Umubyibuho ukabije ni ikibazo cy’ubuzima hirya no hino ku isi ariko cyane cyane mu bihugu bikize n’ibitangiye gukira. Bavuga ko umuntu afite umubyibuho ukabije iyo bafashe uburebure bwe n’ibiro bye babigereranya bagasanga afite cyangwa arengeje igipimo cya 30.
Abantu bafite iki gipimo bikubye kabiri hagati y’umwaka wa 1975 n’uwa 2016 kandi iyi ni imibare ishingiye ku bushakashatsi bwakorewe ku isi hose.
Igihangayikishije abakora mu nzego z’ubuzima kandi hafi ku isi hose ni uko ikibazo cy’umubyibuho ukabije kiri kugaragara no mu bana.
Kubyibuha bikabije bigendana n’ibindi bibazo by’ubuzima birimo indwara nka Diyabete, indwara z’umutima( ni indwara z’umutima kuko umutima ugira indwara nyinshi) ndetse na za cancers.
Inzego z’ubuzima kandi zemeza ko bamwe mu bantu bibasiwe cyane n’icyorezo COVID-19 muri iki gihe ari abantu bafite umubyibuho ukabije.
Uruhare rw’inkomoko y’umuntu(genetics) mu kugira umubyibuho ukabije
Hari ibintu bizwi ko bigira uruhare rutaziguye mu kugira umubyibuho ukabije, birimo indyo ikize ku binure n’amasukari kandi itagenzuwe neza kandi ngo ibe iherekejwe no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri ihagije, ubunebwe buranga umuntu uhora yicaye adakoresha umubiri we.
Icyo abahanga bamaze iminsi bibaza ni uruhare rw’inkomoko y’umuntu mu kugira ibiro byinshi, icyo bita ‘genetic factor’.
Mu rwego rwo kumenya niba hari isano inkomoko y’umuntu igira mu kugira umubyibuho ukabije, abahanga mu binyabuzima bakusanyije ibirango fatizo by’abantu( DNA) benshi kugira ngo babisuzume barebe niba haboneka ikirango icyo ari cyo cyose kiganisha ku kuba abana bashobora gukomora umubyibuho ukabije ku babyeyi babo cyangwa abasekuru babo.
Baje gusanga mu maraso y’abo bantu harimo akarango gato bise loci-gene kerekana ko abantu runaka bafite umubyibuho ukabije bawukomoye ku babyeyi babo cyangwa ba sekuru [na ba nyirakuru].
Umwe mu bahanga bakoze buriya bushakashatsi ni Professor Cornelie Nienaber-Rousseau, wo muri Kaminuza yo muri Afurika y’Epfo yitwa North-West University akaba ari umuhanga mu by’imirire.
Mugenzi we wo muri Kaminuza yo mu Bwongereza yitwa University of Portsmouth witwa Dr Ivor Ebenezer avuga ko kugira ngo abantu bumve neza uko ababyeyi bamwe bahererekanya n’abana babo uturango dutuma bagira umubyibuho ukabije, bagomba kumenya ibyo uturamangingo fatizo tumaze.
Uturamangingo fatizo( genes) dushinzwe guha ibice by’umubiri ibibitunga binyuze mu butumwa bita hormones bujyanwa n’intumwa zitwa ‘neurotransmitters’ n’intumwa zishinzwe gushyira bwa butumwa ku murongo bita ‘neuromodulators’, ndetse n’indurwe( enzymes) ziba zishinzwe gufasha urwungano ngongozi( digestive system) gukora neza mu igogora.
Abakurambere ba muntu nibo byose bikomokaho
Abantu ba kera cyane twe ab’ubu dukomokaho bari batunzwe no gusoroma no guhiga inyamaswa.
Uku gusoroma ni ko kwaje kuvamo ubuhinzi nyuma y’uko bariya bantu baje gusanga burya iyo imbuto( tuvuge nk’iz’ipapayi) iyo ziguye ahantu zongera zikamera kandi ku bwinshi.
Ibi byatumye bahitamo gutera izo mbuto, babona zirakuze, babibonye batyo batangira gushinga inzu z’utururi kugira ngo babone uko baturana naza mbuto bityo bazazisarure zikuze.
Ni uko imidugudu yavutse, iza kuvamo n’imijyi.
Ku rundi ruhande ariko, abantu dukomokaho ba kera cyane barahigaga bakarya inyama.
Kubera ko inyamaswa zo gihiga ni ukuvuga izirisha zitabonekaga mu bihe byose, iyo zabaga zabonetse( ni ukuvuga mu gihe imvura igwa) barazihigaga bakarya inyama nyinshi kandi kenshi.
Mu gihe zabaga zaragabanutse cyane, imibiri yabo yabaga yarabitse ibyubaka umubiri byinshi( proteins) byabafashaga kubaho mu gihe babaga bategereje ko inyamaswa zongera gukura bakabona izo bahiga.
Dr Ebenezer twavuze haruguru yanditse mu kinyamakuru kitwa Science Alert ko uku kubika za proteins kwari gufitwe n’abakura mbere ba muntu kwaje gukomereza mu babakomotseho uko ibinyejana n’ibinyabihumbi byasimburanaga kugeza n’ubu.
Iyi niyo nkomoko y’uko abantu bafite imibiri yifitemo ubushobozi bwo kubika ibinure n’izindi ntungamubiri kandi igihe kirekire.
