Umugenzuzi Mukuru Yatahuye Ibibazo Bikomeye Mu Kohereza Abanyeshuri Kwiga Mu Mahanga

Raporo y’Umugenzuzi Mukuru w’Imari ya Leta yagaragaje ko hari abanyeshuri 54 boherejwe kwiga mu mahanga amasomo adahuye n’ibiteganywa n’amabwiriza, n’ibindi bibazo bishobora kuba byarahombeje Leta miliyari nyinshi, n’ubu bigikomeza.

Ni raporo y’umwaka w’ingengo y’imari wa 2019/ 2020 yagejejwe ku Nteko Ishinga amategeko ku wa Kabiri, Taarifa yabashije gusoma.

Igaragaza ko kugira ngo umuntu ugiye kwiga mu mahanga yemererwe inguzanyo ya Leta, harebwa ko aziga ibishyizwe imbere na Guverinoma, ahanini bijyanye n’Ubumenyi, Ikoranabuhanga, Engineering n’Imibare, bizwi nka STEM mu mpine y’Icyongereza.

Ibyo agiye kwiga kandi bigomba kuba bitaboneka mu mashuri makuru na kaminuza mu Rwanda, hakarebwa amanota yagize mu masomo yasoje n’ingengo y’imari ikenewe.

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Nyamara Raporo yagaragaje ko mu gutoranya bariya banyeshuri, hari amabwiriza menshi yagiye yirengagizwa n’Inama Nkuru y’Amashuri Makuru na Kaminuza, HEC.

Igira iti “Ubugenzuzi bwagaragaje ko hari banyeshuri 54 barimo kwiga amasomo atajyanye n’ibyateganyijwe ku masomo akenewe mu gihugu. Ayo masomo arimo ibijyanye n’imiyoborere y’ubucuruzi, kumenyekanisha ibikorwa, ibijyanye no kwakira abantu, itangazamakuru n’itumanaho n’ibindi.”

“Ibyo bigatuma habaho gushidikanya ku kwita ku bishingirwaho no gukorera mu mucyo mu gutoranya abo banyeshuri bahawe inguzanyo zo kwiga.”

Raporo yavuze ko ari inshingano za HEC na Banki Itsura Amajyambere, BRD, gukurikirana ko habaho umucyo mu gutanga inguzanyo na buruse.

Ibikorwa byo gutanga inguzanyo zo kwiga byakozwemo impinduka nyinshi kuba mu 2006 ubwo byavanwaga muri SFAR bikajya muri REB, kugeza mu 2015 ubwo bwahabwaga HEC ifatanyije na BRD.

Mbere bikiri muri REB, abasabye inguzanyo zo kwiga basesengurwaga na komite ibishinzwe, igashyikiriza raporo ubuyobozi bukuru bukayemeza, bikagezwa ku nama y’ubutegetsi igafata icyemezo cya nyuma.

Icyo cyemezo cyashyikirizwaga Minisiteri y’uburezi ikagikoraho ubugororangingo, amabaruwa y’abemerewe agategurwa, agasinywa na Minisitiri, akoherezwa muri BRD ubundi amafaranga agatangwa.

Raporo ikomeza ivuga ko muri iki gihe buriya buryo butagikurikizwa.

Ku bw’ibyo, umugenzuzi mukuru w’imari ya leta yanzuye ko adashobora kwemeza ko gutoranya abahawe inguzanyo zo kwiga byakozwe mu mucyo.

Ibibazo mu masezerano na BRD

Iyo raporo igaragaza ko uretse impungenge mu gutoranya abahabwa inguzanyo, n’uko zitangwa harimo ibibazo.

Mu banyeshuri 329 biga mu mahanga ku nguzanyo za leta batoranyijwe mu bandi benshi bagafatirwaho urugero mu isesengura ry’ubugenzuzi bw’imari, byagaragaye ko 35 muri bo nta masezerano basinyanye na BRD, nyamara hagati ya Mutarama 2016 n’Ukuboza 2020 bari bamaze guhabwa 523.475.759 Frw.

Ku masezerano yagombaga gukorwa hagati y’abanyeshuri na BRD, hari amwe byagaragaye ko BRD itasinyeho ku banyeshuri 56, nyamara bari bamaze guhabwa 1.764.295.645 Frw.

Umugenzuzi Mukuru yakomeje ati “Hari n’umunyeshuri umwe Banki yasinye ku masezerano ye ariko we ntiyayashyiraho umukono, nyamara yahawe Frw 119.056.337 kuva mu 2016 kugeza mu 2019. Bityo ibyo bitera kwibaza ikintu Banki yashingiyeho yohereza amafaranga kuri bariya banyeshuri.”

Muri ya masezerano y’abanyeshuri 329, Umugenzuzi mukuru yavuze ko hanaburamo ingingo z’ingenzi nk’uburyo ayo mafaranga azishyurwa n’inyungu azishyurwaho.

Hari n’abanyeshuri 11 basabye inguzanyo ariko ntibagaragaza igihe bazamara biga, bari bamaze guhabwa miliyoni 376 Frw.

Hari n’abandi biga mu mahanga byagaragaye ko batanze amatariki abiri atandukanye, agaragaza igihe bazatangirira kwiga n’igihe bazasoreza amasomo.

Mu gukomeza gusesengura, hari abanyeshuri batandatu bigagaga mu mahanga bishyuwe 117.143.245 Frw, mu gihe amatariki bagaragaje ko baziga yarangiye.

