Ubushakashatsi bushya bwerekana ko kuba umubyeyi bishobora kuba uburyo bwo kwihindura no kumenyera inshingano nshya bigafasha ubwonko gukora neza.
Impinduka z’ubwonko zijyana no kuba umubyeyi ntiziterwa gusa no gutwita kw’abagore.
Abashakashatsi basanze no kwita ku mwana ubwabyo bishobora kugira uruhare mu guhindura uburyo ubwonko bukora, cyane cyane mu bice bifitanye isano no kwita ku bandi, impuhwe, no gusobanukirwa imibereho y’abantu.
Umugore umwe aherutse kubwira National Geographic ati: “Igihe umukobwa wanjye yavukaga, kumwonsa buri masaha atatu byasaga n’urwenya rubi. Buri masaha atatu, ku manywa na nijoro, uwo mwana muto yagombaga kongera kundeba akonka. Hanyuma akongera, akongera, bityo bityo…”
Avuga ko kubona amashereka ubwabyo byari ikibazo ariko kiyongeraga ku kindi cy’umunaniro ukabije.
Umwana yabaga akeneye konka, adashobora gutegereza bityo Nyina akumva atazabivamo.
Yemeza ko igitutu yaterwaga no konsa cyatumaga hari ibindi yibagirwaga gukora nko gufunga firigo nyuma yo kuyikoresha, byose akabikora azirikana ko agomba kwita kuri icyo kibondo uko byagenda kose.
Mu myaka myinshi, ibintu nk’ibi abahanga bise “ubwonko bw’umugore” (mom brain), akenshi abantu bumvaga ari urwenya abagore baba batera.
Ariko ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko gutwita atari byo byonyine bituma ubwonko bw’umuntu buhinduka bukaba ubw’umubyeyi wonsa, ahubwo n’ubwonko bw’abagabo bafite abana bato nabwo ntibubura kugira impinduka iyo bamarana nabo igihe.
Kimwe mu bibuhindura ni uko iyo ubyaye, uba ugomba kumenyereza ubwonko bwawe impinduka zo kurera.
Bimwe mu bimenyetso bikomeye by’impinduka z’ibinyabuzima byabyaye, byagaragaye mu bushakashatsi bwakorewe ku bagore batwite.
Binyuze mu kwifashisha ikoranabuhanga bita MRI, Elseline Hoekzema n’abo bakorana basanze gutwita bifitanye isano n’impinduka mu miterere no mu mikorere y’ubwonko, cyane cyane mu bice bifasha umuntu gusobanukirwa abandi no kwitekerezaho.
Hoekzema asobanura ko abantu benshi bibeshyaga ko kugabanuka kw’uduce tumwe tw’ubwonko tugize igice gifata mu mutwe bita ‘gray matter’ bivuze ko ubwonko bw’umubyeyi buba buri gutakaza imbaraga.
Ati: “Ijambo ‘mom brain’ rifite ukundi risobanurwa. Ariko ubushakashatsi bwacu ntibwerekana ko ubushobozi bw’ubwonko bugabanuka, ahubwo bwerekana ko buba buri kwihugura no kwiyungura ubushobozi bushya buzafasha umubyeyi kwita kuri izo nshingano nshya.”
Guhinduka k’ubwonko ntibivuze ko buri gihe haba hari ikibura.
Nk’uko mu gihe cy’ubugimbi n’ubwangavu ubwonko bwisuganya kugira ngo bukore neza kurushaho, no gutwita bishobora kuba kimwe mu byiciro bikomeye by’impinduka zabwo.
Kwita ku mwana ubwabyo bihindura ubwonko.
Ubushakashatsi bushya bwasuzumye ikibazo kirenze gutwita:
Bigenda bite igihe umuntu ahora yumva umwana arira, akamenya uko ateye, akamurinda ibyago, kandi agahindura ubuzima bwe bwose kugira ngo amurengere?
James Swain, umuganga w’indwara zo mu mutwe n’umushakashatsi ku isano iri hagati y’umubyeyi n’umwana avuga ko kuba umubyeyi ari ikintu ‘gikomeye cyane’ gishobora guhindura ubwonko.
Yasanze ubwonko bw’abagore babyaye byarahinduye imikorere guhera igihe bumvaga umwana wabo arize bwa mbere, ni ukuvuga ubwo yavukaga.
