Amarira ni menshi mu baturage ba Pakistan kubera kubura ababo 900 bishwe n’imyuzure yatewe n’imvura idasanzwe yakoye mu bice bitandukanye by’iki gihugu gituranye n’u Buhinde.
Ikigo cya Pakistan gishinzwe kurwanya ibiza no gutabara abo byagizeho uruhare kitwa The National Disaster Management Authority cyatangaje ko hari abantu miliyoni 30 bagizweho ingaruka n’iriya myuzure k’uburyo inzu zabo zasenyutse abandi bava mu byabo barahunga.
N’ubwo n’abahitanywe n’umwuzure muri uyu mwaka atari bacye, ariko abo wahitanye mu mwaka wa 2010 bo bari benshi kurushaho kuko bageraga ku bantu 2,000.
Umuturage wo mu Ntara yitwa Sindh witwa Rahim Bakhsh yabwiye AFP ko mu buzima bwe bwose atigeze abona umwuzure nk’uwo aherutse kubona.
Itangazo riherutse gutangazwa na Minisitiri w’Intebe wa Pakistan rivuga ko kugeza ubu abantu miliyoni 33 ari bo bagizweho ingaruka n’uriya mwuzure.
Inzu zigera kuri 220, 000 zarasenyutse.
Hegitari miliyoni 2 z’ibihingwa byiganjemo ibinyampeke zatwawe n’amazi.
Hari raporo yitwa Global Climate Risk Index ivuga ko Pakistan ari igihugu cya munani ku isi kibaho cyugarijwe n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere.
Iyo iki gihugu gishyushye cyane, ubushyuhe bugera kuri 52 C ni ukuvuga hafi inshuro ebyiri z’ubushyuha umubiri w’umuntu ugenewe kugira.
Icyakora ni ubushyuhe bukunze kugaragara mu Gace ka Jacobabad mu Ntara ya Sindh.
Mu gihe aha haba hashyushye, mu Bilomotero 75 ugana ahitwa Sukkur , ugeraranyije ni nk’uko wava muri Rond Point yo mu Mujyi wa Kigali rwagati ukagera ahitwa Ntunga mu Karere ka Rwamagana, usanga ho hari ibyondo biterwa n’imvura idakuraho.
Ibiri kuba muri Pakistan ni ikimenyetso cy’inyongera cyerekana ko ikirere cyahinduye imikorere.
Mu gihe umwuzure ubamereye nabi, mu Burayi ho hashize iminsi inkongi ituma ntawe usinzira.
Ni umuriro waka nta kintu kiboneshwa amaso kiwakije.
Mu Gifaransa babyita Canicule.
Ni henshi mu Murwa mukuru, London, abaturage bari bamaze iminsi barayobotse inzuzi n’imigezi n’ahandi hari amasoko y’amazi ngo barebe ko bakaraba amazi menshi bityo ubushyuhe bugabanuke.
Mu bindi bihugu nk’u Bufaransa, Espagne, Portugal, u Butaliyani n’ahandi mu Majyepfo y’u Burayi hamaze iminsi inkongi ibarembeje.
Imihindagurikire y’ikirere niyo yatumye gishyuha k’uburyo inkongi ziri kwaduka henshi mu Burayi ndetse no mu bice bituriye inyanja ya Mediterranée.
Mu Ntara ya Bordeaux mu Bufaransa hari abaturage bagera ku 16,000 bamaze kwimurwa kugira ngo ubuzima bwabo burindwe uriya muriro.
Ubuso bungana na Hegitari 14,000 bwamaze kubarurwa ko ari bwo bwibasiwe n’uriya muriro.
Abahanga mu bumenyi bw’ikirere bavuga ko inkongi iri kugaragara mu Burayi ari umusogongero w’ibibi byinshi biri imbere.
Ni ibibi bizaterwa n’uko ikirere cyahindutse, bigatuma ahantu henshi hatakaza uburyo bwo guhangana n’ibyatera inkongi bityo mu mpeshyi umuriro ukahaduka.
Mu gihe mu Burayi bamerewe nabi kubera inkongi, mu Bushinwa n’aho ubushyuhe bwabaye bwinshi k’uburyo hari abantu bwahitanye kubera ko imibiri yabo yashizemo amazi.
Raporo nshya ku mihindagurikire y’ibihe yasohotse mu mpeshyi y’umwaka wa 2021 yagaragaje ko ibikorwa bya muntu bizatuma kugeza mu mwaka wa 2040 ubushyuhe bw’Isi bwiyongeraho nibura 1.5 C, ugereranyije n’ubushyuhe bwariho mbere y’umwaduko w’inganda.
