Imyaka igiye kurenga 15 umutwe w’iterabwoba Al Shabaab utangiye ibikorwa bwawo byahitanye benshi barimo abayobozi ba Somalia n’abasirikare benshi b’Afurika yunze ubumwe bagiye kugarura amahoro muri kiriya gihugu.
N’ubwo wahanganye n’ingabo zikomeye mu buryo bw’ibikoresho ndetse no ikoranabuhanga, Al Shabaab ni umutwe ugihanyanyaza biturutse cyane cyane ku ishami ryawo rishinzwe ubutasi.
Kugeza ubu ni ukuvuga muri Kanama, 2022, uyu mutwe ufite abarwanyi bari hagati ya 5,000 n’abantu 10,000.
Kuba umaze iki gihe cyose ukora iterabwoba, bituma abahanga bavuga ko ari wo mutwe w’iterabwoba umaze igihe kurusha indi yose yabayeho mu Kinyejana cya 21 aho kigeze ubu.
Hari umwe muri bo witwa Zakarie Ahmed Nor Kheyre wanditse ko impamvu ikomeye yatumye Al Shabaab imaze iki gihe cyose igikora ari uko ufite ishami ryihariye rishinzwe ubutasi kandi rikora neza.
Iryo shami baryita Amniyat.
Uriya muhanga aherutse gusohora inyandiko mu kinyamakuru kitwa Intelligence and National Security.
Yayise “The Evolution of the Al-Shabaab Jihadist Intelligence Structure”.
Handitsemo ko hari abandi bantu bakora ubushakashatsi ku by’ubutasi bafashe igihe cyabo bitegereza imikorere n’imitunganyirize y’ibikorwa bya Al Shabaab basanga ifite uburyo bwiza bwo gukusanya no gusesengura amakuru yerekeye ibikorwa byayo bikayifasha gutegura ibitero byayo byatumye yica abo yabaga igambiriye guhitana.
Iyi mikorere ituma uyu mutwe w’abarwanyi ugira amakuru ahamye kandi ukayakoresha neza kurusha uko bimeze ku ngabo za Somalia zifite umutwe w’ubutasi witwa the National Intelligence and Security Agency (NISA).
Ishami Amniyat barifata nk’uruti rw’umugongo rwa Al Shabaab k’uburyo kuba igishinga ari ryo ibikesha.
Abaganiriye na wa muhanga twavuze haruguru batumye amenya neza uburyo bw’imitunganyirize n’imikorere ya ririya shami.
Imikorere nk’iyi mu butasi cyangwa ibikorwa bya gisirikare bayita modus operandi mu Kilatini, mu Gifaransa bavuga Mode d’Opération.
Iri shami rifite abakozi babarirwa mu magana bakora igihe cyose basimburanwa kandi bafite ubuhanga buhagije bwo kumenya amakuru yo ku ruhande rw’umwanzi no kumenya uko bamuca mu rihumye bakamurasa we ataramenya ko hari ikibi kiri gutegurwa.
Aba bakozi bafite akazi ko gukusanya amakuru, kuyasesengura, gushyira mu bikorwa amabwiriza y’abayobozi babo kugira ngo ibintu bikorwe neza.
Bashinzwe kandi kumenya ba maneko bo ku ruhande rwa Guverinoma bakabica hakiri kare no kumenya kuburizamo ibikorwa bya maneko za Guverinoma.
Intego yabo ya mbere ikomeye iba ari iyo guhitana abanyapolitiki bakomeye ba Somalia ndetse n’abasirikare bakuru.
Mu kuburizamo ibikorwa bya ba maneko ba Leta, ishami rya Al Shabaab rishinzwe ubutasi rikoresha abantu bazi neza kiriya gihugu n’ubuyobozi bwacyo k’uburyo ibyinshi mu byo Leta iteganya babimenya kare.
Aba basore n’inkumi, abagabo n’abagore bagize iri tsinda baba bashinzwe kuburizamo ibikorwa bya Guverinoma babyibwirije cyangwa se bakabikora nyuma y’uko batewe n’ingabo za Leta bagasigara bahiga abagize uruhare muri ibyo bitero.
Ishami Amniyat rifite abahanga mu butasi k’uburyo bamaze no kugera mu nzego za Guverinoma ya Somalia.
Aho ribera ribi kandi ni uko rikora ryigenga.
Rifite amafaranga yaryo n’ubuyobozi bwaryo, ibi bikaba byarakozwe mu rwego rwo kwirinda ko ibibazo by’abanya Politiki byajya bivangira imigambi n’ibikorwa byaryo.
Ni ikimenyimenyi, iri shami rifite umuyobozi warwo witwa Abdulkadir Mohamed Ibrahim.
Ibivuye mu kazi ke cyangwa ibyo ateganya gukora abiha umugabo witwa Ahmad Umar uyu akaba ari we muyobozi wa Al Shabaab kandi w’ikirenga.
Ng’uko uko Al Shabaab yananiye na USA kuyirandura muri Somalia ndetse ikaba yaragutse ikajya no mu bindi bice by’Afurika birimo no muri Mozambique aho bivugwa ko yagize uruhare mu kwigisha abahakorera iterabwoba.
