Ikoranabuhanga mu guhindura utunyangingo tw’ibihingwa hagamijwe kubyongerera umusaruro ryitwa Genetic editing rigiye gushyiramo imbaraga mu buhinzi bw’u Rwanda kugira ngo ibihingwa byere kurushaho. Ibihingwa byeze binyuze muri iri koranabuhanga babyita GMOs cyangwa Genetically Modified Organisms mu magambo arambuye.
Intego ya Leta y’u Rwanda ni ukweza cyane, abaturage bakihaza mu biribwa ndetse bagasagurira n’isoko mpuzamahanga.
Ghindurira ibihingwa utunyangingo bikorwa iyo hafashwe akaremangingo kavuye mu gihingwa runaka kagashyirwa mu kindi bagamije kucyongerera intungamubiri no kugiha ubudahangarwa mu kurwanya indwara zishoboraga kukibasira.
Ibyo bituma haboneka umusaruro mwinshi ku buso buto.
Abahinzi bashima iri koranabuhanga bakavuga ko bizeye ko bizabaha umusaruro munini bigatuma beza bakabona amafunguro ahagije, bikinjiza n’amafaranga.
Umwe muri bo witwa Habyarimana Faustin yagize ati: “Uko byumvikana ni uko ikoranabuhanga rihanitse ari ryiza. Najyaga ntera umuti mwinshi ibirayi kandi umpenze nirinda ko byakwicwa n’indwara rimwe na rimwe bikanga bikarwara bikambera igihombo. None numvise iri koranabuhanga rizabitangaho igisubizo kandi ni inyungu ikomeye kuri twe”.
Undi muhinzi w’imyumbati witwa Nyinawumuntu Adelle uhinga imyumbati nawe ashima iri koranabuhanga.
Ati: “ Igihugu cyacu nticyicaye kuko gikora ibishoboka ngo umuhinzi yiteze imbere. Ubu imyumbati yibasiwe n’indwara ya kabore yatumye imbuto nzima ibura, ibiyikomokaho byose byararahenze, none iri koranabuhanga rije ari igisubizo cyunganira umuhinzi. Turifuza kongera kubona inyungu twakuraga mu buhinzi bw’imyumbati”.
Itegeko rigenga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima ryemera imikoreshereze y’iri koranabuhanga rya GMO kuko riherutse gusohoka mu igazeti ya Leta yo ku wa 21, Gashyantare, 2024.
Rigeze mu Rwanda vuba ariko ryari rimaze igihe runaka rikoreshwa mu mahanga urugero nko muri Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika aho rimaze imyaka 40.
Rihakoreshwa ku kigero kiri hejuru ku bihingwa byinshi cyane cyane mu bigori na soya.
Urugero iri koranabuhanga rikoreshwa kuri ibi binyampeke rugera kuri 90%ndetse kandi abahanga muri byo bemeje ko ibihingwa irimo ntacyo byangiza ku mubiri w’uwabiriye.
Umushakashatsi mu Kigo cy’Igihugu cy’ubuhinzi RAB ku bihingwa by’ibinyabijumba n’ibinyamizi, akaba n’umuhuzabikorwa w’ihuriro ridaheza rigamije kongerera ubumenyi ku iterambere ry’ubuhinzi bukoresheje ikoranabuhanga OFAB( Open Forum Agricultural Biotechnology) witwa Dr. Athanase Nduwumuremyi avuga ko iri koranabuhanga rigamije gusubiza bimwe mu bibazo biri mu buhinzi, nko kweza bike, kutihanganira indwara cyangwa amapfa n’ibindi.
Ati: “Ubu buryo bwo guhindurira ibihingwa uturemangingo GMO bugamije gusubiza bimwe mu bibazo biri mu buhinzi, nko kwera bike, kutihanganira indwara cyangwa amapfa, kubyongerera intungamubiri n’ibindi bigamije kongera umusaruro w’ubuhinzi ukaba mwinshi ku buso buto”.
Avuga ko kugeza ubu ubushakashatsi kuri iri koranabuhanga ryatangiriye ku gihingwa cy’imyumbati aho barimo kugerageza imyumbati yihanganira indwara ya kabore no kubemba.
Anemeza ko ubushakashatsi buzakomereza ku bihingwa by’ingenzi nk’ibirayi, ibigori, urutoki n’ibindi.
Usibye kuba iri koranabuhanga rikoreshwa mu buhinzi rinakoreshwa ku bindi binyabuzima bitandukanye, kwa muganga ryifashishwa mu gukora imiti imwe n’imwe nk’ivura indwara ya diyabete, rikoreshwa mu nkingo n’ahandi.
Minisiteri y’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi igaragaza ko urwego rw’ubuhinzi rurimo abarenga 70% mu Rwanda, rwihariye kandi 30% by’umusaruro mbumbe w’igihugu ndetse 80% by’ababukora bavuga ko bubungukira.
Usibye kuba iri koranabuhanga rizaba igisubizo ku bukungu bushingiye ku buhinzi, rizaba n’igisubizo mu guhangana n’ibibazo by’inzara n’imirire mibi byugarije Isi.
Ishami ry’Umuryango w’abibumbye ryita ku biribwa n’ubuhinzi FAO rivuga ko mu myaka itari mike, ibipimo by’imirire mibi byagiye byiyongera, aho abarenga 9% by’abatuye isi bafite inzara idakira, naho 1/3 cy’abatuye isi bakaba baba mu bihugu bifite ikibazo gikabije cy’ibura ry’ibiribwa.
Ikindi kandi FAO ivuga ko umubare w’abantu bafite inzara yabaye karande ugomba kuzaba wagabanutse ukagera kuri miliyoni 150 mu 2025, uvuye kuri miliyoni 735 wariho muri 2022 naho mu mwaka wa 2030 bakazaba bageze kuri 0. Mu mwaka wa 2050, abatuye isi bose bagomba kuzaba bashobora kubona indyo yuzuye.
