Kubera ko ari igihugu gito kandi gituye mu gace gakize ku rusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, u Rwanda rwasanze ari ngombwa gushyiraho ingamba zituma ibinyabuzima birutuye bibungwabungwa. Imwe mu ngamba rwafashe ni uguhanga pariki nshya no kuzirinda.
Ruherutse gushyiraho Politiki rwise Rwanda’s Green Growth and Climate Resilience Strategy, iyi ikaba ari ingamba yo kurinda urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima no kwita ku mibereho y’abaturiye za Pariki kugira ngo batazangiza bitwaje ko bajya kuzishakamo ibibatunga.
Nk’uko byavuzwe haruguru, u Rwanda rwasanze ikintu cya mbere mu kurinda ibinyabuzima birutuye ari uguhanga no kurinda pariki nshya.
Ni muri uru rwego mu mwaka wa 2016 hashinzwe Pariki ya Gishwati- Mukura. Yashinzwe ari Pariki ya kane u Rwanda rufite, ariko yo umwihariko wayo ni inyoni.
Bidatinze iyi Pariki yaje kugirwa umutungo ugize umurage w’isi nk’uko Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye rishinzwe ubumenyi, ubushakashatsi n’umuco, UNESCO, ryabyemeje.
Kugira ngo Gishwati-Mukura ibe Pariki nyayo byatewe n’umuhati washyizweho na Leta y’u Rwanda binyuze mu mushinga wiswe Landscape Approach to Forest Restoration and Conservation (LAFREC) wakozwe ku bufatanye bw’Ikigo cy’u Rwanda kirengera ibidukikije, REMA, n’inkunga yiswe Global Environment Facility yatanzwe na Banki y’Isi.
Ikigo Forest of Hope Association nacyo cyatanze umusanzu.
Ibi byatumye ririya shyamba risubirana rihinduka indiri y’ibinyabuzima bitangaje birimo amoko atandukanye y’inyoni, ibikururanda nk’inzoka, amoko y’ibiti birimo n’ibivugutwa bikabyazwa imiti n’ibindi.
Ikindi ni uko abahoze ari ba rushimusi bajyaga kwangiza ibinyabuzima byo muri ririya shyamba bimuwe, bahabwa ibyangombwa bituma bihaza mu biribwa bazibukira kongera kujya muri Gishwati- Mukura gushakayo inkwi, inyama n’ibindi.
Ubundi buryo u Rwanda rukoresha rwita ku binyabuzima bwaryo ni ukwirinda ko ingagi zarwo zahungabana.
Ingagi ni umutungo uri mitungo ikomeye u Rwanda rufite.
Zigomba kurindwa ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose cyazihungabanya, zikabaho zifite aho ziba hari ibyo zirya n’ibyatsi zivuza bihagije.
Abantu baturuka aho ari ho hose ku isi bakaza kuzisura kandi bishyura amafaranga afatika.
Aya mafaranga arenga miliyoni 1 Frw ku muntu atuma ziriya nyamaswa zikomeza kubungwabungwa.
Ikigo cy’u Rwanda gishizwe iterambere, RDB, nicyo gihora gicunga ko ziriya nyamaswa zihora zinezerewe ntawuzitera intugunda.
Hari umuhanga wigisha iby’ubukerarugendo uherutse kubwira Taarifa ko kuba gusura Pariki y’Ibirunga bihenze ari ikintu kiza kuko biramutse bihendutse yasurwa n’abantu benshi bakaba bakwangiza aho ingagi zituye.
Nk’uko bimeze kuri Pariki ya Gishwati-Mukura, abantu bahoze baturiye ibirunga nabo barimuwe batuzwa ahantu habyitaruye kandi bahabwa ku mafaranga ava muri ba mukerarugendo babisura.
Bashishikarijwe kwita ku ngagi no kuzirinda none byatumye zororoka ubu zirega 604.
Hari n’umushinga wo kwagura iriya Pariki kuko ingagi zabaye nyinshi.
Kubera ko zororotse ari nyinshi, hari raporo iherutse gutangaza ko umwanya w’ibara ritukura ryerekanaga ko ziri hafi kuzima ku isi wamanutse, ubu zikaba zifatwa nk’iziri kororoka.
Byasohotse ku rutonde rwitwa IUCN Red List 2021.
Tuvuye mu Birunga by’u Rwanda biherereye mu Majyaruguru yarwo, dushobora noneho kwambuka kure cyane tukajya mu Burasirazuba bwarwo ahari Pariki y’Akagera.
Iyi pariki yigeze kumara imyaka itari micye itarangwamo intare n’imwe.
Zari zarapfuye zirashira kubera ko abantu bazicaga baziziza ko zibarira inka.
