Guinée Conakry ni igihugu giherereye muri Afurika y’i Burengerazuba. Cyahoze ari Koloni y’Abafaransa, kiza kubona ubwigenge tariki 02, Ukwakira, 1958. Abafaransa batangiye kugikoliza guhera mu mwaka ya 1890.
Aho kiboneye ubwigenge, politiki yacyo yaranzwe n’ibibazo harimo n’urupfu rw’uwakiyoboye bwa mbere witwa Ahmed Sékou Touré wapfuye azize umutima.
Hari tariki 26, Werurwe, 1984.
Kuva icyo gihe abandi hafi ya bose mu bayoboye Guinée Conakry, ukuyemo Lansana Conté wishwe n’umutima bavuye ku butegetsi bahiritswe.
Byatangiriyeho kuri Louis Lansana Beavogui wagizwe Perezida w’Inzibacyuho nyuma y’urupfu rwa Ahmed Sékou Touré.
Louis Lansana Beavogui yari asanzwe ari Minisitiri w’Intebe.
Nyuma yo kugirwa Perezida w’Inzibacyuho yaje guhirikwa ku butegetsi n’umusirikare na Lansana Conté.
Inzibacyuho yari yemeranyijweho yagombaga kumara iminsi 45, hagati aho amashyaka akaba yarangije kwemeranya ku gihe amatora yazabera.
Mu gihe bari bakibiganiraho, Lansana Conté yahiritse ubutegetsi ahita ayobora.
Conté yavuze ko yakoze iriya Coup d’Etat kubera ko yabonaga ko imitegekere ya Louis Lansana Beavogui yari irimo ruswa no kurenganya abaturage.
Akigera ku butegetsi yahise afungura imfungwa 250 za Politiki ndetse asaba ko abari barahunze igihugu bagera ku bihumbi 200 gutahuka bagasubira mu byabo.
Itegeko nshinga ryahise rikurwaho binyuze mu cyemezo cyafashwe n’Inteko ishinga amategeko.
Lansana Conté yashyizeho Komite ya gisirikare ishinzwe gusubiza ibintu mu buryo yiswe Comité Militaire de Réstauration Nationale( CMRN) yari igizwe n’abantu 25, abayigize baza kwemeza ku bwiganze busesuye ko Conté ari we ubaye Umukuru wa Guinée.
Nyuma y’umwaka umwe, ni ukuvuga tariki 04, Nyakanga, 1985, abasirikare bari bashinzwe kurinda Lansana Conté baburijemo Coup d’Etat yari igiye kumukorerwa ubwo yari yagiye i Lomé muri Togo mu Nama yari yahuje ibihugu bya ECOWAS.
Agarutse mu gihugu cye yaje afite amakuru ko iriya Coup yari yateguwe n’abasirikare bo mu bwoko bw’aba Malinké. Ni bumwe mu bwoko bw’abatuye Guinée.
We yari uwo mu bwoko bw’aba Susu (cyangwa Sousou).
Yatangije ibikorwa byo kwigizayo abasirikare bakuru bo muri ubwo bwoko n’abandi banyapolitiki barimo uwahoze ari Minisitiri we w’Intebe witwa Diarra Traoré.
Muri Mata 1990 Conté yambaye ipeti rya General.
Muri uwo mwaka nibwo hagiye ho irindi Tegeko Nshinga ndetse n’amashyaka menshi yongera kwemerwa mu mwaka wa 1992.
Muri 1993, nibwo bwa mbere muri kiriya gihugu habaye amatora, Conté yiyamamaza ahanganye na Alpha Condé ariko aramutsinda ku majwi 51.7%.
Alpha Condé yaje ari uwa kabiri, afite amajwi 19.6%.
Mu mwaka wa 1996 Conté nabwo yari agiye guhirikwa ku butegetsi habura gato!
Icyo gihe abasirikare bari ‘bariye karungu’ bavuga ko agomba kuvaho kuko yabicishije inzara, bakaba bari bamaze igihe badahembwa.
Andi matora yongeye kuba mu mwaka wa 1998 nabwo Lansana Conté ayatsinda ku majwi angana na 56.1%.
Muri 2001 habaye referendum[bamwe bayita kamarampaka] yaje kwemeza ko manda ya Perezida wa Repubulika ya Guinée iva ku myaka itanu ikaba imyaka irindwi.
Byemejwe n’abaturage ku kigero cya 98.4%.
Icyo gihe nabwo yatsinze amatora ku kigero cya 95.6%, mu matora yabaye mu Ukuboza, 2003.
