Mu Karere ka Kayonza ahitwa Mukarange niho hari bubere ibirori byo kwizihiza umunsi w’umuganura uba buri mwaka. Abagore bakuru bateze urugori, abagabo Bambara imishanana baraberwa, inyambo zirategurwa n’ibiribwa gakondo nabyo biba uko.
Kuva kera na kare, ku muganura abaturage barahura bakaganuzanya ku byo bejeje akenshi biba byiganjemo ibinyampeke.
Ibyo ni amasaka, ibigori ndetse hakazamo n’ibinyamafufu nk’ibijumba, imyumbati, amadegede, ibinyamisogwe nk’ibishyimbo, amashaza n’ibindi.
Umuganura uba ugamije ubusabane mu baturage, abejeje bagasangiza bagenzi babo ibyo bejeje, bakaganira ku iterambere no ku zindi gahunda z’igihugu.
Abana bahabwa amata, bakagaburirwa amagi bityo bigatuma babona indyo yuzuye kandi bakaganirizwa n’abantu bakuru.
Umuganura w’umwaka wa 2023 wabaye ari taliki 04, Kanama, ku rwego rw’igihugu wizihirizwa mu Murenge wa Ruhango mu Karere ka Rutsiro.
Icyo gihe abawitabiriye babwiwe ko Umuganura w’Abanyarwanda atari umuhango wo gusangira umutsima gusa ahubwo ko ari no gusangira umutima ukunda u Rwanda.
Umuganura w’Abanyarwanda ufite inkomoko kera
Abanyarwanda ni abantu bafite igihugu n’umuco byihariye.
Uretse kuba kuva kera na kare bari basangiye ururimi, bigatuma bunga ubumwe kubera ko buri wese yumvikanaga na mugenzi we, Abanyarwanda bagiraga n’imiyoborere ishingiye ku ngingo bitaga INZIRA.
Imwe muri izo nzira yari Inzira y’Umuganura.
Inzira wazigereranya n’amahame shingiro Itegeko nshinga ry’u Rwanda ry’ubu rigenderaho.
Nizo zagombaga gukurikizwa kugira ngo igihugu kiyoborwe neza, umwami akaba ari we uhagarariye ibintu byose mu gihugu.
Itsinda ry’abakuru b’ibwami bitwaga Abiru nibo bagombaga gushyira mu bikorwa ibigenwa mu bigize buri Nzira.
Buri Nzira yagiraga imihango igendana nayo bitewe n’igihe yakurikizwaga.
Hariho inzira y’ikirogoto, inzira ya rukungugu, inzira ya Nyakanga…. n’Inzira y’Umuganura.
Aha reka tuvuge ku Nzira y’Umuganura.
Inzira y’umuganura ni imwe mu Nzira 18 zari zigize inzira z’ubwiru mu Rwanda mu gihe cy’ingoma ya cyami.
Inzira z’ubwiru zarimo iz’ubukungu, iz’umutekano w’igihugu n’inzira zo gukomeza ubwami.
Zerekanaga uko igihugu kiyoborwa mu bihe runaka, niba hateye inzara hakaba inzira igihugu kigomba kunyuramo kugira ngo gihangane n’ayo, gutyo gutyo.
Mu mateka y’u Rwanda, umunsi w’Umuganura wari umunsi mukuru ngarukamwaka wubahwaga kandi ugahabwa agaciro ibwami no mu muryango w’Abanyarwanda bose.
Abanyamateka bavuga ko Umuganura watangiye kwizihizwa ku ngoma ya Gihanga Ngomijana mu kinyejana cya kenda.
Waje kongera guhabwa imbaraga na Ruganzu II Ndoli hagati y’imyaka ya 1510-1543 ubwo yabohoraga u Rwanda nyuma y’imyaka irenga cumi n’itanu rwarigaruriwe n’Abanyoro n’Abanyabungo.
Abiru nibo bari bashinzwe umuhango w’umuganura.
Abaturage bakoranyaga imyaka bejeje hirya no hino mu gihugu bakayijyana ibwami.
Ku munsi w’umuganura umwami yarapfukamaga akerekana icyubahiro aha abo ayobora ndetse n’igihugu, agafata umwuko akavuga umutsima afatanyije n’umuganuza, umwamikazi n’umugabekazi bakarya bakanywa ndetse bakaza kunywa n’inzoga, bagatarama bakaza kuvuga ibigwi by’ibyo bakoze mu gihugu.
