Ubushakashatsi buheruka bwerekana ko telefoni n’ibindi bikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga bishobora guhindura imiterere y’ijosi, kwangiza amaso, kugabanya ubushobozi bw’imikaya n’imbaraga z’amaboko.
Hari abahangayikishijwe n’uko gukoresha ikoranabuhanga cyane bishobora gutuma uruhu rusaza vuba, abantu bakazana iminkanyari ku ijosi kandi by’imburagihe.
Zimwe muri izo ngaruka z’umubiri zishobora no kuvamo ibibazo byo kugabanuka kw’imikorere y’ubwonko cyangwa izindi ndwara zikomeye.
Ni kenshi abahanga bavuga gukoresha ikoranabuhanga cyane bibuza abantu gusinzira, bigatuma badasabana n’inshuti n’abavandimwe mu buryo bw’imbonankubone hakaba n’ubwo bamwe babigenderamo bakirukanwa.
Hari n’ingo ziri mu manegeka, ziri hafi gusenyuka bitewe n’uko abashakanye batakivugana ahubwo bibera mu kazi no mu ikoranabuhanga.
Ibihugu bimwe na bimwe byatangiye gutegura cyangwa gutora imishinga y’amategeko ibuza ko abana bafite munsi y’imyaka 14 bakoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga.
Ariko kandi kurinda abana ibibi byo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga bigomba kujyanirana no kuburira n’abakuru ibibi byo kubatwa naryo.
Abantu bakuru ntibazabuzwa kurikoresha, ariko kubagira inama z’akaga rigira ku mubiri wabo, ubwenge bwabo n’imibanire n’abandi byabagirira akamaro.
Reka dusuzume uko gukoresha ikoranabuhanga igihe kirekire bihindura buhoro buhoro imiterere y’urwungano rw’amagufa, imiterere y’ibiganza, kwangirika kw’amaso n’ibindi, hanyuma buri musomyi azifatire umwanzuro.
Umugongo n’ijosi bishobora kwangirika
Niba usoma iyi nyandiko kuri telefoni, birashoboka ko umutwe wawe uwunamye ureba hasi.
Uwo mwanya umara wunama uzwi nka ‘forward head posture’ utuma ijosi ryawe rishobora kwihanganira ibilo 27 bibarwa ukurikije uburemere bw’umutwe w’umuntu mukuru n’igihe cy’umunsi amara yunamye asoma, yandika cyangwa areba amashusho.
Iyo bimaze igihe, bishobora kwangiza uturemangingo two mu mugongo, bigatuma ingingo n’imikaya bigira ikibazo ndetse bikagabanya ubushobozi ibihaha bisanganywe mu gusunika umwuka duhumeka no kwinjiza uwusimbura bita oxygène.
Iyi ndwara ifata ijosi kubera kuryunamisha mu ikoranabuhanga abahanga bayise ‘tech neck’.
Hari umwe mu bandikira BBC wanditse ko iki kibazo kijya kivamo kwigonda kw’ijosi ry’umuntu watwawe n’ikoranabuhanga.
Icyakora, hari imyitozo yihariye ishobora gufasha mu gukosora icyo kibazo, ariko igomba gukorwa ubanje kugisha inama muganga.
Hari kandi impinduka zoroshye ushobora guhita ukorera neza kuri mudasobwa cyangwa telefoni yawe nta mpungenge ufite ko ijosi ryabigenderamo; Jya uzamura telefoni uyishyire ku rwego amaso ayireba bitagusabye kunama.
Abantu bagirwa inama yo kuzitereka ku byuma byabugenewe ngo bashobore kuzikoresha batunamye bita ‘stands.’
Abahanga kandi bavuga ko ari byiza kujya ufata akaruhuko mu kureba kuri écran, urugero nk’iminota 20 nyuma ya buri minota 30 y’akazi.
Ese ikibazo bita ‘Tech Neck’ gishobora gutera iminkanyari ku ijosi?
Vuba aha, hagaragaye impungenge nshya z’uko kunamisha ijosi igihe kirekire bishobora gutuma rikanyarara.
Justine Hextall, inzobere mu ndwara z’uruhu mu Bwongereza, avuga ko ibi bishoboka.
Avuga ko gukora ikintu kimwe inshuro nyinshi bishobora gutuma uruhu rugira iminkanyari bityo rero guhora wunamye bishobora gutuma ku ijosi hagira uko hahindura imiterere, rikagaragaza imihiro cyangwa iminkanyari.
Ariko kandi, avuga ko kugeza ubu nta bushakashatsi buhambaye burabihamya. Niyo mpamvu atagira umuntu inama yo kugura amavuta cyangwa ibindi bicuruzwa byamamazwa ko bivura ‘tech neck’.
Hari ibindi bibazo by’uruhu ariko bikwiye kwitabwaho cyanecyane ku bantu bahora bambaye isaha y’ikoranabuhanga (smartwatch) batayikuramo.
Hextall avuga ko ahantu hifunze kandi hahora ubuhehere munsi y’isaha ari heza ku dukoko twitwa yeast(watugereranya n’urubobi ruterwa n’icyocyere), dushobora gutera uburibwe cyangwa indwara z’uruhu zo kwishimagura.
