Ishami ry’Umuryango w’abibumbye ryita ku bana, ishami ry’u Rwanda, ryatangaje ko ryatangiye gukoresha imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi mu rwego rwo gufasha mu kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere.

Ku rukuta rwa Twitter rw’iri shami, handitse ko bahisemo gukoresha imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi mu rwego rwo gufasha u Rwanda mu mushinga warwo wo kugabanya ibyuka byangiza ikirere.

Kubera iyi mpamvu, ngo ririya shami rigiye gutangira kuva mu ugukoresha imodoka zisanzwe zitwara na ‘essence’ cyangwa ‘mazout’ ahubwo ikoreshe imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi.

UNICEF niyo ibimburiye indi miryango ya UN mu gukoresha imodoka zidasohora imyotsi.

Intego yayo ngo ni ugufasha abana kudahumeka umwuka wanduye.

Muri Mata, 2021 Guverinoma y’u Rwanda  yashyizeho uburyo bwo korohereza abantu ku giti cyabo n’ibigo gutunga no gukoresha imodoka zifashisha amashanyarazi, binyuze mu gukuraho imisoro no kugabanya ikiguzi cy’amashanyarazi bikoresha.

Inama y’Abaminisitiri yabaye ku wa 14 Mata, 2021 yemeje politiki nshya yo gutwara abantu n’ibintu mu Rwanda, n’ingamba nshya zerekeye ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi.

Zikubiyemo uburyo bwo korohereza abakeneye kugura imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi gusa n’izikoresha amashanyarazi n’imbaraga za moteri (plug-in hybrid electric & hybrid electric).

Ni gahunda izatanga umusanzu munini mu kurengera ibidukikije, kuko imodoka zikoresha ibikomoka kuri peteroli nka mazutu zohereza imyuka myinshi mu kirere kandi igihumanya.

Inyandiko Taarifa yabonye icyo gihe yagaragazaga ko mu byemezo byafashwe hakubiyemo kugabanya ikiguzi cy’ingufu z’amashanyarazi, imisoro no koroshya uburyo bwo kubona ibikorwa remezo bizafasha izo modoka kongerwamo amashanyarazi.

Ibijyanye n’imisoro

Guverinoma kandi icyo gihe yatangaje ko yasoneye umusoro ku nyongeragaciro (VAT) imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, ibyuma bisimbura ibindi( spare parts), batiri zazo n’ibikoresho bikenerwa mu kuzongeramo umuriro.

Izo modoka n’ibikoresho byanasonewe amahoro ku bicuruzwa byinjira mu gihugu n’umusoro ku byaguzwe.

Byasonewe  n’umusoro wa 5% ufatirwa ku bintu byatumijwe mu mahanga bigenewe gucuruzwa, iyo bigeze muri gasutamo.

Ubusanzwe gutumiza imodoka zikoresha lisansi cyangwa mazutu birahenze kuko zisabwa imisoro myinshi bitewe n’imbaraga za moteri cyangwa icyo imodoka izakoreshwa.

Iyo misoro yose ituma igiciro cy’imodoka mu Rwanda kirushaho kujya hejuru, ku buryo umuntu uguze imodoka hanze, imugeraho igiciro cyayo kimaze kwikuba kabiri wongeyeho  n’ikiguzi cyo kuyimuzanira.

Uku koroherezwa ku modoka z’amashanyarazi kuzanagera ku bigo bifite ishoramari ryo gukorera cyangwa guteranyiriza mu Rwanda imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi.

Bimwe mu byo bazoroherezwa harimo guhabwa igihe runaka bitishyura umusoro no kugabanyirizwa umusoro ku nyungu z’amasosiyete ukagera kuri 15%.

Ubusanzwe itegeko rishyiraho imisoro ku musaruro ryo mu 2018 riteganya ko inyungu z’isosiyete zishyurwaho umusoro ku gipimo cya 30%.

