Leta y’u Rwanda yongereye impamvu zishobora guhesha umunyamahanga ubwenegihugu nyarwanda, ariko ikaza uburyo bwo kubutanga nk’uko bigaragara mu itegeko rishya ryasohotse.
Nk’uko bisanzwe, biremewe kugira ubwenegihugu burenze bumwe, ariko ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda ni bwo bwitabwaho iyo hari amategeko y’u Rwanda agomba kubahirizwa.
Itegeko ngenga rishya ryerekeye ubwenegihugu nyarwanda ryatangajwe mu igazeti ya Leta ku wa 28 Nyakanga, risimbura iryagenderwagaho kuva mu 2008.
Ubwenegihugu nyarwanda bushyirwa mu byiciro bibiri: ubwenegihugu butangwa n’ubwenegihugu bw’inkomoko.
Ubwenegihugu bw’inkomoko ni ukuvuga ubukomoka ku kuvuka nibura kuri umwe mu babyeyi ufite inkomoko mu Rwanda – bwo nta n’impaka bugibwaho – mu gihe ubwenegihugu butangwa ari ubuhabwa umuntu hashingiwe ku mpamvu ziteganywa n’itegeko.
- Impamvu zongerewe
Mu itegeko rishya hashyizwemo impamvu 11 zishingirwaho mu gutanga ubwenegihugu nyarwanda.
Ni ukuvukira ku butaka bw’u Rwanda; umwana utoraguwe; ishyingirwa; kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye; inyungu z’igihugu; ubumenyi cyangwa impano byihariye; ishoramari cyangwa ibikorwa binini kandi birambye; kuba mu Rwanda; icyubahiro; kuba umwimukira no kutagira ubwenegihugu.
Mu itegeko ryo mu 2008 hateganywagamo ko ubwenegihugu butangwa ari ubushingiye ku kuvukira mu Rwanda, ku ishyingirwa, ku kugirwa umwana no ku kugirwa umunyarwanda.
Itegeko riteganya ko umuntu uvukiye mu Rwanda ku babyeyi b’abanyamahanga baba mu Rwanda byemewe n’amategeko, igihe agejeje imyaka 18 ashobora gusaba ubwenegihugu nyarwanda.
Ho nta mpinduka zabaye.
Umwana utoraguwe mu Rwanda na we afatwa nk’uvukiye mu Rwanda.
- Ubwenegihugu bushyingiye ku ishyingirwa
Ingingo ijyanye no gutanga ubwenegihugu nyarwanda hashingiwe ku ishyingiranwa yo yakozweho impinduka, hakumirwa ko umunyamahanga ashobora gushaka umunyarwanda agamije kubona ubwenegihugu mu buryo bworoshye.
Mu itegeko ryo mu 2008 byateganywaga ko umunyamahanga washyingiranywe n’Umunyarwanda ashobora kubona ubwenegihugu igihe abusabye, ubushyingiranwe bwabo bumaze imyaka itatu.
Mu itegeko rishya byahinduwe, imyaka bagomba kuba bamaranye igirwa itanu.
Ku gihe cyo guhabwa ubwenegihugu bagomba kuba bakibana.
Biteganywa ko ubwo bwenegihugu umuntu ashobora kubwamburwa igihe byagaragara ko ishyingiranwa ryabaye ku bw’inabi, hagambiriwe kubona cyangwa gufasha umuntu kubona ubwenegihugu nyarwanda.
- Ubwenegihugu kubera kuba mu Rwanda
Itegeko rishaje ryateganyaga ko umunyamahanga ashobora gusaba ndetse agahabwa ubwenegihugu nyarwanda, igihe afite imyaka 18 kandi igihe asabiye aba mu Rwanda kuva nibura mu myaka itanu ishize.
Mu itegeko rishya hemejwe ko uwo munyamahanga agomba kuba amaze nibura imyaka 15 aba mu Rwanda mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko.
Biteganywa ko agomba kuba azi umuco, indangagaciro nyarwanda kandi abyubaha.
Igihe yamaze mu mahanga kubera impamvu z’akazi k’Igihugu cyangwa yiga, afite uruhushya rw’ubutegetsi bw’u Rwanda, na cyo kibarwa mu gihe amaze mu Rwanda.
- Izindi mpamvu z’ubwenegihugu
Mu mpamvu zongewe mu itegeko harimo ko umuntu ashobora no guhabwa ubwenegihugu ku nyungu z’igihugu, ni ukuvuga igihe umuntu ubusaba, igihugu kimufitemo inyungu.
Icyo gihe urwego rubifitiye ububasha rwandika ibaruwa isobanura izo nyungu z’igihugu.
Ni kimwe no ku bwenegihugu butangwa hashingiwe ku bumenyi cyangwa ku mpano byihariye, aho ababuhabwa bagomba kuba bafite ubumenyi cyangwa impano byihariye bikenewe mu Rwanda.
Hagomba kandi kuba hari ibaruwa urwego bireba rugenera urwego rubifitiye ububasha, isobanura uburyo ubumenyi cyangwa impano byihariye usaba afite bikenewe mu Rwanda, bikaba byashingirwaho ahabwa ubwenegihugu nyarwanda.
Ni kimwe no ku bwenegihugu butangwa hashingiwe ku ishoramari cyangwa ibikorwa birambye umuntu afite. Agomba kuba afite ibaruwa urwego bireba rugenera urwego rubifitiye ububasha, igaragaza ishoramari cyangwa ibikorwa binini kandi birambye by’usaba mu Rwanda.
Uhabwa bene ubwo bwenegihugu azajya asabwa kuba ari inyangamugayo, afite imyifatire myiza kandi akaba atahungabanya umutekano w’igihugu.
Ubwenegihugu bw’icyubahiro bwo buzaba butangwa mu guha agaciro imyitwarire y’umwihariko y’umuntu cyangwa guha agaciro ibikorwa by’indashyikirwa by’umwihariko by’umuntu.
- Hashyizweho n’ibihano
Itegeko rishya riteganya ko umuntu wahawe ubwenegihugu nyarwanda azajya abwamburwa igihe bigaragaye ko yabubonye akoresheje uburiganya, amakuru atariyo, inyandiko ihinduye cyangwa irimo ikinyoma.
Icyo gihe nabihamywa n’inkiko azahanishwa igifungo kitari munsi y’imyaka itanu ariko kitarenze imyaka irindwi, n’ihazabu itari munsi ya miliyoni 3 Frw ariko itarenze miliyoni 5 Frw.
Undi uzajya wamburwa ubwenegihugu ni igihe bimenyekanye ko yari agambiriye kugambanira Repubulika y’u Rwanda cyangwa igihe imyitwarire ye ihungabanya umutekano w’igihugu.
Biteganywa ko umuntu uzahamwa no gufasha undi muntu kubona ku bw’uburiganya ubwenegihugu nyarwanda, azahanishwa igifungo kitari munsi y’imyaka itanu ariko kitarengeje imyaka irindwi, n’ihazabu itari munsi ya miliyoni 3 Frw ariko itarenze miliyoni 5 Frw.
Ni mu gihe umukozi w’urwego rubifitiye ububasha uzagira uruhare mu itangwa ry’icyemezo cy’ubwenegihugu nyarwanda butangwa mu buriganya, we azahanishwa igifungo kitari munsi y’imyaka irindwi, ariko kitarenze 10.