Ubwonko bw’abagabo bwo bwabanje kugaragaza ishusho itandukanye niyo, ariko nyuma y’amezi make ‘bwatangiye’ kugaragaza impinduka mu bice bifitanye isano n’amarangamutima no gushishikarira kwita ku mwana.
Swain ati: “Ubwonko bw’ababyeyi b’abagabo nyuma y’amezi atandatu burahinduka ariko ntibube busa n’ubw’abagore. Si uko bugenda buhinduka nk’ubw’abagore ahubwo nabwo bunyura mu yindi nzira.”
Ubushakashatsi buyobowe na Ruth Feldman wo muri Kaminuza yitwa Bar-Ilan University bwerekanye ko iyo abagabo bagira uruhare runini mu kwita ku bana, bagaragaza ibikorwa byinshi mu bice by’ubwonko bwabo bifitanye isano n’amarangamutima, harimo n’agace kitwa ‘Amygdala’, bigakorwa mu buryo busa n’uko bigenda ku bwonko bw’abagore.
Nanone, ubushakashatsi bwa Darby Saxbe bwakurikiranye abantu igihe kirekire bwerekanye ko abagabo nabo bagaragaza impinduka z’imiterere y’ubwonko nyuma yo kubona umwana wabo avutse, cyane cyane mu bice bifitanye isano n’impuhwe no gusobanukirwa abandi.
Mu bushakashatsi bumwe, abahanga basanze uko umuntu yarushagaho kugira uruhare mu kwita ku mwana, ari nako habagaho impinduka z’ubwonko bwe mu buryo bugaragara cyane.
Kuki kwita ku mwana bisaba ubwitange bwinshi?
Burya kandi ubwonko ntibuhinduka bwonyine.
Valentina Rotondi, umwarimu muri Kaminuza yitwa University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, avuga ko ubuzima bwa buri munsi bw’umuntu wita ku mwana ari ingenzi mu gusobanukirwa izi mpinduka.
Ati: “Kwita ku mwana ni inshingano zihoraho zisaba kwitondera ibintu byinshi birimo amarangamutima no guhora witeguye gufasha undi muntu.”
Ibi birenze kubura ibitotsi kuko birimo no guteganya ibyo umwana azakenera, kugenzura umutekano we, gutunganya gahunda zireba uwo muntu ubikora no guhora umuntu yiteguye kumwitaho no mu gihe yaba atabangamiwe.
Rotondi avuga ko kwita ku mwana bisaba ko umuntu atanga igice kinini cy’ubushobozi bwe bwo kwita ku bintu, kandi ibyo bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwe bwa buri munsi nk’uko ibinyabuzima muri rusange bisanzwe bibikora.
Haracyari byinshi byo gusobanukirwa.
Abashakashatsi ntibaramenya neza impinduka ziterwa n’imisemburo ijyana no gutwita n’iziterwa no kwita ku mwana mu buryo bwa buri munsi.
Hari kandi ubumenyi buke bw’uko bigenda ku babyeyi barera abana batabyaye, nta n’ubumenyi bwinshi buraboneka bw’uko ubwonko bwa ba Sekuru, ba Nyirakuru, ba Nyirasenge naba Nyinawabo bukora iyo ari bo barera abo bana.
Ubundi se biba byifashe gute ku bantu babana bahuje ibitsina ariko barera abana ‘batabyaye’?
Ikindi kibazo ni ukumenya uko bigenda nanone ku muntu urera umwana badahuje umuco, ururimi cyangwa ibara ry’uruhu.
Nk’uko Rotondi abivuga: “Kwita ku bandi biragora kuko abantu babaho bakenera abandi. Ubugumba, uburwayi, gusaza no gukenera ubufasha si ibintu bidasanzwe mu buzima; ni kimwe mu bice by’ingenzi bigize ubuzima bwa muntu.”
Iyi nyandiko yerekana ko kuba umubyeyi ari ikintu kirenze gutwita ukabyara cyangwa kuba umugabo ufite umwana muto.
Ni impinduka ziba mu bwonko bw’umubyeyi wita ku mwana we kandi zishobora kuba ari zo zituma bigorana cyane kurera neza umwana utabyaye, ukamurera mu buryo busa n’uko wabikora uri kurera ‘uwawe bwite.’
Ntawabura no kwibaza uko bigenda mu bwonko bw’umubyeyi wajugunye umwana we, ibi bikaba cyane cyane ku bangavu batewe inda bagatereranwa.