Muri icyo gihe ariko, ubuzima bwe bwari bumeze nabi kuko yari azahajwe n’indwara zirimo diyabete n’umutima.
Ubwo yarahiriraga inshingano ze tariki 19, Mutarama, 2004 yavugiye kuri Televiziyo y’igihugu ko agiye ‘gushyira imbaraga mu guhangana na ruswa kurusha uko yabikoze mbere.’
Nyuma y’umwaka umwe gusa arahiye ni ukuvuga tariki 19, Mutarama, 2005, imodoka ye yarashweho amasasu ubwo yari aciye mu murwa mukuru Conakry.
Icyo gihe umwe mu bamurindaga yarahakomerekeye cyane.
Perezida Conté bwaracyeye ajya kuri Televiziyo y’igihugu abwira abaturage be ko abifuza ko apfa bagombye gusubiza amerwe mu isaho kuko ‘umunsi we utaragera.’
Ntibyatinze uwari Minisitiri w’Intebe witwa François Lonseny Fall wari wagiye mu ruzinduko rw’akazi mu Bufaransa ahita yaka yo ubuhungiro.
Ibi byabaye icyuho gikomeye kuko Perezida Conté kuko yananiwe gushyiraho undi Minisitiri w’Intebe kugeza muri Mutarama, 2007.
Hagati aho kandi umugore we Henriette Conté yashinjwaga kwivanga mu mikorere y’ubutegetsi bwa kiriya gihugu nabyo bikarakaza abandi bayobozi ba gisivili n’aba gisirikare.
Uwo yababariye niwe wamusimbuye…
Mu mwaka wa 2005 nibwo uwaje gusimbura Lansana Conté witwa Alpha Condé yagarutse mu gihugu avuye mu Bufaransa aho yari yarahungiye kubera ibibazo bya Politiki.
Yagarutse mu gihugu cye nyuma yo guhabwa imbabazi na Perezida Lansana Conté.
Icyo gihe Conté yihanangirije Condé kutazahirahira ngo asubire muri Politiki.
Undi yarabyemeye ariko abyemera atabyemeye kuko yakomeje gushaka amaboko mu ibanga.
Mu mwaka wa 2008, Lansana Conté yaje gupfa, nyuma y’aho umusirikare witwa Captaine Moussa Dadis Camara aba ari we uba ufashe ubutegetsi nabwo akoze Coup d’Etat.
Alpha Condé yaje agamije kurwanya ruswa…
Nyuma y’imyaka ibiri ni ukuvuga mu mwaka wa 2010, Alpha Condé yagiye ku butegetsi.
Icyo gihe Alpha Condé yakoranye n’abasirikare bakuru bari bamaze igihe runaka bategeka igihugu, abasaba kumufasha kwigizayo abataravugaga rumwe nawe.
Ibi ariko ntibyashimishije Moussa Dadis Camara kuko nyuma y’igihe gito yaje gutangaza imigambi ya Condé nawe biza kumukoraho.
Alpha Condé yavutse mu mwaka wa 1938.
Nyuma y’akazi ka Politiki yakoze guhera mu mwaka wa 2010, kuri iki Cyumweru tariki 05, Nzeri, 2021 nawe yahiritswe n’abasirikare bagize Umutwe udasanzwe w’ingabo zimurinda.
Mu ijambo yavuze mu mwaka wa 2010, ubwo yarahiriraga kugera ku butegetsi, yavuze ko azakora uko ashoboye agatuma Guinée iba igihugu gikomeye mu karere iherereyemo.
Bidatinze ariko, hari raporo zasohowe n’ibigo mpuzamahanga bishinzwe kurwanya ruswa n’akarengane byatangaje ko we n’umuhungu we bashoye akaboko mu kigega cya Leta.
Mu mwaka wa 2017, hari muri Mutarama, yatorewe kuyobora Umuryango w’Afurika yunze ubumwe, asimbuye Idriss Déby Itno.
Alpha Condé aherutse kubwira Jeune Afrique ko igihugu cy’abaturanyi cya Sénégal ari cyo gicumbikiye abashaka guhungabanya umutekano w’igihugu cye.
Yavuze ko amakuru ahabwa n’inzego ze z’umutekano yerekana ko imigambi yose yo guhungabanya ubusugire bw’igihugu cye icurirwa muri Sénégal ya Macky Sall.
Ahiritswe ku butegetsi atarafungura umupaka w’igihugu cye na Sénegal yafunze nyuma y’ibibazo yavugaga ko atezwa nayo.