Leta y’u Rwanda imaze kubona ko kutagira intare ari igihombo, yahisemo gukorana n’Ikigo gifite icyicaro muri Afurika y’Epfo kitwa African Parks, hanyuma izana muri Pariki y’Akagera intare.
Hari mu mwaka wa 2015.
Intare zaragarutse biba ibirori mu Rwanda.
Mu ishyamba ho byabaye ikibazo kuko inyamaswa zose zabagamo ntizari zarigeze zibona intare na rimwe.
Impyisi zo zarahuruye ziza kureba abo bashyitsi bashya ndetse n’impala ziraza.
Impala zo ntizatinze kubona ko uwo atari umushyitsi muhire kuko bidatinze intare zatangiye kuryamo zimwe.
Akamaro k’inyamaswa zirya inyama muri pariki si akandi ahubwo ni ako kurya inyamaswa zirisha kandi izi zororoka vuba.
Kugira ngo zitaba nyinshi zikarisha ubwatsi bwose ishyamba rigahinduka ubutayu ni ngombwa ko haba hari inyamaswa zizica zikazirya.
Muri pariki hakora itegeko ry’iringaniza.
U Rwanda kandi rwazanye n’inyamaswa za rutura bita inkura. Ni rutura kubera ko inkura ziremera kurusha amavatiri menshi tuzi.
Umwaka wa 2017 warangiye u Rwanda rufite inkura 18.
Mu mwaka wa 2019 haje izindi eshanu zavanywe i Burayi.
Pariki yose iri ahantu h’umurambi iba igomba kugira ubwoko butanu bw’inyamaswa nini kandi zikomeye kurusha izindi.
Izo nyamaswa ni intare, ingwe, imbogo, inzovu n’inkura.
Zose ubu ziri muri Pariki y’Akagera.
Tutarava kuri Pariki y’Akagera, abasomyi bagomba kumenya ko iyi ari yo Pariki ya mbere isurwa n’abantu benshi.
Umwihariko wayo ugereranyije n’izindi zo mu bihugu bituranye n’u Rwanda ni uko Pariki y’Akagera ari nto, bityo kuyisura ntibisaba iminsi umuntu ava ahantu runaka ajya kureba inyamaswa iyo zituye iyoooooo!
Ubuto bwayo kandi butuma inyamaswa zitavunwa no gukora urugendo zijya gushaka urwuri cyangwa amazi yo kunywa.
Ibi bituma inyamaswa zirisha zibona ubwatsi hafi yazo, inyoni zikabona aho zikura ubwatsi n’icyondo bwo kwarika ibyari, n’inyamaswa zirya inyama zikabona inyamaswa zirisha zo kwica bitazigoye.
Tugarutse ku muhati w’u Rwanda mu kurinda no kubungabunga ibidukikije byarwo, u Rwanda rwahisemo gushora imari mu kubaka hotel ahantu nyaburanga kandi zubatswe mu buryo burengera ibidukikije.
Ni ngombwa ko Leta ishora muri uru rwego kuko byagaragaye ko ruyinjiriza amafaranga y’amadovize menshi.
Umwaka wa 2019 warangiye rwinjije miliyoni 497$.
Ubu rufite hoteli zo ku rwego rwo hejuru nyinshi zirimo Singita, One&Only, Wilderness Safaris na Mantis Collection.
Hari n’izindi nka The Retreat, Amakoro Songa Africa, Sabyinyo Silverback Lodge na The Bishop’s House.
Uyu muhati watumye hari ibinyamakuru mpuzamahanga byandika ku hantu hakwiye gusurwa ku isi, byashyize u Rwanda mu bihugu umuntu yasura akazataha atinubye.
Kugira ngo rubishobore ariko, U Rwanda rwahisemo gukorana n’ibigo mpuzamahanga bizobereye mu kurinda ibidukikije harimo Greater Virunga Transboundary Collaboration, Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund, International Gorilla Conservation Programme, Wildlife Conservation Society, Gorilla Doctors, African Parks, Rwanda Wildlife Conservation Association, Albertine Rift Conservation Society na Kaminuza yitwa the African Leadership University.
Hari n’ibindi tutarondoye.
Mu rwego rwo gukomeza kumvisha abaturage akamaro ko kwita ku bidukikije, u Rwanda rwarahuye ubwenge kuri Costa Rica bwo guha agahimbazamusyi(incentive)umuntu wese wagaragaje uruhare mu kubungabunga ikinyabuzima runaka kigize ibidukikije.
Ubu bwenge mu Cyongereza babwise Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES).
Rumaranye igihe umugambi w’uko ubutaka bungana na 37.7% bugomba guharirwa amashyamba.
Mu magambo avunaguye nguwo umuvuno u Rwanda rwaciye kugira ngo rubungabunge ibidukikije byarwo.