Iyo raporo yakozwe n’akanama k’impuguke 234 zo mu bihugu 65 kiswe Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).
Ivuga ko n’ubwo habaho ingamba zihuse zo kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere, ubushyuhe bw’isi buzakomeza kuzamuka kugeza nibura mu 2050.
Mu gihe hadafashwe ingamba zihuse kandi zifatika mu kugabanya imyuka ya carbon dioxide (CO2) n’indi yangiza ikirere, ntabwo bizashoboka ko ishyuha ry’umubumbe riguma munsi ya 1.5C cyangwa 2C mbere y’umwaka wa 2100, nk’uko intego nyinshi ziriho ubu zibiteganya.
Ibyo bikazatuma mu bihe biri imbere ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe zikomeza kugaragara mu izuba ryinshi riteza amapfa, ubushyuhe bukabije cyangwa imvura igwa ari nyinshi igateza inkangu n’imyuzure.
Imibare igaragaza ko ziriya 1.5C na zo ziri hejuru, kuko nko mu mwaka wa 2020 ubushyuhe bwari bumaze kuzamukaho 1.2C na 1.1C urebye impuzandengo y’imyaka icumi ishize.
Aho hose ugenda ugereranya ubushyuhe bw’ubu n’ubwa mbere y’umwaduko w’inganda.
Iyo raporo nshya igaragaza ko igipimo cy’inyanja nacyo kizakomeza kuzamuka cyane ugereranyije n’aho zagarukiraga ku butaka muri iki kinyejana cya 21.
Kugeza mu 2100 gishobora kuzamuka hagati ya metero 0.28 na 0.62 mu gihe imyuka ihumanya yagabanywa cyane kugeza mu 2050, kikazamuka hagati ya metero 0.44 na 0.76 mu gihe yaguma aho iri uyu munsi; cyangwa hagati ya metero 0.63 na 1.01 mu gihe imyuka yakomeza kwiyongera.
Kim Cobb uri mu banditse iriya raporo yavuze ko izamuka ry’ubushyuhe rizagendana n’izindi ngaruka zirenze izo abantu bamaze igihe babona mu Isi ifite ubushyuhe bumaze kuzamukaho 1C cyangwa no munsi yaho.
Panmao Zhai uri mu bayoboye kariya kanama we yagize ati “Imihindagurikire y’ibihe irimo kugira ingaruka ku bice byose ku isi, mu buryo butandukanye. Impinduka tubona zizagenda zirushaho kwiyongera bijyanye n’izamuka ry’ubushyuhe bw’Isi.”
Imibare ya mbere y‘iyi raporo yagaragazaga ko mu Rwanda ubushyuhe bwazamutse ku gipimo mpuzandengo cya 1.4C kuva mu mwaka wa 1970, ndetse nta gikozwe buzagera kuri 2.5C bitarenze umwaka wa 2050.
Bivuze ko izuba cyangwa inkangu bishobora kuzaba byinshi kurushaho, ari nako bitwara ubuzima bw’abantu ndetse bikangiza ibyabo.
Bibarwa ko mu mwaka ushize imyuzure n’inkangu byahitanye abantu 270.
Mu gukumira ibyo byose, Leta iheruka gushyiraho gahunda zigamije kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ho 38% kugeza mu 2030, zizashorwamo miliyari $11.
Harimo miliyari $5.7 zizajya mu bikorwa byo kugabanya imihindagurikire y’ibihe na miliyari $5.3 zagenewe ibikorwa byo guhangana n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe.
Bivuze ko ibyo bikorwa nibigenda uko byateguwe, mu myaka icumi iri imbere ikigero cy’imyuka ihumanya ikirere kizaba gisigaye kuri 16%.
Imwe mu ngamba nshya ziheruka harimo ko Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yorohereje abantu gutunga no gukoresha imodoka zifashisha amashanyarazi, binyuze mu gukuraho imisoro no kugabanya ikiguzi cy’amashanyarazi bikoresha.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu 2017 bwagaragaje ko ibiza ku isonga mu guhumanya umwuka mu Rwanda ari umwotsi w’imodoka, imyotsi y’amakara n’inkwi.
Izo gahunda zizunganirwa no kubahiriza ibyavuguruwe mu masezerano ya Montréal agamije kurinda akayunguruzo k’izuba, binyuze mu guhagarika ikoreshwa ry’ibyuma bikonjesha mu nyubako byifashisha ibinyabutabire bya Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs).
Ni igikorwa cyuzuzanya n’amasezerano ya Paris yerekeye kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ibihe, yemeranyijweho mu Ukuboza 2015.