Raporo igaragaza ko HEC yavuguruye igihe cyabo cyo kwiga, ariko ntiyavugurura amasezerano yagiranye nabo, ndetse ntiyasobanura impamvu abo banyeshuri bongerewe igihe cyo kwiga.

Ntabwo HEC ifite amakuru ku biga mu mahanga

Raporo igaragaza ko abanyeshuri baterwa inkunga na leta, buri mwaka baba bagomba gutanga raporo y’amasomo yabo kandi ababashije kwimuka gusa akaba aribo bakomeza kubona ya nguzanyo.

Yakomeje iti “Ariko HEC na BRD ntabwo bazi intambwe iterwa na buri munyeshuri urebye ku mubare w’abatewe inkunga, abarangije amasomo, abakomeje kwiga (baba barasibiye cyangwa barimutse) kimwe n’abahagaritse amasomo.”

Muri ba banyeshuri 329 biga mu mahanga bafatiweho urugero, bagombaga gutanga muri HEC raporo 726, ariko 27 gusa nibo babikoze, batanga raporo 39 zingana na 5%.

Raporo iti “Ibi biterwa no kuba HEC idakurikirana mu buryo buhoraho abanyeshuri biga mu mahanga. Bityo, birashoboka ko amafaranga yaba yarahawe abantu batayemerewe barimo abasibiye, abahagaritse amasomo cyangwa abasoje amasomo.”

Mu bibazo byagaragaye kandi harimo ko bamwe muri bariya banyeshuri biga mu mahanga hari abahindura ibyo biga HEC ntibimenye, kandi bakomeza guhabwa inguzanyo ya leta.

Ibibazo mu nguzanyo zatanzwe no kuzishyura 

BRD yanenzwe ko idashobora kugaragaza urutonde ntakuka rw’amafaranga amaze guhabwa buri muntu, ku buryo harebwa mu buryo bworoshye ayatanzwe mu mwaka.

Ibyo bigatuma n’umubare w’abagomba kwishyura n’amafaranga bazishyura utamenyekana, kimwe n’amakuru y’ingenzi ku banyeshuri nka nimero z’indangamuntu, igihe bazasoreza amasomo n’amafaranga yose bahawe.

Mu byagaragajwe muri raporo kandi harimo ko nta tegeko ryigeze rikurikizwa mu kwishyuza inguzanyo ku bantu bagiye bakwa inyungu ya 7%, 11% na 12% ku mafaranga bagomba kwishyura.

Byongeye, ngo nta tegeko ryashingiweho mu kugena ko abantu bafite inguzanyo bagomba kwishyura bakatwa 8% ku mishahara mbumbe ya buri kwezi.

Kubera izo mpamvu, abantu 167 bahawe inguzanyo, bazamuye ikibazo ko igiteranyo cy’inguzanyo babariwe ko bazishyura zabazwe nabi.

Ibyo ngo byatumye BRD yishyuza abantu amafaranga arenze kuko yageraga kuri 221.869.212, harimo 50.877.008 Frw yasubijwe abavuze ko bishyuye amafaranga arenze.

Umugenzuzi Mukuru w’Imari Ya Leta, Obadiah Biraro yagize ati “Bityo, ntabwo nshobora guhamya ko amafaranga yatangajwe ko yagaruwe yizewe mu gihe adashobora guhuzwa na buri muntu ku giti cye.”

Ihurizo ku hazaza h’izi nguzanyo

Raporo igaragaza ko kuva muri Mutarama 2016 kugeza mu Ukuboza 2020, BRD yari imaze gutanga 184.670.242.217 Frw mu nguzanyo na buruse ku banyeshuri biga muri kaminuza mu Rwanda no mu mahanga.

Kugeza muri Nzeri 2020, BRD yamenyesheje Minisiteri y’Uburezi ko yari imaze kwishyuza miliyari 11.78 Frw guhera muri Mutarama 2016.

Ibi byose bituma habaho gushindikanya ku hazaza h’iyi gahunda, kuko ubwo mu 2015 BRD yahabwaga izi nshingano byateganywaga ko Guverinoma izajya ikenera nibura miliyari 29 Frw ku mwaka ngo yishyurire abanyeshuri mu nguzanyo.

Izo zagombaga kujya zunganirwa na miliyari nibura 9.9 Frw byateganywaga ko zizajya zigaruzwa ku mwaka mu gihe cy’imyaka 10, kugeza mu 2025.

Kuba amafaranga agaruka ari make cyane byaje gutuma Guverinoma yishakamo miliyari 36 Frw ku mwaka.

BRD nayo ku ruhande rwayo, ikoresha miliyari 4.3 Frw mu gihe hateganywaga miliyari 1.53 mu gihe cy’imyaka itatu.

Byagaragaye ko BRD ishobora kugaruza nibura miliyari 2.3 Frw ku mwaka, mu gihe hateganywaga miliyari 9.9 Frw.

Ibyo byose bigatuma mu kwishyurira abanyeshuri, gahunda y’uko byari kugenda bikorwa idashobora kubahirizwa.

Biteganyijwe ko mu minsi iri imbere ababigizemo uruhare bose bazatangira gutumizwa n’Inteko Ishinga amategeko, ngo basobanure uko byagenze. Iyo hagaragayemo ibyaha, bishyikirizwa Ubugenzacyaha.