Ibiciro by’amashanyarazi

Imodoka nizigera mu gihugu, hateganyijwe ko kuzikoresha byazorohera abantu binyuze mu kugabanya igiciro cy’amashanyarazi zikoresha.

Nk’uko ubu dufite sitasiyo za lisansi na mazutu, ni nako hazakenerwa sitasiyo nyinshi zongera umuriro w’amashanyarazi muri batiri z’imodoka kandi ku giciro runaka.

Ayo mashanyarazi byemejwe ko azacuruzwa ku biciro nk’iby’inganda nini.

Ibiciro byatangajwe mu mwaka wa 2020  bigaragaza ko inganda nini zigura amashanyarazi ku Frw 94 kuri kilowatt imwe ku isaha (kWh).

Icyo giciro kiri hasi cyane kuko nko mu rugo rukoresha kWh hagati ya 15-50, kilowatt imwe ku isaha yishyurwa 212 Frw.

Biteganywa kandi ko ibyo biciro bizajya birushaho kugabanywa mu masaha amashanyarazi adakoreshwa cyane nko hagati ya saa tanu z’ijoro na saa mbili za mu gitondo.

Boroherejwe mu bikorwa remezo

U Rwanda kandi rwemeje ko abakeneye kubaka aho kongerera umuriro muri batiri z’imodoka bashobora gukodeshwa ubutaka ku buntu, igihe ari ubwa Leta.

Ibyo bikajyana n’uko mu mijyi nk’igihe hakorwa ibishushanyo mbonera, hazajya hanitabwa ku hantu hazubakwa sitasiyo zongera umuriro muri izi modoka na moto zikoresha amashanyarazi.

Gutanga ibyemezo byo kubaka izo sitasiyo kandi bizaba ari ubuntu.

Mu gihe izi modoka zizaba zimaze kugera ku isoko, hanateganyijwe ko mu modoka zikodeshwa na leta mu bikorwa byayo, izikoresha amashanyarazi zizajya zihabwa umwihariko.

Kugeza ubu isoko ryo mu Rwanda ryatangiye kwitabirwa n’ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi, aho kugeza ubu hari imodoka za Volkswagen Mobility Solutions na moto za Ampersand.

Icyo kigo gikora moto giherutse gukusanya miliyoni $3.5 zizifashishwa mu kongera moto zacyo ku isoko kimwe na sitasiyo zongeramo amashanyarazi.

Kivuga ko ishoramari rya miliyoni $75 ryatuma moto zose mu gihugu zikoresha amashanyarazi.

Mu mezi ashize, Volkswagen yafunguye ahantu hashya hongererwa umuriro mu modoka zayo ku bufatanye bwa Siemens na Radisson Blue Hotel.

Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yiyemeje kugabanya imyuka yangiza ikirere ho 38% bitarenze umwaka wa 2030.

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cyo kubungabunga Ibidukikije (REMA) mu 2017 bwagaragaje ko ibiza ku isonga mu guhumanya umwuka uhumekwa mu Rwanda harimo umwotsi w’imodoka, imyotsi y’amakara n’inkwi.

Ibyo bigaterwa n’uko 95.2% y’imodoka ziri mu Rwanda zimaze imyaka irenga 10 zikozwe; 56.6 % zakozwe mbere yo mu 1999 naho 77.2% zakozwe mbere ya 2000.

Ibikorwa byo kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ibihe biteganywa n’izi ngamba byose hamwe bizatwara miliyari $11.

Harimo miliyari $5.7 agenewe ibikorwa byo kugabanya imihindagurikire y’ibihe na miliyari $5.3 zagenewe ibikorwa byo guhangana n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe.

Biteganywa ko aya mafaranga amwe azaturuka mu mu mutungo w’igihugu andi akava mu nkunga zizava hanze.

To reduce carbon emissions in #Rwanda, @unicefrw has begun the transition to vehicles that use renewable energy.

Check out the office's new hybrid car that marks our transition into green mobility.#ForEveryChild, a healthy environment. pic.twitter.com/11hjktWgCr

— UNICEF Rwanda (@unicefrw) December 23, 2022