Mu gihe Kenya ari cyo gihugu cya mbere muri Afurika mu byerekeye gutanga no guhabwa serivisi z’imari hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga, u Rwanda narwo rukomeje gutera intambwe muri uyu mujyo.
Taarifa yahaye ikiganiro Umukozi wo mu Ishami rishinzwe uburyo bwo kwishyurana muri BNR Madamu Adeline Mukashema atubwira uko byifashe muri iki gihe…
Taarifa: Mukurikije uko imibare imeze musanga urwego rwo kwishyura no kwishyurwa hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga ruhagaze gute muri iki gihe mugereranyije n’uko byari bimeze mu myaka ishize?
BNR: Mu Rwanda, kwishyurana hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga bikorwa binyuze kuri telefoni (mobile payments na mobile banking), kuri murandasi cyangwa amakarita atangwa na banki. Abanyarwanda bitabiriye ubu buryo biturutse ku mpamvu nyinshi zitandukanye: harimo ubukangurambaga bwakozwe ku byiza byo kwishyurana hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga, ubukangurambaga bwo kwirinda kwandura COVID-19 ndetse havanyweho cyangwa hagabanywa ibiciro kuri serivisi zo kwishyurana ‘zimwe na zimwe.’
Ikindi cyafashije muri uru rwego ni uko hashyizweho amategeko n’amabwiriza asobanutse bituma imyumvire y’abaturage igenda ihinduka.
Kwishyura hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga akenshi mu Rwanda bikorwa binyuze mu gukoresha telefoni zigendanwa.
Mu mwaka wa 2021, umubare w’ibyuma umuntu yashoboraga kwishyuriraho umucuruzi mu iduka runaka( ibyo bita Point of Sale, POS) wageze kuri 36,042; umubare w’intumwa z’ibigo bitanga serivisi zo kwishyurana hakoreshejwe telefoni(agents) wageze kuri 144, 250 uvuye kuri 98, 359 muri 2019.
Abishyurana hakoreshejwe telefoni mu buryo buhoraho bageze kuri 5,125,090 muri 2021 bavuye kuri 4,700,987 muri 2019.
Umubare w’ibikorwa(inshuro) byo kwishyurana (mobile payments) wageze kuri 914, 947, 199 muri 2021 uvuye kuri 378, 847, 720 muri 2019 naho umubare w’amafaranga yishyuwe ugera kuri Frw 10,444,672 Frw uvuye kuri Frw 2, 349, 788.
Nakubwira kandi ko umubare w’abakoresha serivisi za banki binyuze muri telefoni (mobile banking) bageze kuri 2, 089, 299 muri 2021 bavuye kuri 2, 065, 624 muri 2019.
Umubare w’abakoresha serivisi za banki binyuze kuri murandasi (Internet banking) na wo wariyongereye ugera kuri 123, 242 muri 2021 uvuye kuri 91,825 muri 2019.
Iyi mibare iragaragaza ko Abanyarwanda bakomeje kumva akamaro ko gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu kwishyurana kandi bigirira akamaro ubukungu bw’igihugu muri rusange.
Taarifa: Mu Karere u Rwanda ruherereyemo no muri Afurika yose, Kenya niyo iza ku mwanya wa mbere mu kwishyurana muri ubu buryo. u Rwanda rwo ruhagaze rute?
BNR: Nk’uko imibare yatanzwe hejuru ibyerekana, kwishyurana hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga bigenda bikoreshwa cyane mu Rwanda; ibi bikagaragazwa n’uko muri rusange umubare w’amafaranga yahererekanyijwe mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga uwugereranyije n’umusaruro mbumbe w’imbere mu gihugu (GDP) wazamutse ugera kuri 95.5% muri Kamena 2021 uvuye kuri 34.6% muri 2019.
Taarifa: Ese hari izihe mbogamizi zituma Abanyarwanda badakoresha ubu buryo ku rwego rwatuma u Rwanda ruca kuri Kenya?
BNR: N’ubwo abaturage bitabira kwishyurana hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga, haracyari imbogamizi zituma hakiri abacyishyurana hakoreshejwe amafaranga yo mu ntoki (cash):
Biterwa ahanini n’imyumvire ya bamwe itarahinduka ku birebana n’ibyiza by’ikoranabuhanga mu kwishyurana.
Hari kandi bamwe bacibwa intege n’ubujura mu by’ikoranabuhanga butuma hari bamwe bacika intege bakabutakariza icyizere.
Bamwe iyo bumvise iby’ubu bujura bahita batinya gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu kwizigamira no guhererekanya amafaranga.
Indi mpamvu ni uko hari abasanga ikiguzi cyishyurwa n’ababukoresha kikiri hejuru n’ubwo hari serivisi zakuriweho icyo kiguzi.
Taarifa: Ni izihe nama BNR itanga kugira ngo ‘digital payments’ zirusheho gutezwa imbere mu Rwanda kurusha uko bimeze ubu?
BNR: Kugira ngo kwishyurana hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga bikomeze gutezwa imbere, Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda ikorana n’abafatanyabikorwa bayo mu gukomeza ubukangurambaga bwigisha abaturage ibyiza byo kwishyurana hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga, uko bakwirinda ubujura bwabakorerwa no kumenya uburenganzira bwabo mu guhabwa serivisi zo kwishyurana.
BNR kandi irimo gukora inyigo mu rwego rwo kumenya niba koko ikiguzi cya serivisi zo kwishyurana kiri hejuru n’icyakorwa kugira ngo kigabanyuke igihe isanze ari ko biteye.
Taarifa: Turabashimiye ikiganiro muduhaye.
BNR: Murakoze namwe.
