (43.7%) cyangwa ubutanga amafunguro y’umuryango gusa (56.3%).
Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko abagore biganje mu buhinzi cyane (74.5%) kurusha mu yindi mirimo ibyara inyungu, ariko ugasanga abari mu buhinzi bugamije amasoko ni bake (38.9%) ugereranyije n’abagabo (50.3%).
Ahubwo umubare munini w’abagore wibera mu buhinzi butanga amafunguro y’ako kanya (61.1%), ugereranyije n’abagabo (49.7%).
Mu bijyanye n’indi mirimo ibyara inyungu, ibarura ryiswe Rwanda Establishment Census 2020 ryerekanye ko mu bakozi bose mu gihugu, 60.9 ku ijana ari abagabo, utitaye ku kuba hari inzego zimwe ziganjemo abagore.
Ni mu gihe nka raporo igaragaza uko abantu bagerwaho na serivisi z’imari ikorwa buri myaka ine (FinScope Rwanda Survey), iyasohotse mu 2020 igaragaza ko nibura 93% by’Abanyarwanda, ni ukuvuga nibura miliyoni zisaga 7, bagerwaho na serivisi z’imari.
Nyamara abagore batagerwaho na serivisi z’imari ari 8% mu gihe abagabo ari 7%.
Urebye abakoresha serivisi z’imari zitangwa n’ibigo (formally served), abagore ni 74%, hakabamo ikinyuranyo cya 7% ugereranyije n’abagabo.
Mu bijyanye no gukorana na banki, raporo yerekanye ko 36% by’Abanyarwanda bangana na miliyoni 2.6 ari bo babona serivisi za banki.
Muri bo abagore ni 34%, n’aho abagabo ni 39%.
Wareba noneho muri serivisi z’imari ziciriritse zinabarirwamo ibimina (informally served), zikoreshwa n’Abanyarwanda bangana na 78%, ni ukuvuga nibura miliyoni 5.6.
Finscope 2020 igaragaza ko nibura 80% by’abagore baba mu matsinda yo kwizigamira cyangwa bagakoresha bene ubwo buryo ‘buciriritse’ mu kubona serivisi z’imari.
N’iyo bigeze kuri serivisi za Mobile money, imibare yagaragaje ko mu bantu miliyoni 6.2 bari batunze telefoni igendanwa, abagore ari 84% ugereranyije n’abagabo 90%.
Ni mu gihe abafite konti za mobile money, abagabo bari 68% ku bagore 56%.
Ni imibare nubwo iri hejuru urebye aho yavuye mu myaka mike ishize, igaragaza ko hakiri akazi kagomba gushyirwamo imbaraga.
