Somalia yongeye kwibasirwa n’inzara n’imirire mibi, aho abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 6 ubu bafite ikibazo gikomeye cy’ibura ry’ibiribwa.
Umuryango w’Abibumbye (UN) uvuga ko iki kibazo giterwa n’uruhurirane rw’amapfa, amakimbirane, ubuhunzi, izamuka ry’ibiciro ndetse no kugabanuka gukabije kw’imfashanyo mpuzamahanga.
Ikibazo cyarushijeho gukomera mu 2026, nyuma y’uko muri iki gihugu haguye imvura nke cyane.
Ibi byatumye imirima idatanga umusaruro, amatungo menshi arapfa, amasoko y’ibiribwa arahungabana, ndetse imiryango myinshi itakaza uburyo bwari busanzwe buyibeshejo.
Ikigega mpuzamahanga cy’ibiribwa WFP cyavuze ko Somalia iri mu bihugu 13 ku isi bifite ahantu hashobora kurushaho kwibasirwa n’inzara ikomeye hagati ya Kamena(8) na Ugushyingo(11) 2026.
Abaturage bagera kuri miliyoni 6 barugarijwe
Raporo z’Umuryango w’Abibumbye zigaragaza ko abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 6 bugarijwe cyane n’iyo nzara.
Muri bo, hafi miliyoni 2 bari mu cyiciro cyo kuba bazambijwe nayo, bivuze ko bashobora no gupfa.
Abana ni bo bari mu kaga gakomeye kurusha abandi nk’uko UNICEF ibyemeza.
Iri shami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku bana rivuga ko mu 2026 abana hafi miliyoni 1.9 bari munsi y’imyaka itanu bafite umirire mibi bikabije, muri bo hafi 500,000 bakaba bashobora gukenera ubuvuzi bwihutirwa kubera imirire mibi ikabije cyane.
Umubare w’abana bagezwa ku bigo nderabuzima kubera imirire mibi ikabije n’ingaruka zayo wariyongereyeho 32% mu gice cya mbere cya 2026.
Amapfa ni yo ntandaro ikomeye
Impamvu ya mbere y’iki kibazo ni amapfa amaze igihe kirekire. Imvura nke kandi idahagije yagiye ikurikirana mu bice bitandukanye bya Somalia, bituma amazi yo kunywa n’ayo kuhira imyaka abura.
Ubuhinzi n’ubworozi, ari byo abaturage benshi bashingiraho mu mibereho, byaragakubitikiye.
Ibihingwa byarabuze, amatungo arapfa cyangwa aragabanuka, bityo imiryango itakaza ibyo kurya ndetse n’amafaranga yakuraga mu kugurisha umusaruro cyangwa amatungo.
UN ivuga kandi ko impinduka z’ikirere zigenda zongera ubukana bw’ibi bibazo, kuko Somalia ihura n’ibihe by’amapfa bikomeye bikurikirwa rimwe na rimwe n’imyuzure yangiza imyaka n’imitungo.
Intambara na yo iri kongera inzara
Ikindi kibazo gikomeye ni amakimbirane n’umutekano muke, cyane cyane ibikorwa by’umutwe wa Al-Shabaab.
Intambara ituma abaturage bava mu byabo, bakimukira mu bindi bice bashaka umutekano n’ibiribwa.
Abaturage barenga 500,000 bimuwe mu byabo mu mezi atatu ya mbere ya 2026, kandi abagore n’abana bagize hafi 85% by’abimuwe.
Iyo abaturage bimuwe, akenshi basiga imirima yabo, amatungo n’indi mitungo, bakajya mu nkambi z’abimuwe imbere mu gihugu. Aho hantu na ho usanga amazi, ibiribwa, ubuvuzi n’isuku bidahagije.
Ibi kandi bituma ibiciro by’ibiribwa n’ubukungu birushaho kuzamuka, abaturage ntibashobore kubyigondera.
Kugabanuka k’umusaruro w’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi byatumye ibiribwa bigabanuka ku isoko.
UN inavuga ko izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ibikomoka kuri peteroli n’ifumbire, hamwe n’ingaruka z’amakimbirane mpuzamahanga, biri kongera ikiguzi cyo gutwara no gutanga ibiribwa muri Somalia.
Ibi bituma imiryango ikennye idashobora kugura ibiribwa bihagije.