Nyuma y’umuhango wo kuganura hakurikiragaho ibirori by’Umuganura byasozwaga n’igitaramo k’imihigo.
Ku rwego rw’Igihugu, Umuganura wayoborwaga n’Umwami afashijwe n’abanyamihango b’Umuganura.
Abo ni abo kwa Rutsobe n’abo kwa Myaka ya Musana.
Ku rwego rw’umuryango, umukuru w’umuryango niwe wayoboraga iyo mihango.
Ku munsi w’Umuganura nyirizina, abayobozi basabanaga n’abayoborwa mu gitaramo k’imihigo, abana bagasabana n’ababyeyi.
Ni muri icyo gitaramo cy’Umuganura hamurikwaga ibikorwa by’indashyikirwa (inka nziza, umusaruro ushimishije…) maze abakoze neza bagashimwa, ibigwari bikagawa.
Ku ngoma ya Musinga ni bwo umuhango w’Umuganura wahagaze ubwo umwiru Gashamura ka Rukangirashyamba wari ushinzwe imihango yawo yacirirwaga i Burundi mu mwaka wa 1925.
Uyu Gashamura ni umwe uvugwa mu nsigamigani igira iti: ‘Runaka yaragashize nka Gashamura.’
Kuva icyo gihe Umuganura ntiwongeye kwizihizwa.
Nyuma y’uko u Rwanda rubonye ubwigenge, abantu bakomeje kwizihiza Umuganura mu miryango yabo ariko ubuyobozi bwariho muri icyo gihe ntibwashyiragamo imbaraga ngo Umuganura uhabwe agaciro ukwiye ku rwego rw’igihugu.
Leta y’u Rwanda nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi igendeye ku byiza n’akamaro Umuganura wagize mu kubaka Igihugu, yawuhaye agaciro gakomeye, ishyiraho n’umunsi w’ikiruhuko uba buri wa Gatanu wa mbere w’ukwezi kwa Kanama.
Iteka rya Perezida no 54/01 ryo ku wa 24/02/2017 mu ngingo ya 3 (100) niryo ribigena hagamijwe ko kuri uwo uwo munsi, Abanyarwanda basabana, bunga ubumwe, bazirikana ibyiza bagezeho ari nako bahiga gukora neza kurushaho umwaka utaha.
Ahakunze gukorerwa umuganura mu Rwanda rwo hambere…
Mu mwaka wa 2023 Inteko Nyarwanda izirikana yatangaje ko mu gihe cy’umuganura wo mu gihe cy’abami, umwiru wo kwa Myaka yari afite inshingano zo gukusanyiriza imyaka ahitwa i Huro.
Aha i Huro muri iki gihe ni mu Karere ka Gakenke, mu Murenge wa Muhondo.
Imyaka yahakusanyirizwaga yari uburo n’amasaka, aha tukibutsa ko uburo, amasaka n’isogi byari ibiribwa shingiro by’Abanyarwanda bo hambere, habarenzaho amata.
Yakoreshwaga ibwami mu mihango y’umuganura akazisohozayo, ndetse akagira uruhare, kimwe n’umwami n’umwiru w’umuganura, mu mihango yakorwaga ku munsi nyirizina w’umuganura.
Abiru b’abahinzi banitwaga ‘abiru bo kwa Myaka’, bari bafite icyicaro ku musozi bigengaho wa Huro.
Basimburanaga ku mazina ya Nyamurasa, Musana na Mumbogo
i Huro ni ho hahingwaga imbuto nkuru zakoreshwaga mu Muganura.
Hari hatuye abiru bashinzwe imihango yawo, ndetse hari n’ivubiro ryabafashaga kumenya niba imvura izagwira igihe, bitaba ibyo bakitabaza abavubyi kugira ngo imbuto z’umuganura zibibwe kare.
Ahandi hantu habumbatiye amateka y’Umuganura ni i Rutunga mu Karere ka Gasabo.
Umwanditsi w’ibitabo, akaba n’umunyamuryango w’Inteko Izirikana Faida Jean Damascène yigeze kuvuga ko umuganura kuva kera ari ‘isôoko y’Ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda.
