Mu mwaka wa 2022, ku isi hose habarurwaga abana bagera kuri miliyoni 149 bari munsi y’imyaka itanu bafite ikibazo cyo gukura nabi (uburebure butajyanye n’imyaka yabo), hari n’abandi miliyoni 45 bari bafite ikibazo cyo kunanuka bikabije ugereranyije n’uburebure naho miliyoni 37 bo bari bafite umubyibuho ukabije cyangwa umubyibuho urengeje urugero.
Hafi ya 44% by’impinja zifite hagati y’amezi zeru n’atandatu nizo zonswa gusa amashereka nta kindi zirya cyangwa zinywa.
Ibi birababaje kuko abo bana batageze kuri ½ cy’ababa bavutse kandi bose uko bakabaye baba babikeneye ngo ‘batangire ubuzima barya neza’.
Abana bake ni bo bahabwa amafunguro yunganira amashereka afite intungamubiri zihagije kandi adafite ubwandu namba.
Mu bihugu byinshi, impinja zitageze kuri kimwe cya kane zifite amezi atandatu na 23 nizo zihabwa indyo itandukanye mu moko no mu mabara kandi zikayihabwa inshuro zijyanye n’ikigero cy’imyaka yazo.
Abaganga bavuga ko biramutse bikunze ko abana bose bafite amezi zeru kugeza kuri 23 bonka uko bisabwa, buri mwaka ubuzima bw’abana barenga 820.000 bari munsi y’imyaka itanu bwarengerwa.
Konka bifasha ubwonko bw’abana gukura neza bikabongerera amahirwe yo kuzajya batekereza neza, bagatsinda mu ishuri, bakazakora bakiteza imbere umunsi barangije kwiga.
Kubera ko konka byongerera imibiri y’abana ubudahangarwa ku ndwara, bituma batazarwaragurika bityo amafaranga yo kuzabavuza akazarengerwa.
Buri mwaka kandi, imirire mibi ifitanye isano n’urupfu rw’abana bagera kuri miliyoni 2,7, bingana na 45% by’impfu zose zabo.
Imirire y’impinja n’abana bato ni imwe mu nkingi z’ingenzi zo kugabanya impfu no gutuma bakura neza.
Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye rishinzwe kwita ku bana, UNICEF, rivuga ko imyaka ibiri ya mbere y’ubuzima bw’umwana ari ingenzi cyane, kuko imirire iboneye muri icyo gihe igabanya indwara n’impfu; ikagabanya ibyago byo kurwara indwara zidakira mu buzima bwazo bw’ahazaza kandi igafasha umwana gukura neza mu bwenge no ku mubiri.
Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku buzima (OMS/WHO) n’Ikigega cy’Umuryango w’Abibumbye cyita ku Bana (UNICEF) bisaba ko umwana ashyirwa ku ibere mu isaha ya mbere amaze kuvuka, akonka gusa amashereka mu mezi atandatu ya mbere y’ubuzima, kuzageza agize amezi atandatu, ubundi agahabwa imfashabere isukuye, inyuranye mu bwoko kandi agakomeza kuzageza agize imyaka itatu.
Ntibyubahirizwa byose kandi hose…
Nubwo bimeze bityo, abana benshi ntibahabwa ayo mahirwe. Nk’ubu hagati y’umwaka wa 2015–2020, ku isi hose impinja zagera kuri 44% gusa zifite amezi 0–6 ni zo zonsaga amashereka yonyine.
Hari kandi amabwiriza mashya afasha ko abana bavutse ku babyeyi bafite Virusi itera SIDA (VIH) nabo bonka ariko nayo ntakurikizwa hose.
Ubusanzwe, umubyeyi ufata neza imiti igabanya ubukana bwa VIH, ashobora konsa umwana we amashereka yonyine kugeza ku mezi atandatu, kandi agakomeza konsa nibura kugeza ku mezi 12, mu gihe ibyago byo kwanduza umwana virusi biba byagabanutse cyane.
Nubwo umwana ashobora kwandura VIH ari kuvuka cyangwa binyuze mu mashereka, ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko iyo umubyeyi afata neza imiti igabanya ubukana bwa VIH, ibyago byo kwanduza umwana binyuze mu mashereka bigabanuka cyane, kandi ubuzima bwe bukarushaho kumera neza.
OMS isaba abantu bose bafite VIH, harimo abagore batwite n’abonsa guhita batangira gufata imiti ya ART bakimara kumenya ko bayanduye, kandi bakayifata ubuzima bwabo bwose.
Mu bihugu bikigaragaramo impfu nyinshi ziterwa n’impiswi, umusonga n’imirire mibi, aho inzego z’ubuzima zemeza ko konsa ari bwo buryo bwiza bwo kurengera abo bana, ababyeyi bafite VIH nabo bagomba konsa abana babo amashereka yonyine mu mezi atandatu ya mbere, hanyuma bagatangira kubaha amafunguro yunganira amashereka akwiye, bagakomeza no kubonsa nibura kugeza umwana yujuje umwaka umwe.
Imwe mu mbogamizi ikunze kugaragara ni igihe abagore bumva ko ari abasirimu, bakumva ko konsa bigusha amabere yabo, ntibihere abana iby’ingenzi bakeneye mu ndyo yabo ari yo ‘amashereka.’
Mu Rwanda hamaze igihe harashyizweho icyumba cyo konsa, icyakora ibyacyo ahanini bigera ku musaruro bitewe n’imyumvire y’umubyeyi kuri iyo ngingo.
