Inzovu ziri mu nyamaswa zizwiho kugira ubwenge buhambaye n’ubushobozi budasanzwe bwo kwibuka. Impamvu zigira ubwo bushobozi ziratandukanye ariko ziruzuzanya. Iy’ingenzi ni ubunini bw’ubwonko bw’inzovu.
Ubwonko bwazo ni bunini cyane kandi igice cyabwo kinini kurusha ibindi- ari nacyo kizwiho kubika amakuru ajya mu bwonko- ni icyo abahanga bita hippocampus.
Ubwonko bw’inzovu kandi bugira ibindi bice biba mu nkengero za Hippocampus bita temporal lobes bifasha inzovu kubika no gutunganya amakuru ajyanye n’amarangamutima, aho ibintu biherereye n’imibanire hagati yazo.
Ibyo byombi nk’uko biri busobanurwe hasi, bifasha inzovu cyane cyane iz’ingore kubika amakuru azazifasha kwita ku miryango no gufasha izikiri nto kumenya uko ubuzima bwo mu ishyamba bumera, kwirinda gucaracara aho intare ziba, kumenya aho amazi n’ubwatsi bwiza biherereye no kumenya uko ikirere gihinduka.
Amakuru ubwonko bw’inzovu bubika azifasha kandi kumenya kwivana no kuvana abana bazo mu mage.
Ubwonko bunini cyane
Ubwonko bw’inzovu bushobora gupima hagati y’ibilo 4.7 n’ibilo bitanu 5 bukaba ari bwo bunini kurusha ubw’izindi nyamaswa ziba ku butaka. Ubwonko bw’umuntu mukuru bupima hagati y’ikilo kimwe na garama 300 n’ikilo kimwe na garama 400.
Kimwe mu bice by’ingenzi by’ubwoko ni hippocampus kikagira uruhare mu kwibuka no gutunganya amakuru. Iki gice cy’ubwonko bw’inzovu kiba ari kinini cyane kandi gikoze mu buryo busa n’uko za mudasobwa zihambaye abantu bakoze zibuka zikanatunganya amakuru.
Ibi biha inzovu ubushobozi bwo kwibuka ibintu bimeze igihe kirekire bibaye.
Hari kandi bya bice byitwa temporal lobes, bifasha gutunganya amakuru aturuka ku majwi, amashusho n’ahantu.
Ibi bituma inzovu zishobora kwibuka amajwi, impumuro, abantu cyangwa izindi nzovu, ndetse n’ahantu zigeze kunyura mu gihe cy’imyaka myinshi yatambutse.
Inzovu z’ingore zikuze: “ububiko bw’ubumenyi” bw’umuryango
Mu miryango myinshi y’inzovu, inzovu z’ingore zimaze gukura kurusha izindi ni zo zikunze kugira uruhare runini mu kuyobora umuryango.
Iyo inzovu y’ingore imaze imyaka myinshi ibayeho, iba yarabonye byinshi bitandukanye, harimo amapfa, inzara, kwimuka no guhura n’ahantu hashobora guteza akaga.
Mu gihe cy’amapfa akomeye, urugero, inzovu nkuru ishobora gufasha umuryango kujya gushaka amazi ahantu kure kuko iba yarigeze kuyahabona mu gihe cyahise, ikabikora binyuze mu kuzijya imbere zikayikurikira.
Iyo itagize ibyago ngo isange aho hantu ayo mazi yarahakamye, izindi nzovu ndetse nayo ubwayo, zibyungukiramo.
Ni yo mpamvu abashakashatsi bakunze kugereranya inzovu nkuru ‘n’inzu y’ibitabo by’umuryango’ kubera ubumenyi ifite bufasha izindi nzovu, cyane cyane ibyana, kubaho no guhangana n’ibibazo bishamikiye ku bidukikije.
Zibasha kumenya izindi nzovu n’abantu
Ubushobozi bwo kwibuka bw’inzovu ntibugarukira ku hantu gusa. Zishobora kandi gutandukanya abantu n’izindi nzovu zishingiye ku majwi, impumuro n’andi makuru zibonera ku mubiri cyangwa mu bidukikije.
Inzovu z’ingore zikuze zishobora gukurikirana no kumenya abantu cyangwa inzovu nyinshi zimenyeranye zikagira ubushobozi bwo gutandukanya amajwi, ibyo bikaba ingenzi cyane mu buzima bw’umuryango.
Ibi bifasha inzovu kumenya uwo zizeye, uwo zitamenyereye ndetse n’ahashobora kuba hari akaga.
Ubumenyi buhererekanywa kuva ku gisekuru kugera ku kindi
Ubuzima bw’inzovu bushingiye cyane ku muryango. Ibyana byazo ntibivuka bifite ubumenyi bwose bikenera kugira ngo bibeho; bigenda bibwigishwa n’inzovu zikuze.
Inzovu zikuze zifasha ibyana kumenya aho byabona ibiribwa n’amazi, inzira zizewe zo kunyuramo, uburyo bwo kwirinda ahantu hateje akaga ndetse n’uko byitwara imbere y’izindi nyamaswa.
Ibi bituma ubumenyi bw’ingenzi bwo kubaho buhererekanywwa kuva ku gisekuru kimwe bukagera ku kindi.
Ibi rero bituma iyo inzovu nkuru ipfuye, ubumenyi yari buzahe izindi butakara.
Uruhare rw’inzovu nkuru ruba rukomeye ku buryo iyo ipfuye bihombya umuryango wose.
Iyo ipfuye, izindi nzovu zitakaza ubuyobozi n’ubumenyi yari ifite, cyane cyane iyo ari yo yari izi neza ahantu haba amazi n’inzira z’ingenzi mu gace zibamo.
Ibi bigaragaza ko kwibuka kw’inzovu atari ubushobozi bw’umubiri gusa, ahubwo ko ari n’igice cy’ubuzima bw’umuryango n’umuco wazo.
Ubumenyi bukusanywa mu buzima bw’inzovu imwe bushobora kugirira akamaro igisekuru kizarikurikiraho.
Muri rusange, ubushobozi bw’inzovu bwo kwibuka bushingiye ku miterere y’ubwonko bwazo, ubuzima bwazo burebure(kuko ziramba kugeza ku myaka 70) n’imibanire ikomeye hagati y’abagize umuryango wazo.
Ibi byose iyo bihujwe bituma inzovu zishobora kubika amakuru y’ingenzi mu gihe kirekire, zikayakoresha mu gufata ibyemezo no kuyobora umuryango mu bihe bikomeye.
