Icyorezo COVID-19 cyaje gisanga hari ibihugu by’Afurika bisanganywe umwenda uremereye. Muri byo hari ibifite umwenda uruta inshuro nyinshi umusaruro mbumbe( PIB, GDP) byinjiza ku mwaka.
Igihugu cya mbere cy’Afurika gifite umwenda munini ni Sudani.
Ikibazo gikomeye ku bihugu byinshi by’Afurika ni uko ubwo icyorezo COVID-19 cyadukaga, byabaye ngombwa ko ibyinshi muri biriya bihugu bishaka amafaranga yabifasha guhangana nacyo, ndetse bimwe birongera biraguza.
Ubu haribazwa aho bizakura ubwishyu, hakayoberana.
Urugero nka Sudani ifitiye amahanga umwenda ungana na 212%.
Bivuze ko umwenda Sudani ifite uruta kure umusaruro mbumbe yinjiza. Uyu mubare werekana ko umwenda wa Sudani uruta inshuro ebyiri ubukire bwayo, ubibaze ku musaruro yinjiza mu mwaka.
Ibindi bihugu bifite umwenda munini ni Erythrée (176%), le Cap-Vert (138%), Mozambique (125%), Zambia (119%), Angola (111%) na Seychelles (110%).
Hari n’ibindi bihugu bifite umwenda wegereye 100%, ibyo ni Misiri (93%),Tunisie (91%) na Congo (91%).
Ubwo kiriya cyorezo cyabicaga bigacika hirya no hino ku isi, Guverinoma z’Afurika zakeneye byibura miliyari ziri hagati ya 125 na miliyari 154 z’amadolari y’Amerika kugira zihangane nacyo.
Mu mpera za Gicurasi, 2021, umwenda wose ibihugu by’Afurika byari bifite uwuteranyije wanganaga na Miliyari1.400$, ni hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy’umwenda u Bufaransa bufitiye amahanga.
Ikigo mpuzamahanga cya za Banki zo ku isi kitwa Institute of International Finance (IFF), kivuga ko muri iki gihe umwenda ibihugu byinshi bifite uwuteranyije ugera kuri miliyari 296 000 $.
Ni imibare yakusanyijwe kugeza mu mpera za Kamena, 2021.
Muri uyu mwenda wose uwuteranyije, usanga Afurika ifitemo muto.
N’ubwo ari uko bimeze, Afurika ifite ikibazo cy’uko na mbere ya COVID-19 yari isanzwe ifite ubukungu bujegajega cyane k’uburyo icyari bubuhangabanye icyo ari cyo cyose cyari bubushegeshe!
Umwaka wa 2020 watumye ubukungu bw’Afurika bugabanuka bugera munsi ya zero ho kabiri( -2%).
Uramutse uvuze ko ibihugu byose by’Afurika bitanganya kurya umwenda ntiwaba ubeshye.
Hari ibihugu byahisemo gukoresha neza amafaranga aturuka mu cyuya abaturage bacyo biyuha kurusha kwihutira gufata umwenda woroshye ariko uzagorana kwishyura.
Ikinyamakuru cyandika kuri Afurika kitwa Le 360 cyandikirwa muri Maroc kivuga ko ibyo bihugu ari RD Congo (12%), Botswana (25%), lbirwa bya Comores (30%) na Nigéria (32%).
Twakwibutsa abasomyi bacu ko Nigéria ari cyo gihugu cya mbere gikize muri Afurika kugeza ubu.
Ikindi ni uko hari ibihugu bifite umwenda munini kurusha uko bitangazwa, urugero rutangwa rukaba ari Zambie bivugwa ko yari yarahishe umwenda ifite ungana na miliyari 2$.
Si ibihugu by’Afurika gusa bifata umwenda ukarenga 100% kuko na Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika( igihugu cya mbere gikize ku isi) nazo zifite ungana na 125%.
Ubuyapani nabwo( igihugu cya gatatu gikize ku isi) nacyo gifite umwenda ungana na 260%.
Iki gihugu gifite umwenda ungana na miliyari 10 000 Euros.
Ibi bituma u Buyapani buba igihugu cya mbere ku isi gifite umwenda munini kurusha ibindi ariko nanone gikize.
Bitandukanye n’uko bimeze kuri Afurika kuko u Buyapani bwo bufite uburyo bwo kwishyura kurusha uko bimeze kuri Afurika.
Ikindi ni uko umwenda u Buyapani bufite wihariwe na Banki nkuru ya kiriya gihugu kandi ubukungu bw’u Buyapani bufite uburyo bwo kuba bwakwiyubaka byihuse.
Iki gihugu ubu cyakusanyije miliyari 600 Euros zo gufasha abaturage kongera kubaka ubushobozi bwabo mu bukungu bakongera gushobora guhaha ibikorerwa mu gihugu imbere.
U Bufaransa nabwo bwahungabanyijwe na COVID-19 ariko, nk’uko bimeze ku Buyapani, nabwo bufite uburyo bwo kwishakamo igisubizo bukubaka ubukungu bwabwo butagendeye ku mugongo w’ikindi gihugu.
Afurika iri mu manegeka…
Aho Afurika ibera mu manegeka ni uko ibyayo bigenwa n’uko ahandi byifashe.
Ibyo igurisha hanze bigurwa bitewe n’uko mu bihugu igirushayo ibintu byifashe ndetse n’icyizere biriya bihugu bifitiye uko ibintu bizaba byifashe mu gihe kiri imbere.
Hejuru y’ibi hiyongeraho ko n’umwenda ibihugu by’uyu mugabane byari bisanzwe bifitiye ibigo mpuzamahanga by’imari nawo ari munini.
Umwaka wa 2020 warangiye ibihugu by’Afurika byarakubititse kubera ko n’aho byari bisanzwe bikura amafaranga y’amadevize hatakoraga.
Muri ho harimo ibyambu amato yagezagaho ibicuruzwa, indege ntizaguruka kuko nta bukerarugendo bwakoraga n’ibindi.
Hejuru y’ibi hariho ko n’amafaranga y’ibihugu by’Afurika ata cyangwa akagira agaciro bitewe n’uko amafaranga y’ibihugu bikize ahagaze.
Ayo mafaranga y’amahanga ni amadolari y’Amerika, ama Euros, Livre Sterling…
Muri iki gihe, hari benshi batakamba basaba ko ibihugu by’Afurika byasonerwa umusoro, ariko hari n’abandi bavuga ko ibyiza ari uko umwenda wakwishyurwa.