Muri Gicurasi(5) 2026, inzego za UN n’izindi zatangaje ko hari ibice bya Somalia byongeye kugira ibyago byo kwibasirwa n’inzara ikabije, ku nshuro ya mbere kuva mu mwaka wa 2022.
Akarere ka Burhakaba, mu Ntara ya Bay mu Majyepfo ya Somalia, kari mu duce twibasiwe.
Raporo zerekanye ko abarenga 37% by’abana bato muri ako karere bafite imirire mibi cyane.
WFP nayo yashyize Somalia ku rutonde rw’ibihugu aho ikibazo cy’inzara gishobora kurushaho gukomera mu mezi ari imbere.
Bavuga ko amapfa, umusaruro muke, amakimbirane n’ingaruka z’amakimbirane mpuzamahanga ari byo byongera ibyago.
Leta ya Somalia iri gukora iki?
Leta ya Somalia yatangiye kongera ibikorwa byo guhangana n’iki kibazo.
Ku wa 5 Gashyantare(2) 2026, Guverinoma y’iki gihugu yakoresheje ku nshuro ya mbere politiki yiswe National Preparedness Plan for Food and Nutrition Security Crises, gahunda y’igihugu igamije gutegura no guhuza igisubizo ku bibazo by’ibiribwa n’imirire.
Ikigo cya Leta gishinzwe imicungire y’ibiza, SoDMA, kiri gukorana n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye n’abafatanyabikorwa mu gutanga ubufasha bwihutirwa, harimo ibiribwa, amazi, ubuvuzi n’ubufasha ku miryango yibasiwe n’amapfa kurusha indi.
SoDMA n’abafatanyabikorwa kandi bari gushaka kongera ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’amapfa no gufasha abaturage bafite ibibazo bikomeye by’ibiribwa.
Leta yanakomeje gusaba abafatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga n’abaterankunga kongera inkunga.
Ariko ikibazo gikomeye ni ukubura amafaranga y’imfashanyo
Nubwo ibikorwa byo gutabara bikomeje, amafaranga yo gufasha Somalia yaragabanutse cyane mu gihe umubare w’abakeneye ubufasha wo wiyongera.
World Food Program ivuga ko ubu ifite umutungo ungana hafi na kimwe cya cumi cy’uwo yari ifite mu 2022, ubwo Somalia nabwo yari yugarijwe n’amapfa akomeye ariko ataragera ku rwego rwo kwitwa inzara.
Kubera ubushobozi buke, WFP ivuga ko ubu yibanda cyane ku bana bafite imirire mibi ikabije kurusha abandi.
UNICEF na yo yatangaje ko ibigo nderabuzima 205 byitaga ku mirire y’abana byamaze gufungwa kubera kugabanuka kw’imfashanyo, kandi ko ibindi bigo bigera kuri 618 bishobora guhagarika ibikorwa mu gihe inkunga itaba ibonetse.
Ibi bivuze ko abana bafite imirire mibi batazashobora kugera kwa muganga, n’abagezeyo bakahagera bazahaye cyane ndetse bagapfa bataragera yo.
Abakozi b’imiryango itanga ubutabazi bavuga ko isi idakwiye gutegereza ko inzara itangazwa ku mugaragaro kugira ngo itabare.
Mu bice bimwe, ibimenyetso byerekana ko ikibazo cyamaze gukomera cyane, mu gihe ubushobozi bwo gutabara bwo bugenda bugabanuka.
Icyakora, kuba hari ibyago by’inzara ntibivuze ko Somalia yamaze kugera ku rwego rw’inzara mu gihugu cyose.
Ahubwo bivuze ko hari uduce dushobora kugera kuri urwo rwego mu gihe amapfa yaba akomeje. ibiciro bikazamuka, umusaruro ugakomeza kuba muke kandi imfashanyo ntiziboneke ku rugero rukenewe.
Ikibazo cya Somalia ni urugero ry’uko amapfa, imihindagurikire y’ikirere, intambara, ubukene n’igabanuka ry’imfashanyo bishobora guhurira hamwe bigashyira miliyoni z’abantu mu kaga.
Ku bw’ibyo, UN n’abafatanyabikorwa basaba ko ubufasha bwihutirwa butangwa, ariko hakanashyirwa imbaraga mu kongera ubushobozi bw’abaturage bwo guhangana n’amapfa, kubungabunga amazi, kongera umusaruro w’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi no gushimangira umutekano mu gihugu no mu Karere kose.
