Mu buzima hari ibintu bibiri bitangaza abantu kurusha ibindi. Gusaza no gusinzira. Gusaza ni byo ni ikindi kindi. Abantu bibaza ikintu kiba mu mubiri w’umuntu gituma umusore w’inkorokoro ahinduka umusaza rukukuri, inkumi y’ikimero ikaba umukecuru uta inkonda!
Gusaza ni ikibazo kubera ko bitera ubumuga kandi bikica.
Abahanga bazi ko mu mubiri w’umuntu habamo uturemangingo fatizo duhinduka, uko ibihe bisimburana.
Utwo turemangingo bita cells turapfa tugasimburwa n’utundi dushya gutyo gutyo…
Iyo mikorere iba ifite imbaraga kandi ikorana neza mu myaka ikiri mito y’umuntu, ariko uko agenda akura birahinduka, twa turemangingo ntitwiyuburure ku muvuduko dusanganywe.
Dutangira kugenda buhoro buhoro, umuntu nawe agatakaza isura yari afite, ubunini bw’imikaya|(muscles) yari afite bukagabanuka, igihe yamaraga asinziriye kikagabanuka, mbese muri rusange, umubiri ugatangira gukora gahoro cyane.
Indi mpamvu abahanga bavuga ko itera gusaza ni ibyo abana bakomora kuri ba Se cyangwa ba Nyina.
Bageraranya gusaza k’umuntu no gusaza kw’imodoka kubera ko imodoka nshya iba ifite uburyo bwo guhangana n’imiyaga, ivumbi, ibitonyanga n’ibindi ariko ko uko igihe gishira ubwo bushobozi buragabanuka, itiyo isohora umwotsi igatoboka, amapine agashiraho amano, amatara ntamurike neza…imodoka ikaba irashaje.
Abemera ko umuntu asaza kuko ‘ari ko zamuremye’(genetics) babishingira ku ngingo y’uko muri we harimo gahunda yemeza ko buri kinyabuzima kigira igihe gitangirira kubaho, kikazagira n’igihe cyo kuzima, kikavaho.
Ibi bishingiye ku turemangingo tw’ibinyabuzima ndetse kubera iyo mpamvu abahanga bavuga ko igihe umuntu cyangwa ikindi kinyabuzima kimara ku isi, gishobora kongerwa binyuze mu guhindura akaremangingo kagahabwa ubushobozi bwo kudasaza, kagakomeza kwiyuburura.
Mu buryo busobanuwe bya gihanga, kugira ngo akaremangingo gasaze biterwa n’uko igice gishinzwe kugahuza n’akandi ngo bikomereze gukorana nk’uko bisanzwe( icyo gice bakita telomeres)gikweduka bityo kakabura uburinzi( akaremangingo) bwatumaga karamba, bitaguma gasaza.
Uduce duhuza uturemangingo abahanga batwita chromosomes.
Iyo akaremangingo kigabanyije inshuro imwe, gatakaza telomeres ziri hagati ya 50 na 100.
Uko iyo mikorere ikorwa igihe kirekire niko igenda itakaza ubushobozi bityo n’uturemangingo ntitwikore nk’uko bisanzwe ku muntu ukiri muto.
Telomeres nazo zigira umusemburo bita telomerase uzifasha ‘kutapfa gupfa’.
Iyi misemburo abize ibinyabuzima bayita ‘enzyme.’
N’ubwo telomeres ari ingenzi mu gutuma umuntu aramba, abahanga bavuga ko abantu babaho bahangayitse kubera isi ya none, telomeres zabo zitaramba.
Batanga urugero rw’Abirabura bo muri Amerika bahora ku nkeke ikomoka ku ivangura bakorerwa na bagenzi babo b’ Abanyamerika.
Iyi ngingo yemeza ibikunze kuvugwa ko abantu bahangayika cyane bataramba.
Birushaho gushimangirwa n’ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’abo muri Kaminuza ya California bwerekanye ko abantu barya imboga n’imbuto nyinshi, bagakora imyitozo ngororamubiri, bakirinda rwaserera za hato na hato bagira telomeres ziyongereyeho 10% ugereranyije n’abandi.
Abanyarwanda bajya batebwa bagira bati: “ Iyo ushaje uba ushaje n’iyo ugenda urajegera”
Iyi mvugo ni ukuri kubera ko burya gusaza bigera ku ngingo zose zigize umuntu.
Bihera mu rwungano ngogozi, mu rw’umutima n’imitsi, urwo kurinda indwara, amagufa, imitsi n’imikaya.
Urebye nta rugingo rusigara uko rwahoze.
Mu buryo butangaje ariko buhuje n’ukuri, ubwonko bwo ntibusaza nk’uko izindi ngingo bizigendekera!
Ku muntu ukuze, ikibazo agira cyane ni icy’amagufa kuko amagufa biyagora kwiremamo imbaraga kuko n’ubundi burya amagufa ateye nk’uruhombo.
Imbere muri yo habamo umusokoro.
Umusokoro ni urugenda rukora iby’ibanze igufa rikenere ngo rikomeze gukomera ariko umusokoro w’umuntu ushaje ntuba ugikora akazi kawo.
Umubyimba w’amagufa y’abantu bafite hagati y’imyaka 30 n’imyaka 60 uragabanuka cyane kandi biba ku bagore no ku bagabo.
½ cy’umubyimba w’amagufa y’umuntu ufite hagati y’imyaka 30 n’imyaka 70 kiratakara, akagumana ibinure byinshi mu ruhu rwe.
Ku byerekeye umutima, imitsi n’ibihaha, abahanga bavuga ko byo ari inyama zaremewe kuramba kurusha izindi.
Ikibazo zihura nacyo ni itabi, inzoga ndetse no kudakora imyitozo ngororamubiri ihagije.
Itabi n’inzoga bifunga imitsi y’umutima ntushobore gusunika neza amaraso, rimwe rero ukazahagarara.
Ibihaha byo byaragatoye kubera ko akenshi imiterere y’ikirere(izuba, ivumbi, imvura n’ikibunda…) ituma ibihaha bihura n’imyanda cyangwa ibindi bintu bituma bizarwara mu gihe kiri imbere.
Ibyago bikomeye umuntu ushaje ahura nabyo ni ugusaza k’ubwonko no gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kwimenya no kwibuka.
Ni ikibazo bita dementia.
National Geographic ivuga ko akarusho k’ubwonko ari uko bufite uturemangingo twinshi k’uburyo niyo hagize udutakara kubera gusaza, buba bufite utundi bwabitse.
Imwe mu mpamvu zifasha ubwonko kudasaza ni ukubukoresha, ugasoma ibitabo.
Nk’uko imikaya y’umuntu ukora siporo yo kwiruka ikomezwa no kuyikora, ubwonko bw’umuntu nabwo bukomezwa no kubuha imyitozo nko gusoma, gucuranga ibikoresho bitandukanye nka synthesizer, guitar n’ibindi.
Ku byerekeye gupfa amaso byo bitangira hagati y’imyaka 40 n’imyaka 50, bigaterwa n’uko ibice byayo bishinzwe gutunganya urumuri ryinjira rugafasha ubwonko kureba biba byarashaje, bitagikora akazi neza.
Ni nako akenshi bigenda ku byerekeye kumva kuko uko ingoma y’ugutwi yumva amajwi aremereye( cyane cyane ku batuye imijyi n’abakora mu nganda) kandi mu gihe kirekire ni ko atakaza imbaraga, umuntu akazageraho ntiyumve neza.