Nanone bishobora gutuma uruhu rutihanganira bimwe mu bikoresho bikorwa mu ikoranabuhanga nka nickel, rubber, latex n’ibindi binyabutabire byitwa acrylates.
Igisubizo kiroroshye: jya ukuramo ‘smartwatch’ yawe kenshi kandi woze uruhu rwawe. Niba uyambara umunsi wose, ni byiza no gukoresha amavuta arinda uruhu.
Ikoranabuhanga ritwangiriza amaso
Umubare w’abantu bafite ikibazo cyo kutabona neza ibintu biri kure (myopia) umaze imyaka myinshi wiyongera cyane. Abenshi bahita bakeka ko ari telefoni zibitera.
Ariko Donald Mutti, umwarimu wiga iby’amaso muri Kaminuza ya Ohio State muri Amerika avuga ko atari cyo kibitera byanze bikunze.
Ubushakashatsi bwamaze imyaka irenga 20 bukurikirana imikurire y’amaso y’abana bwerekanye ko kureba ibintu biri hafi nk’amaterefone cyangwa ibitabo bidafite uruhare runini mu gutera myopia.
Icyagaragaye ahubwo ni uko kumara igihe hanze bifasha kurinda amaso. Umucyo mwinshi wo hanze utuma ijisho risohora ikinyabutabire cya dopamine, gishobora gufasha amaso gukora neza.
Ikoranabuhanga ku rundii ruhande ribangamira ibi, ahubwo rigatuma abantu bamara igihe kinini mu nzu bityo rikagira uruhare rutaziguye mu kwangiza amaso yabo.
Inama uriya muhanga atanga ni iyo kumara igihe kinini hanze kuko bifasha amaso kureba binyuze mu rumuri rusanzwe kandi bikanafasha abantu kuza gusinzira neza.
Mu gihe uri hanze ariko, ntikitegeze izuba cyane kandi niba uri inzobe, ujye wambara ingofero n’amataratara y’umukara arinda imirasire ityaye y’izuba kukwangiriza uruhu n’amaso.
Ikoranabuhanga ryangiza imiterere y’amaboko n’ibiganza
Imbaraga umuntu akoresha mu gufata ikintu neza (grip strength), akagikomeza mu gihe kirekire ni kimwe mu byo abahanga mu by’ubuzima basigaye bareberaho ko runaka afite ubwenge bukora neza.
Mu rubyiruko rwa henshi ku isi, izi mbaraga ziri kugabanuka hashingiwe ku gihe rumara ruteruye telefoni zarwo, iPads, mudasobwa n’ibindi bikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga.
Johannes Beller, inzobere mu mibereho n’ubuzima bya muntu, avuga ko gukoresha mudasobwa igihe kirekire no kudakora imyitozo ngororamubiri biri mu bitera icyo kibazo.
Intoki z’abakiri bato benshi zikura zisa n’izaremajwe no guhora zihinnye bandika, kandi kubikora igihe kirekire bituma iki kibazo kirushaho gukomera.
Inama y’abahanga ni ukwitoza gufata umupira wa tennis ukawukanda cyane ukawufata amasegonda hagati ya 15 na 30.
Niba ubona bikugora, imyitozo yo gukomeza intoki n’ibizigira by’amaboko ishobora kugufasha.
Ariko icy’ingenzi kurushaho ni ugukora imyitozo ngororamubiri muri rusange.
Imikoranire y’ubwonko n’amaboko irahungabana.
Ikoranabuhanga rishobora no kugira ingaruka k’ubushobozi bwo guhuza ibitekerezo n’imikorere y’umubiri (motor skills).
Sebastian Suggate, umwarimu wiga imikurire y’abana n’uburezi mu Budage avuga ko gukoresha ikoranabuhanga bishobora gutuma umuntu arushaho kumenya gukanda no gukoresha écran, ariko bikagabanya ubushobozi bwo gukora indi mirimo isaba gukoresha neza amaboko.
Yasanze abana bamara igihe kinini kuri mudasobwa cyangwa telefoni zabo batamenya gukoresha neza amaboko yabo haba mu kwandika no gukora indi mirimo.
Ibi birahangayikishije kuko ubushobozi bwo gukoresha amaboko neza bufitanye isano ya bugufi n’imikurire y’ubwenge n’imitsindire y’abana mu ishuri.
Mu nama atanga ariko ntiharimo iyo kureka gukoresha ibiganza mu gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ahubwo asaba ko abantu bakwiye guha umwanya uhagije ibindi bikorwa bisaba gukoresha icyo gice cy’umubiri.
Urugero ni nko guteka, gukora ubukorikori, kubaza ibiti, kwiga gucuranga cyangwa no kwandika ukoresheje ikaramu n’urupapuro.
Suggate ati: “Si ikibazo gikomeye cyane ku muntu umwe, umwe, kuko izi ngaruka ziba ari nto. Ariko iyo zirebwe ku bantu benshi no mu bihe byinshi, zishobora gutuma sosiyete itakaza buhoro buhoro ubushobozi bwo gutekereza no gukoresha amaboko kandi amaboko ni yo aduhuza cyane n’isi dutuyemo.”
Mu magambo make, ikoranabuhanga ni ryiza ariko ntirikwiye kutumugaza.
