Impamvu Zatumye Igiciro Cya Lisansi Mu Rwada Kizamuka

Urwego ngenzuramikorere (RURA) rwatangaje ko guhera kuri uyu wa 16 Ukwakira kugeza ku wa 14 Ukuboza 2021, igiciro cya lisansi i Kigali kitagomba kurenga 1143 Frw mu gihe icya mazutu cyagumye ku 1054 Frw kuri litiro.

Ni izamuka rishingiye ku miterere y’isoko mpuzamahanga ry’ibikomoka kuri peteroli, nubwo Leta y’u Rwanda yakomeje gufata ingamba zituma ibiciro bitazamuka cyane imbere mu gihugu.

Mu itangazo ryasinyweho n’Umuyobozi Mukuru wa RURA Dr. Ernest Nsabimana kuri uyu wa Gatanu, yavuze ko Leta y’u Rwanda ikomeje kwigomwa amwe mu mahoro asanzwe yakwa ku icuruzwa ry’ibikomoka kuri peteroli.

Kuri iyi nshuro ngo byakozwe kugira ngo nibura “igiciro cya Lisansi aho kwiyongeraho amafaranga y’u Rwanda 110 kuri litiro cyiyongereho amafaranga 55 kuri litiro, naho ku giciro cya Mazutu, Leta ikaba yigomwe amafaranga 80 kuri litiro kugirango kigume uko cyari gisanzwe” nk’uko RURA yabitangaje.

Ibi biciro bivugururwa buri mezi abiri bigaragaza ko ku izamuka rya lisansi havuyeho 55 Frw.

Yakomeje iti “Iki cyemezo cyafashwe mu rwego rwo gukumira ingaruka zashoboraga guturuka ku bwiyongere bukabije bw’ibiciro by’ibikomoka kuri peteroli, bityo zikaba zabangamira umuvuduko ubukungu bw’Igihugu buri kwiyubakaho nyuma yo gukererezwa n’ingaruka za Covid- 19.”

Icyemezo cyo kwigomwa amahoro leta yagitangiye muri Gicurasi, ubwo byari bimaze kugaragara ko ibiciro by’ibikomoka kuri peteroli byazamutseho 17%, ku buryo  ku isoko ryo mu Rwanda byagombaga kuzamukaho 7%.

Ni izamuka ryashoboraga guhungabanya ibiciro by’ubwikorezi, bikagira ingaruka no ku bindi bicuruzwa mu gihugu.

Ku isoko mpuzamahanga ntibyoroshye

Igitutu cy’ibiciro by’ibikomoka kuri peteroli gikomeje kuzamuka cyane ku isoko mpuzamahanga, kuko birimo kurushaho gukenerwa uko ibihugu bifungura ibikorwa n’ingendo byari bimaze igihe bidakora, bijyanye n’icogora ry’icyorezo cya COVID-19.

Kuri uyu wa Gatanu akagunguru ka peteroli ku isoko mpuzamahanga kazamutse kurusha indi nshuro mu myaka itatu ishize, karenga $85.

Ku wa Kane bwo igiciro cyazamutseho 1%, nyuma y’uko Saudi Arabia yari kimaze kwanga ubusabe bw’uko ibihugu bicukura peteroli nyinshi byibumbiye mu cyitwa OPEC+, byakongera ingano y’iyo bishyira ku isoko buri munsi.

Ni icyemezo biriya bihugu byafashe nk’uburyo bwo kugenzura ihindagurika ry’ibiciro byari bimaze kugwa cyane.

Bwa mbere mu mateka y’ubucukuzi bwa peteroli, ku wa 20 Mata 2020 igiciro cy’agakunguru ka peteroli icukurwa muri Amerika kagiye munsi y’idolari zeru, kagurwa – 37.63.

Icyo gihe bivuga ibigo biyakira mu bubiko ikimara gucukurwa, byishyura abacuruzi ngo bayibavanire aho kuko indi iba irimo gucukurwa bijyanye n’amasezerano yasinywe.

Kiriya gihe ibinyabiziga byinshi n’indege ntibyari bikigira aho bitarabukira, kubera amabwiriza akaze yo gukumira COVID-19 hirya no hino ku Isi.

Byaje gutuma ibihugu bikomeye mu bucukuzi bwa peteroli biterana, byiyemeza kugabanya cyane ingano ya peteroli icukurwa, ikazajya izamurwa gake gake uko ubukungu bugenda busubira ku murongo.

Magingo aya peteroli icukurwa iri munsi y’ikenewe.

Nyamara mu nama yayo yabaye muri uku kwezi, ibihugu bigize OPEC+ byagumye ku ntego yo kongera utugunguru 400,000 kuri peteroli icukurwa ku munsi, mu gihe ibihugu byinshi byasabaga ko twongerwa cyane.

Kutongera ingano ya peteroli icukurwa byatumye ibiciro bikomeza kuzamuka.

Kuri uyu wa Gatanu igiciro cya Brent crude cyazamutseho iby’ijana 77 kigera ku $84.77 ku kagunguru, bingana n’izamuka rya 0.9%.

Nicyo giciro kiri hejuru cyane kibayeho guhera mu Ukwakira 2018.

Ni mu gihe peteroli icukurwa muri Amerika (U.S. West Texas Intermediate, WTI) yazamutseho iby’ijana 87 ikagera ku $82.19 ku kagunguru, bingana n’izamuka rya 1.1%.

Abasesenguzi banagaragaza ko iri zamuka mu biciro nta gishobora kurihagarika mu minsi ya vuba.

Ibyo bihuzwa n’uko ibiciro bya gaz karemano byatumbagiye cyane mu Burayi na Aziya, ku buryo abantu n’inganda bahindukiriye ibikomoka kuri peteroli mu biyanye n’ingufu.

Byatumye Ikigo mpuzamahanga gishinzwe iby’ingufu (International Energy Agency, IEA) gitangaza ko ubukenerwe bwa peteroli bugiye kwiyongeraho nibura utugunguru 500,000 ku munsi, ku buryo ibiciro bizarushaho kuzamuka, bikanagira ingaruka ku biciro by’ibindi bicuruzwa.

Isesengura rya IEA rigaragaza ko hazaboneka icyuho cy’utugunguru nibura 700,000 ku munsi kugeza mu mpera z’umwaka, hagendewe kuri peteroli irimo gushyirwa ku isoko.

Hagendewe kuri gahunda ihari, peteroli ishyirwa ku isoko iziyongeraho utugunguru miliyoni 2.7 mu mezi ane kuva muri Nzeri kugeza mu mpera z’uyu mwaka, ibintu bikazajya ku murongo mu mezi ya mbere y’umwaka wa 2022.

Nta kigaragaza ariko ko ibiciro bizaba byamaze gutumbagira bizasubira hasi.

Muri raporo ya buri kwezi, IEA yavuze ko peteroli izakenerwa ku isi mu 2022 izazamukaho utungunguru 210,000 ku munsi, ku buryo peteroli izakenerwa muri uwo mwaka izagera ku tugunguru miliyoni 99.6 ku munsi.

Ni imibare iri hejuru y’iyari igezweho na mbere y’uko icyorezo cya COVID-19 cyaduka.