Imyaka umunani irashize gutwika umurambo byemejwe nka bumwe mu buryo bwo gushyingura mu Rwanda. Gusa kugeza magingo aya nta muntu n’umwe urabikorerwa, ndetse nta gikoresho na mba gihari ku buryo ubikeneye yacyifashisha.
Ni ikibazo gikora kuri Minisiteri zirimo iy’ubuzima, iy’urubyiruko n’umuco na Minisiteri y’Ubutegetsi bw’igihugu ifite amarimbi mu nshingano.
Muri iki cyumweru nibwo Komisiyo y’imibereho y’abaturage yagejeje ku nteko rusange y’umutwe w’abadepite, raporo yakoze ku ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’itegeko ryo mu 2013 rigena imitunganyirize n’imikoreshereze y’amarimbi.
Mu gutegura iyo raporo, komisiyo yagiranye ibiganiro n’Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri Minisiteri y’Ubutegetsi bw’igihugu, Nyirarukundo Ignacienne, n’Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri Minisiteri y’Urubyiruko n’Umuco, Bamporiki Edouard.
Depite Uwamariya Odette uyobora iriya komisiyo yavuze ko kimwe mu bibazo babonye kijyanye no gutwika umurambo no gushyingura ivu.
Ati “Nta bikorwa remezo na mba uyu munsi dufite mu gihugu bijyanye no gutwika umurambo no gushyingura ivu. Kandi mu by’ukuri itegeko ryari ryabiteganyije kugira ngo abifuza gushyingura muri ubwo buryo bashobore kubibona, cyane cyane ko turi n’igihugu kigendwa, kinabamo abaturutse hanze, iwabo ari bwo buryo bakoresha bwonyine bwo gushyingura.”
Depite Uwamariya yavuze ko Bamporiki yabwiye komisiyo ko Minisiteri y’Ubuzima ariyo igomba gushyiraho ibyo bikorwa remezo.
Gusa ngo komisiyo yasanze urwego rufite mu nshingano ibijyanye n’imitunganyirize n’imikoreshereze y’amarimbi rugomba gushyiraho uburyo bwo kubona ibikorwa remezo nibura bike, byakwifashishwa.
Uretse ibijyanye n’ibikoresho, hanagaragajwe ikibazo kijyanye n’imyumvire ku banyarwanda bamwe batarumva neza uburyo bwo gutwika umurambo, hagashyingurwa ivu.
Mu 2019 Inteko y’Umuco n’Ururimi yakoze ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko urubyiruko nta kibazo rubona mu gutwika umurambo, cyane ko rusanga bwatuma haboneka ubutaka buhagije bwo gukoreraho.
Ikibazo ngo cyagaragaye ku bantu barengeje imyaka 50, bafata gutwika umurambo nko gushinyagurira uwapfuye.
Bamporiki yavuze ko hari gahunda yo gukorana na ba rwiyemezamirimo kugira ngo ibikorwa remezo bikenewe byo gutwika umurambo no gushyingura ivu biboneke.
Depite Begumisa Safari Theoneste yavuze ko uretse gushaka ibikoresho, hanakorwa ubukangurambaga bukomeye ngo abantu barusheho kumva ibijyanye no gutwika umurambo.
Yavuze ko kuba itegeko rimaze imyaka umunani ariko rikaba ritarashyirwa mu bikorwa, ari ikibazo gikomeye.
Ati “Ikindi ni ikibazo cy’ubutaka bwabaye butoya, iyo urebye nka Rusororo, ukajya mu Busanza, ukareba Nyamirambo n’ahandi dushyingura, ahantu hose haruzuye, na biriya byo kuzitira kubera umutekano w’amarimbi sinzi ko byanashoboka, usanga ari ikibazo kinini cyane gisaba ko abanyarwanda twatunganya ikibazo cyo gushyingira abapfuye.”
Depite Rwaka Pierre Claver we yavuze ko nubwo bitumvikanye vuba, abaturage bagenda basobanukirwa.
Yatanze urugero ko ku irimbi rya Rusororo hari abasaba gutwika umurambo, bagasanga nta bushobozi bwo kubikora buhari.
Ati “Baravuga bati kubishyira mu bikorwa twasanze bihenze, icyuma kibikora kirahenze, bati ‘ni icyo cyabiteye kuba tutarabitangira, naho ubundi hari bake bagenda babisaba. Byaba ari igisubizo ku kurondereza ubutaka.”
