U Rwanda rwateye indi ntambwe ikomeye mu kubaka uburyo buhuriweho bwo kwishyurana hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga, nyuma y’aho Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda (BNR) irangije kwimura uburyo bwo kwishyurana bwari bushingiye ku masezerano hagati y’ibigo bibiri (bilateral payment arrangements), ikabushyira muri sisitemu imwe y’igihugu yitwa Rwanda National Digital Payment System (RNDPS), izwi nka eKash.
Iyi gahunda nshya isobanura ko kode z’abacuruzi (merchant codes) zikoreshwa muri Mobile Money zitakiri iz’umuyoboro runaka wonyine.
Uhereye ubu, umukiliya ashobora kwishyura akoresheje kode imwe y’umucuruzi, yaba akoresha MTN MoMo, Airtel Money cyangwa banki iri muri iyi gahunda.
Ibi bikuyeho imwe mu mbogamizi zikomeye zari zibangamiye uburyo bwo kwishyurana hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga mu Rwanda.
Iri vugurura ntirigarukira gusa ku kwishyura abacuruzi, ahubwo rirebana no guhuza konti za banki n’amafaranga abitswe kuri Mobile Money. Abakiliya bashobora ubu kohereza no kwakira amafaranga hagati ya konti za banki na Mobile Money binyuze kuri sisitemu imwe ihuriweho,
Bije gusimbura uburyo bwari bushingiye ku masezerano hagati ya buri banki n’ikigo gitanga serivisi za Mobile Money (Electronic Money Issuer).
Ibi bituma konti za banki n’iza Mobile Money zose zikorera ku muyoboro umwe w’igihugu, aho gukoresha uburyo butandukanye bwari bwarashyizweho kuri buri muyoboro.
Mu myaka yashize, abacuruzi benshi basabwaga kugira kode nyinshi cyangwa amasezerano atandukanye kugira ngo bashobore kwakira ubwishyu buvuye ku bakiliya bakoresha serivisi za Mobile Money zitandukanye.
Ubu buryo bushya buje gusimbura iyo gahunda yose, bugashyiraho urubuga rumwe rw’igihugu ruhuza amabanki n’ibigo bitanga serivisi z’imari, bityo ibikorwa byose byo kwishyurana bikanyura muri sisitemu imwe.
Mu itangazo ryashyizweho umukono na Guverineri wa Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda, Soraya M. Hakuziyaremye, BNR yasobanuye ko mbere yo kwimurira ibikorwa byose muri eKash habanje gukorwa isuzuma rya tekiniki ryimbitse, nyuma y’uko hagaragariye ibibazo by’imikorere, iby’ibikorwaremezo, kugenzura iby’ibikorwa bw’ubwishyu no gusuzuma uko urwego rw’imari rwiteguye kwakira izi mpinduka.
BNR yasabye amabanki, ibigo bitanga amafaranga y’ikoranabuhanga (Electronic Money Issuers) ndetse n’ikigo gicunga sisitemu y’igihugu yo kwishyurana gukora ibizamini no kugaragaza ko byiteguye mbere yo guhagarika uburyo bwa kera bwo guhererekanya amafaranga hagati ya konti za banki na Mobile Money.
Iri vugurura rinakuraho ikiguzi n’uburyo bukomeye byaterwaga n’uko buri kigo cyagombaga kubaka no kubungabunga uburyo bwacyo bwo guhuza ibikorwa n’ibindi bigo.
Ubu, aho kugira ngo buri banki cyangwa ikigo cya Mobile Money cyubake uburyo bwo kwihuza n’ibindi byose, ubu byose byihuriza rimwe na eKash, bikagabanya amafaranga akoreshwa, gusubiramo ibikorwa bimwe ndetse n’ingorane z’imikorere byahuraga nazo.
Ku bacuruzi, iri hinduka rizoroshya kwakira ubwishyu buciye mu ikoranabuhanga kandi ntibagikeneye kwerekana cyangwa gucunga kode zitandukanye za Mobile Money bitewe n’umuyoboro ukoreshwa n’umukiliya.
Kode imwe y’umucuruzi ishobora kwakira ubwishyu buturutse ku bakoresha amabanki cyangwa Mobile Money zose ziri muri iyi gahunda, bikorohereza abacuruzi n’abakiliya.
Mu gihe iyi nkuru yandikwaga, abakoresha Airtel Money bari batangiye gukoresha ubu buryo bushya bwo kwishyura hakoreshejwe kode imwe y’igihugu.
Gusa abakoresha MTN MoMo bo bari batarabasha gukoresha iyi serivisi, bikaba byerekana ko MTN yari itararangiza gushyira mu bikorwa iri vugurura ku bakiliya bayo, nubwo igihe ntarengwa cyari cyaragenwe na BNR cyari cyarangiye.
Ibigo by’imari birebwa n’iki cyemezo bigomba kucyubahiriza, kandi kutayubahiriza bishobora gutuma hafatwa ingamba z’ubugenzuzi cyangwa iz’amategeko igihe BNR isanze ibisabwa bitarubahirijwe.
Biteganyijwe kandi ko ubu buryo bushya buzarushaho kongera ubwizerwe bw’ubwishyu, koroshya ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’udushya mu rwego rwo kwishyurana hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga no gufasha BNR gukurikirana neza urwego rw’imari rukoresha ikoranabuhanga rukomeje kwaguka mu Rwanda.
Iri vugurura riteganyijwe kwihutisha ikoreshwa ry’uburyo bwo kwishyura hadakoreshejwe amafaranga afatika (cashless payments) no gufasha u Rwanda gukomeza urugendo rwo kuba kimwe mu bihugu bya Afurika biza imbere mu bukungu bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga.