Ikibabaje ni uko icyahoze ari uburyo bwo gufasha imibiri y’abakurambere ba muntu ngo ihangane n’ibihe bibi byarangwaga n’ibura ry’ibiribwa, ubu cyabaye impamvu iganisha ku rupfu muri iki gihe ibiryo byabaye byinshi muri rusange.
Byumvikane neza ko inkomoko ya muntu atari yo yonyine imuteza ibibazo byo kubyibuha birenze ibyo akeneye hagendewe ku burebure bwe n’imyaka ye.
Izindi mpamvu zibitera harimo imibereho y’ubu ituma abantu benshi bamara umwanya munini bicaye kandi barya ibintu bikize ku masukari n’amavuta, ntibakore imyitozo ngororamubiri n’ibindi.
Iyo umuntu arya ibintu bimuha ibinure byinshi ariko ntakoreshe umubiri we ngo ubigabanye, icyo gihe umubiri urabibika.
Ahantu umubiri w’umuntu ukunda kubika ibi binure ni ku nda no ku gikanu kuko ari ho mu by’ukuri horohera umubiri kubika biriya binure.
Ingaruka z’umubyibuho ukabije:
1: Guturika k’udutsi two mu bwonko: Iyo amaraso y’umuntu arimo ibinure byinshi, agenda asiga bimwe muri byo mu mitsi bityo amaraso ntashobore gutambuka neza. Twabigereranya n’umuheha wazibye kubera ibivuzo cyangwa imbetezi. Umuheha nk’uyu ntabwo uhitisha icyo kunywa bityo bigasaba umunywi gukurura cyane. Ku byerekeye ubwonko bw’umuntu, aha twavuga iyo udutsi twabwo turimo ibinure byinshi, ibi binure bibangamira amaraso ntabugeremo byohoshye, bwakumva bunaniwe bugasaba umutima gusunika cyane ngo amaraso agereyo, ibi bikaba byatuma twa duti duturika kubera izo mbaraga zose ziba zisabwa.
2: Agahinda gakabije: Indwara y’agahinda gakabije iterwa n’ibintu byinshi. Ku byerekeye umubyibuho ukabije, aha turavuga ko iriya ndwara izanwa no guhangayikira uko abandi bakubona. Iyo umuntu azi ko aho ari buce abantu bari muryanire inzara, ngo reba uko angana n’uko agenda, biramuhangayikisha.
Iyo akiri ingimbi cyangwa umwangavu birushaho gukomera. Iyi niyo mpamvu abakobwa bakunda guhora ku ndyo bita ko ituma baguma kuri taille( size). Kuri bo, kubyibuha ni ukugusha ishyano!
3: Indwara z’umutima: Izi ndwara ziri amoko menshi ariko igikunze kugaragara ni uguhagarara kwawo. Bya binure twavuze haruguru ntibibura no kwihuriza mu mitsi igarura amaraso mu mutima, bikaba byabangamira amaraso ntagere mu kindi gice cy’umutima gishinzwe kuyungurura amaraso kikayashyiramo oxygen mbere y’uko akomereza mu bindi bice asukuye.
Iyo abuze uko atambuka, umutima ntutinda guhagarara. Niyo utarahagara bya nyabyo, ubu ukora gake k’uburyo nyirawo iyo agenda, ananirwa adateye kabiri.
4:Umwijima urahagarara: Umwijima ni imwe mu nyama z’umuntu zifite akamaro kurusha izindi. Izi nyama ni ubwonko, umutima, ibihaha, umwijima n’impyiko.
Akamaro kawo ni ukuyungurura amaraso, ukayavanamo ibidafite umumaro, ukayasigira ibiwufite ari nabyo amaraso aba akeneye ngo akomeze kuba mazima kandi atuma nyira yo abaho. Iyo amaraso awugeraho arimo ibinure n’amasukari byinshi, umwijima ukomeza kwihangana ukayasukura. Ibi iyo bitinze, bya binure bikarushaho kuwunaniza, ugeraho ugahagarara, ejo ukumva ngo runaka yapfuye kandi mbere y’aho mwari muri kumwe.
Ikibi cyawo ni uko nta bimenyetso byawo bihita bigaragarira buri wese k’uburyo uwurwaye yahita ajya kwa muganga. Ibi bituma hari benshi bajya kwa muganga amazi yararenze inkombe.
5:Cancers: Umubyibuho ukabije kandi ni intandaro ya za cancers zirimo iz’umwijima, impyiko, urwagashya n’izindi
6:Kubabara muri Mugabuzi: Aho Abanyarwanda bita muri mugabuzi ni munsi y’amabere ni ukuvuga akagufa kari hagati y’igituza n’inyama bita igicamakoma( diaphragm), itandukanya igituza n’igice cy’inda( abdomen).
Izindi ndwara ziterwa n’umubyibuho ukabije ni Diyabete byo mu bwoko bwa 2, kutabasha kugenda kubera uburemere bw’ibilo umuntu aba afite butuma amagufa y’amaguru atabasha kubyikorera ngo atambucye.
Ibi bituma amugara akajya agendera mu igare ry’abafite ubumuga.
Ikindi ni uko umubyibuho ukabije utuma abagore badasama kuko hari ubwo intanga ngabo itagera mu mura kubera ko ibyigwa n’ibinure.
Uruhu rw’umuntu ubyibushye cyane rurakweduka kubera ubwinshi by’ibinure ruba rubitse.
Icya nyuma ni uko abantu babyibushye cyane badasinzira neza kubera ko utwenge ducamo umwuka iyo asinziriye tuba ari duto bityo bikamusaba imbaraga ngo ahumeke, ibi bigatera ibyo bita ‘kugona.