Yavuze ko ari ibintu bidateye ubwoba kuko umuntu bamushyira mu mashini bagafunga nk’uko babika umurambo mu buruhukiro bw’ibitaro, amashanyarazi akawutwika, ivu rigasohokera inyuma.
Rwaka yanasabye ko mu gihe bikinozwa, hanasuzumwa uburyo bwo kubaka imva zigerekeranye hejuru y’ubutaka, kuko bwatuma ahantu hato hashyingurwa abantu benshi.
Gutwika umurambo bizaba bikorwa bite?
Iteka rya Minisitiri No 001/MINISPOC/2015 ryo ku wa 16/07/2015 rigena uburyo bwo gutwika umurambo no gushyingura ivu, riteganya ko gusaba ko umurambo utwikwa bikorwa n’umuntu ku giti cye cyangwa undi yabihereye uburenganzira mbere y’urupfu.
Kugira ngo umurambo utwikwe hagomba kuboneka icyemezo cy’Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge, iyo adahari gitangwa n’umusimbura we.
Ubusabe buzaba bukorwa mu nyandiko cyangwa mu mvugo, hari abatangabuhamya nibura babiri bafite imyaka y’ubukure.
Umurambo uzajya utwikwa hakoreshejwe ifuru yagenewe gutwikirwamo abapfuye. Iyo furu igomba kuba ifite amashanyarazi kandi ifite umuriro uhoraho ku buryo budahagarara ndetse hakaba n’imashini y’agateganyo isimbura amashanyarazi igihe yabuze.
Ntabwo byemewe gutwika imirambo irenze umwe mu ifuru imwe, keretse iyo bidashoboka gutandukanya imirambo.
Birabujijwe kandi gutwika umurambo utakuwemo imyenda.
Iyo ivu rimaze kuboneka, rigomba gushyirwa mu gikoresho gikoze mu ibumba, icyuma, ikirahuri cyangwa mu giti, kitarengeje santimetero 10 z’ubuhagarike, santimetero 6 z’ubutambike na santimetero 8 z’umubyimba.
Ivu rishyingurwa ku irimbi rusange, irimbi ryihariye, mu rugo cyangwa ahandi hantu hagenwa n’abagize umuryango w’uwapfuye cyangwa Leta ku muntu wapfuye adafite umuryango.
Igikoresho gishyirwamo ivu kigomba kwandikwaho cyangwa gushushanywaho amazina y’uwapfuye, itariki y’amavuko n’itariki yapfiriyeho.
Ibindi bibazo byagaragaye
Mu bindi bibazo abagize komisiyo babonye harimo kuba nta karere na kamwe gafite urutonde ruzwi rw’amarimbi azitiye n’atazitiye.
Basanze kandi hari ikibazo kijyanye n’ibipimo by’imva bidasa, mu gihe itegeko riteganya ko umurambo ushyingurwa mu mva ifite uburebure butarengeje metero 2.5 n’ubugari butarengeje sentimetero 80 n’ubujyakuzimu butari munsi ya metero 2.
Depite Uwamariya yakomeje ati “Kutubahiriza ibyo bipimo ku marimbi ari hirya no hino mu gihugu bikaba byaba intandaro y’imikoreshereze itanoze y’ubutaka.”
Ikindi ni abantu usanga bakomeje gushyingura mu ngo cyangwa mu masambu aho kujya mu marimbi, badafite icyemezo kidasanzwe gitangwa n’Umuyobozi w’Akarere.
Hari kandi amarimbi adafite ibishushanyo mbonera bigaragaza aho imva ziherereye n’amazina y’abazishyingiyemo. Ni nimero zitangwa n’Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge.
Hari n’ikibazo cy’ibiciro usanga biri hejuru by’amarimbi ashyingurwamo.
Hahise hafatwa imyanzuro irimo ko Minisitiri ufite amarimbi mu nshingano azajya gusobanurira abagize inteko rusange y’abadepite, ingamba bafite zo gukemura ibi bibazo.
Harimo kandi gusobanura impamvu nyuma y’imyaka umunani itegeko rigiyeho, nta bikorwa rememezo byakwifashishwa mu gutwika imirambo no gushyingura ivu bihari, kugira ngo bifashe uturere mu gushyira mu bikorwa itegeko.
