Kigali— Iperereza ku buriganya bukomeye bwavumbuwe muri Equity Bank Rwanda riri gukara kurushaho, aho nibura abantu 35 bafunzwe n’inzego z’umutekano mu gihe abayobozi bari kugerageza gusobanukirwa uburyo bwakoreshejwe mu kunyereza miliyari z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda yibwe mu ikoranabuhanga mu rwego rw’imari.
Umwe mu bayobozi b’iyi Banki yabwiye Taarifa Rwanda ko amafaranga yose yibwe muri ubu buriganya angana hafi na Miliyari 4.7 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda.
Muri yo, Banki imaze kugaruza miliyari 1.2, hasigaye hafi Miliyari 3.5 zigishakishwa.
Ibi bisobanuro byatanzwe nyuma y’amakuru yari yabanje kugera kuri Taarifa Rwanda yavugaga ko amafaranga yibwe ashobora kuba ageze kuri Miliyari 85 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda.
Ariko nyuma yo kugenzura neza amakuru ava nzego za Banki- nayo yasohotse nyuma y’inkuru ya mbere- byagaragaye ko ayo makuru yari akeneye andi yo kuyuzuza.
Rwanda Investigation Bureau (RIB) ni yo iyoboye iri perereza, ikaba iri gukora isesengura ryimbitse ry’ikoreshwa rya mudasobwa, igenzura ry’ibikorwa by’imari ndetse n’ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki byafatanywe abakekwaho icyaha.
Umwe mu bayobozi muri uru rwego rw’Ubugenzacyaha ati: “Dufite abantu bagera kuri 35 bafunzwe. Ntibashobora kurekurwa mu gihe iperereza rigikomeje.”
Abenshi mu bafashwe ni abantu bakekwaho ko konti zabo za Banki cyangwa izo kuri mobile money zakiriye amafaranga akemangwa ajyanye n’ubu buriganya.
Abashinzwe iperereza bari kugerageza kumenya niba abo bantu barabikoze babizi babigambiriye, cyangwa niba byarabagwiririyei, cyangwa niba konti zabo zarakoreshejwe n’abateguye ubu buriganya.
Wa muyobozi muri ruriya rwego hari ibyo akemanga…
Ati: “Ntushobora kwakira Miliyoni Frw 100 kuri konti yawe ngo uvuge ko utazi aho zavuye. Abashinzwe iperereza bagomba kumenya uwayohereje n’impamvu yageze kuri iyo konti.”
Mu bafashwe harimo abakozi babiri ba Equity Bank bakora mu ishami ry’ikoranabuhanga, bakora mu bijyanye n’imikorere y’ikigega cy’amakuru(data center) ya banki.
Uyu muyobozi yavuze ko gufungwa kwabo bitavuze ko bagize uruhare mu buriganya, ahubwo abashinzwe iperereza bari kugenzura niba abakoze icyaha barabonye uburyo bwo kugera ku bikorwaremezo bya Banki, haba mu buryo bwa tekiniki cyangwa bw’imbonankubone.
Ati: “Twakekaga ko bishoboka ko hari umuntu wabashije kugera kuri data center. Ariko ibyo sinabyemeza neza. RIB igomba kubanza kurangiza isuzuma rya tekiniki.”
Hari kandi abandi bakekwaho icyaha bafatiwe hanze y’u Rwanda.
Mu gihe ari uko ibintu bimeze imbere mu Rwanda, hari abantu batandatu bakekwaho kuba bafitanye isano n’ubu buriganya bafatiwe muri Uganda.
Abashinzwe iperereza ubu bari gusuzuma ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki n’inyandiko za mudasobwa babasanganye kugira ngo bamenye uruhare rwabo.
Abashinzwe ubugenzuzi bwa tekiniki bwa Polisi y’u Rwanda bari gukuramo no gusesengura amakuru n’amafoto ari mu bikoresho byafashwe, kugira ngo bamenye niba abo bantu baragize uruhare mu buriganya cyangwa niba bakoreshejwe batabizi.
Abashinzwe iperereza bavuga ko aho ikibazo cyinjiriye muri sisiteme hashobora kuba ari ku rubuga rutangwa na ESICIA Ltd, rutanga uburyo bwo gukoresha interineti mu bya Banki rwatanze ubwo burenganzira.
Bari kugenzura niba iyo sisiteme yarakoreshejwe nabi kugira ngo haboneke uburyo bwo kwinjiramo mu buryo butemewe cyangwa guhindura ibikorwa by’imari.
