Ibibembe ni imwe mu ndwara za kera cyane ku isi, kandi kuva kera byagiye bifatwa nk’indwara itera isoni ndetse ikajyanishwa n’umwanda no kutagira isuku.
Amateka agaragaza ko ibibembe bimaze nibura imyaka 4,000 bibaho.
Bikekwa ko byaba byarakomotse muri Afurika cyangwa muri Aziya, mbere y’uko bigera mu Burayi ahagana mu mwaka wa 300 mbere ya Yesu.
Mu binyejana byinshi, ibibembe byagiye byibasira imijyi yo mu Burayi no mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati. Ababirwaye bahezwa muri sosiyete, kubera ko ari indwara abantu bavuga ko iri mu zandura kurusha izindi kandi kureba uyirwaye bitagera ishozi.
Muri iki gihe, ibibembe bizwi kandi ku izina rya Hansen’s Disease, ntibikunze kugaragara cyane muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika kubera ikoreshwa ry’imiti ya antibiyotike ndetse n’iterambere mu isuku. Bivugwa ko muri Amerika buri mwaka haboneka abarwayi babyo bari hagati ya 100 na 200.
Ariko muri Leta ya Florida, inzobere mu buvuzi zivuga ko muri iki gihe hari ubwiyongere budasanzwe bw’iyi ndwara, bushobora kuba bufitanye isano n’ubutaka bwanduye n’inyamaswa zikunze guturana n’abantu no kubasura mu ngo zabo.
Iyo ibibembe bitavuwe, bishobora gutera kwangirika gukomeye kw’imitsi ndetse no gutuma umuntu ahuma.
Ariko iyo bigaragaye hakiri kare, bivurwa hakoreshejwe antibiyotike, bagiteri zibitera zigapfa bityo ntibikwire mu bantu benshi kandi uwabirwaye nawe ntazahare.
Dr. Norman Beatty, umuganga w’indwara zandura akaba n’umwarimu wungirije w’ubuvuzi muri University of Florida College of Medicine, yabwiye Daily Mail ko ibibembe muri Florida ari indwara ikomeje kugaragara kandi iri kwiyongera.
Ati: “Intego yacu nk’itsinda ni ukumenyekanisha ibibembe muri Florida, kuko iyi ari indwara ishobora gukira. Uko tumenya umurwayi hakiri kare, ni ko bimufasha agakira vuba.”
Ibibembe biterwa na za bagiteri zikura buhoro cyane, zizwi nka Mycobacterium leprae na Mycobacterium lepromatosis.
Ku isi hose, abantu bagera kuri 200,000 bandura ibibembe buri mwaka, cyane cyane mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere.
Muri Amerika ho, abarwayi bashya baba hafi ya 200 buri mwaka.
Mu mwaka ushize(2025), Florida yagaragaye abantu 36, umubare munini cyane kuva iyi ndwara yatangira gukurikiranwa no gutangirwa raporo muri iyo Leta mu mwaka wa 1992.
Kugeza mu ntangiriro z’uku kwezi, imibare ya Leta ya Florida yari imaze kugaragaza imanza 19 muri 2026.
Dr. Beatty avuga ko iyo harebwe imibare y’imyaka 20 ishize, bigaragara ko umubare w’abarwara ibibembe muri Florida uri kwiyongera.
Inyamaswa yitwa Armadillo ishobora kugira uruhare mu ikwirakwira ry’indwara
Imwe mu mpamvu zivugwaho kugira uruhare mu gukwiza iyo ndwara ni inyamaswa yitwa armadillo, cyane cyane iyitwa nine-banded armadillo, iboneka ahantu henshi muri Florida.
Ishobora gutwara za bagiteri zitera ibibembe kandi n’ubutaka bukikije imyobo izi nyamaswa zicukuramo bushobora kwanduza
Dr. Beatty avuga ko hari abantu banduye ibibembe muri Florida bagaragaje ko baba barahuye n’ubutaka bushobora kuba bwaranduye cyangwa bakagira aho bahuriye na ziriya nyamaswa bakayikoraho cyangwa banayirya.
Nubwo mbere abahanga batekerezaga ko ibibembe byandura cyane hagati y’abantu, ubushakashatsi bwa none bugaragaza ko butandura mu buryo bworoshye hagati y’abantu.
Ubusanzwe bisaba kuba umuntu yaragize aho ahurira mu gihe kirekire n’amatembabuzi ziriya nyamaswa ziba zirataye mu gace zituyemo cyangwa ahandi zica ziva cyangwa zijya aha naha.
Dr. Beatty avuga ko hafi 5% gusa by’abantu batwaye izo bagiteri ari bo bashobora kurwara ibibembe.
Ikindi gitangaje ni uko umuntu ashobora kumara igihe kirekire atagaragaza ibimenyetso. Bishobora gufata kugeza ku myaka 20 kuva umuntu ahuye na bagiteri kugeza igihe ibimenyetso by’indwara bigaragariye.
Avuga ko benshi mu barwayi abona baba bafite hagati y’imyaka 60 na 70, kandi hari ababa bamaze imyaka hagati y’umwe na itanu bafite ubwandu, mu gihe abandi baba bamaze imyaka myinshi cyane cyangwa imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo batabizi.
