Muri Senegal haratangira inama mpuzamahanga yiswe Africa Food Systems Summit yitabirwa n’Abakuru b’ibihugu, intiti, abacuruzi n’abandi bafite aho bahuriye n’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi muri Afurika.
Nubwo intego yabo ari ukurebera hamwe uko inzara yacika muri Afurika; intambara, imihindagurikire y’ikirere, gutakaza agaciro kw’amafaranga, indwara z’ibyorezo, ibiza kamere n’ibindi, biri mu bituma kuzagera kuri iriya ntego biri kure nk’ukwezi.
Muri iyo nama ibihugu byagize intambwe bitera mu guhashya inzara bisangiza ibindi ubwo buhanga, urubyiruko rukerekwa akamaro n’ubufasha buhari mu byerekeye ubuhinzi n’ubworozi.
Inama iri kubera i Dakar ije ikurikira izindi nkayo zabereye mu Rwanda muri Werurwe na Nzeri, 2024.
Iy’uyu mwaka iritabirwa n’abantu 600, bakazareba cyanecyane uruhare rw’urubyiruko mu kuzamura umusaruro w’ubuhinzi muri Afurika binyuze mu kongerera agaciro ibikomoka ku buhinzi cyangwa ku bworozi.
I Kigali niho hasanzwe hari icyicaro gikuru cy’ubunyamabanga bukuru bw’Ihuriro Nyafurika ku buhinzi n’ibiribwa.
Igitekerezo cyo gushinga iyi Nama cyaturutse ku buyobozi bukuru bw’Ikigo AGRA gisanzwe gishinzwe iterambere ry’ubuhinzi muri Afurika, kigeze kumara igihe kirekire kiyoborwa n’Umunyarwandakazi Dr. Agnes Kalibata.
Ubu AGRA iyoborwa na Dr. Alice Ruhezwa wagiye muri izi nshingano muri Werurwe, 2025.
Kwihaza mu biribwa muri Afurika bihagaze gute?
Abatuye uyu mugabane nibo bashonje kurusha abandi bose batuye isi.
Imibare yerekana ko mu mwaka wa 2023, abaturage ba Afurika bangana na 58% bari bashonje cyane.
Ni bwikube kabiri ku mibare yerekana uko ahandi bashonje, ikaba yararushijeho kugira ubukana kubera ingaruka za COVID-19, icyorezo cyateye isi yose gihagarika ubukungu bwayo mu gihe cy’imyaka ibiri, ubu ikaba iri kurwana no kuzanzamuka.
COVID-19 yaje isanga n’ubundi uyu mugabane ushonje kubera ko udakoresha ikoranabuhanga rihanitse mu buhinzi no mu bworozi.
Umwinshi mu musaruro ukomoka kuri ibyo byombi uribwa utongererewe ubwiza, ukaribwa ari muke kandi ugasaranganywa abantu benshi biganjemo urubyiruko.
Intambara zidasiba mu bice bya Afurika zibuza abantu guhinga, korora cyangwa gukora indi mirimo ituma bagira ubuzima bwiza bityo gusonza bikagera kuri benshi.
Imihindagurikire y’ikirere yatumye ibihe byo kugwa kw’imvura n’iby’umucyo bihindagurika bityo ibihingwa byinshi ntibyerera igihe kuko hari n’ibyumira mu mirima bidateye kabiri.
Umusaruro muto mu buhinzi utuma ibiciro by’ibiribwa ku isoko bizamuka, bigatuma amafaranga abantu bari basanzwe bahahisha yiyongera hanyuma ayo kwivuzara, kwiga amashuri, ingendo n’ibindi akagabanuka.
Ruswa, ikimenyane n’ibindi biranga imiyoborere mibi bigira ingaruka ku buzima rusange bw’abaturage bityo n’icyizere bafitiye inzego kikagabanuka.
Aha ni hamwe mu haturuka za coup d’états n’ibindi bikorwa bya politiki bibuza abantu amahwemo no guhinga cyangwa korora bikananirana.
Raporo yitwa ForeSight Africa 2023 ivuga ko mu mwaka wa 2022 muri Afurika yose hari hatuye abantu miliyoni 20 bari bashonje cyane kandi hafi miliyoni 10 muri bo bari abana.
Aka kaga katewe ahanini n’izuba ryacanye henshi kuri uyu mugabane bituma muri Afurika y’Uburasirazuba ( Kenya, Somalia, Uganda na Sudani y’Epfo) hapfa amatungo miliyoni ebyiri.
Umuhati Afurika yari yarihaye w’uko izageza mu mwaka wa 2025 ifite aho igeze yihaza mu biribwa nawo waratsitaye bituma hari ibice by’uyu mugabane biteza neza ngo ababituye barye bahage.
Afurika ntiyacitse intege
Mu nyandiko yerekana ibyo abitabiriye inama Africa Foods Systems Forum yabereye i Kigali mu mwaka wa 2024 biyemeje, handitsemo ko kugira ngo uyu mugabane uzihaze mu biribwa bikenewe cyane ko urubyiruko rubijyamo.
Umuyobozi w’Inama y’ubutegetsi( Board) ya AGRA witwa Hailemariam Dessalegn wahoze uyobora Ethiopia yanditse mu ijambo ry’ibanze ry’iyo raporo ko inzego za politiki zikwiye guha imbaraga ubuhinzi n’ubworozi.
Dessalegn yanditse ko bikwiye ko abashoramari bafatanya n’inzego za Leta mu bihugu byabo bagashyira amafaranga mu ikoranabuhanga ry’ubuhinzi kandi Banki zigatekereza uko hashyirwaho inguzanyo kuri ba rwiyemezamirimo bashaka gushora mu buhinzi bakazishyura ku rwunguko ruto.
Kuri we, abenshi muri abo ba rwiyemezamirimo bagomba kuba ari urubyiruko kuko ari rwo rwinshi kandi rufite igihe gihagije cyo kubyaza umusaruro ubuhinzi n’ubworozi.
Perezida Paul Kagame nawe yavuze ko hakiri byinshi byo gukora kugira ngo abahinzi bazamure umusaruro wabo, ingo zihaze mu biribwa, zisagurire n’amasoko.
Icyo gihe Kagame yabwiye abari aho ko ikoranabuhanga rigomba kumanuka rikagera no mu murima kugira ngo ibishoboka byose ngo umusaruro mu bihinzi wiyongere, bikorwe.
Imibare yerekana ko Afurika ituwe n’abantu Miliyari.1.55, Nigeria ikaba igihugu cyayo cya mbere gituwe cyane kuko ituwe n’abantu Miliyoni 237.
Ibindi bihugu bibiri bituwe kurusha ibindi ni Ethiopia na Misiri.