Umuyobozi mukuru wa ESICIA, Innocent Kaneza, yabajijwe kuri iki kibazo ariko ahitamo kuryumaho.
Iki kibazo cyateje impungenge no ku mikorere ya mobile money, cyane cyane ku bijyanye no kugura ibyo bita “float.”
Mu Rwanda, abakozi ba mobile money bagura float bashyira amafaranga angana na yo kuri konti ya banki, hanyuma sosiyete y’itumanaho ikabaha agaciro kayo kuri telefoni zabo kandi na Banki zirabibakorera.
Ariko abashinzwe iperereza bakeka ko abatekamutwe bakoresheje ubu buryo mu kwiba amafaranga.
Umwe mu bayobozi yavuze ati: “Hari SIM cards zaguze float igera kuri miliyoni 100, kandi zimwe muri zo ntizari zarigeze zakira na Frw 1000 mbere.”
Ibi byahise bitera ikibazo cy’ukuntu ibikorwa by’amafaranga manini byashoboye kunyura mu rihumye abashinzwe igenzura ry’umutekano w’imari mu by’ikoranabuhanga.
Nk’urugero, umuntu ashobora kohereza amafaranga ava muri Equity Bank ajya kuri mobile money atarenze hafi Miliyoni Frw 2 ku munsi.
Wa muyobozi ati: “Ku muvuduko nk’uwo, byasaba ibikorwa ibihumbi byinshi kugira ngo yimure Miliyari Frw 4.7. Bityo rero ntibyashoboka ko byabaye mu buryo busanzwe bwo kohereza amafaranga.”
Abashinzwe iperereza bakeka ko amafaranga yimuwe hifashishijwe kugura float ku bwinshi aho kohereza amafaranga mu buryo busanzwe.
Zimwe muri SIM cards zakoreshejwe zavuye hanze y’u Rwanda, kandi ntizari iz’abakozi ba mobile money ‘bemewe.’
Abaperereza baribaza bati: “Ni nde watanze izo SIM cards, ni nde uzifite, kandi kuki zemererwa kugura float ingana gutyo?”
Iki kibazo cyanagaragaje icyuho mu mategeko agenga ubwishyu bukoresha ikoranabuhanga.
Mu mabanki, hari imipaka ikomeye ku mafaranga umuntu ashobora kubikuza cyangwa kohereza.
Urugero: Ntushobora kubikuza hejuru ya Miliyoni Frw 5 muri Guichet ya Banki utabajijwe byinshi.
Kohereza amafaranga arenga ibihumbi 10 by’amadolari akenshi bisaba igenzura ryihariye.
Ariko muri mobile money, iyo umuntu agura float, amafaranga ashobora kuba menshi cyane.
Umuvugizi wa RIB, Dr. Thierry B. Murangira yabwiye Taarifa Rwanda Ishami ry’Icyongereza ko nta makuru afite kuri iyi ngingo.
Umuyobozi mukuru wa MoMo Rwanda Ltd na we yavuze ko yabyumvise bwa mbere byanditswe kuri kuri uru rubuga.
N’umuhati wo kuvugana na Banki nkuru y’u Rwanda nk’urwego rushinzwe urwego rw’imari mu gihugu, ntacyo wagezeho kuko nta cyo badusubije.
Banki nini zo mu Rwanda ziribwa…
Amakuru yo mu rwego rw’amabanki avuga ko BPR Bank Rwanda iherutse guhura n’uburiganya bwatumye yibwa Miliyari Frw 1.2.
NCBA Bank Rwanda na yo yagize ikibazo cyo kwibwa Miliyoni Frw 400, ariko igaruza Miliyoni Frw 250.
BK na yo yageze kugerwa amajanja n’abakora ubwo buriganya mu mezi ashize.
Yewe no muri BNR higeze kugeragezwa kwibwa binyuze mu kwinjira muri sisiteme (cyber intrusion) y’ikoranabuhanga.
Hari n’ urubanza rumwe rwigeze kumvwamo abakekwagaho icyaha bivugwa ko bakoreraga muri Hoteli iri munsi ya metero 50 uvuye kuri banki nkuru, baregwaga kwinjira muri sisiteme ya BNR.
Kugeza ubu, abashinzwe iperereza baracyakurikirana aho amafaranga ya Equity Bank Rwanda yanyuze, abateguye ubu buriganya n’uruhare rw’abantu batandukanye.
Amakuru arambuye azatangazwa nyuma y’uko iperereza rya RIB n’inzego zigenzura imari rirangiriye.
