Igice cya mbere cy’iri perereza cyagaragaje uko umuyoboro w’abagizi ba nabi bafite ubuhanga buhanitse mu ikoranabuhanga wigeze kwinjira muri sisitemu za Banki ya Equity mu Rwanda.
Iki gice cya kabiri kireba ikibazo gikurikira kandi gikomeye cyane: amafaranga amaze kwibwa, yoherejwe ate mu buryo bwihuse vuba cyane, akagera henshi, kandi yanyuze hehe?
Ibisubizo, nk’uko bigaragara mu nyandiko zasuzumwe na Taarifa Rwanda, biganisha mu buryo butaziguye ku mikorere ya Mobile Money; by’umwihariko kuri Mobile Money Rwanda Ltd ndetse no ku ruhererekane rw’ibikorwa byatumye miliyari z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda zikwirakwira mu masaha make kandi mu bantu benshi.
Kuko kwiba amafaranga mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga ari igice kimwe gusa cy’icyaha naho igice cya kabiri ni ukuyakuramo no kuyacuruza.
Kandi muri ibi byose, bigaragara ko umuyoboro wakoreshejwe mu kuyakuramo wari uteguye neza kandi watekerejweho nk’uko no kwinjira muri sisitemu byari byarateguwe.
Mu gihe ihererekanya ry’amafaranga ritemewe ryatangiraga muri Equity Bank Rwanda hagati muri Gashyantare 2026, abashinzwe iperereza bemeza ko inzira zo kuyasohora zari zarateguwe mbere.
Amakonti ya Mobile money yari ahari, SIM cards zikora kandi abazakira ayo mafaranga bari biteguye.
Ibi bigaragaza ko uburiganya butari bushingiye gusa ku kwinjira muri sisitemu (hacking) ahubwo bwanashingiraga cyane ku zindi mbuga zo hanze zishobora kwakira, kugabanya, kohereza no kubikuza amafaranga menshi mbere y’uko hagira igikorwa cyo kubihagarika gitangira.
Kohereza arenga miliyari enye z’amafaranga mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga bisaba sisitemu, uburenganzira, ubushobozi bw’amakonti, abakira amafaranga, uko ibikorwa bikurikirana n’inzira zo kubikuza.
Ibi bishimangira ko abakoze ubu buriganya batakoraga ibintu byihuse batatekerejeho. Bakoraga bakurikije umurongo w’ubucuruzi wari warateguwe mbere.
Ibaruwa yasuzumwe na Taarifa, yanditswe na banki igenewe Mobile Money Rwanda Ltd ku wa 24 Gashyantare 2026, igaragaza neza iyo shusho.
Muri iyo baruwa, banki ivuga ko habonetse ibikorwa by’amafaranga byifashishije amakonti ya MoMo bingana na Frw 1,746,897,761.
Ibindi biganiro hagati ya Equity Bank na Mobile Money Rwanda byagaragaje ko hari andi mafaranga akemangwa yoherejwe kuri MoMo Rwanda atanyuze mu buryo busanzwe bwo guhererekanya amafaranga hagati ya banki na MoMo, ayo akaba angana na Frw 2,389,150,200.
Iyo mibare ihurijwe hamwe igera kuri Frw 4,136,047,961 mu gihe igice gusa cyayo ari cyo cyari cyagarujwe icyo gihe. Iyo mibare ni ingenzi bidashingiye gusa ku bwinshi bwayo ahubwo n’icyo igaragaza muri rusange.
Imvugo ya Equity Bank muri iyo baruwa irasobanutse cyane.
Iyi banki ivuga ko iyo urebye uko ibintu byagenze, ubona ko uku kunyuranya n’amabwiriza bisobanura neza ko habayeho ikoreshwa nabi rya sisitemu n’uburiganya bwateguwe.
Mu by’ukuri, amafaranga asa n’ayanyuze mu nzira zidakoreshwa mu bikorwa busanzwe byemewe.
Aha ni ho igenzura rikomeye ritangirira ku ruhare rwa MoMo Rwanda.
Kugira ngo bisobanuke neza, MTN na MoMo Rwanda ni ibigo bibiri bitandukanye.
MoMo ni ishami ritanga serivisi z’amafaranga kuri telefone, mu gihe MTN ari yo sosiyete nyamukuru itanga serivisi z’itumanaho.
Taarifa kandi yamenye ko nyuma y’ubu buriganya, Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda (BNR), igenzura ibikorwa bya Equity Bank Rwanda na Mobile Money Rwanda Ltd, yahise ihamagarwa na Equity Bank.
Amakuru yizewe avuga ko Equity yasabye ubufasha bwihuse ndetse inifuza ko MoMo Rwanda igira uruhare rukomeye mu guhagarika, gufunga cyangwa gusubiza inyuma ibikorwa by’amafaranga bikemangwa mu gihe byari bigishoboka kuyagaruza.
Aya makuru kandi avuga ko mbere yo kwegera BNR, Equity yari yabanje kuvugana na MoMo Rwanda isaba ubufasha, ariko igasanga igisubizo cya mbere kidafatika mu gihe amafaranga yo yari agikomeje kugenda yihuta.
Abakoze iperereza bavuga ko kimwe mu byihutirwaga icyo gihe cyari ukubona amakuru yagaragaza niba hari itumanaho ryabaye hagati y’abakekwaho, abafite amakonti, abakozi ba MoMo, abahuza n’abandi bagize uruhare muri icyo gihe.
Ayo makuru yari ingenzi cyane mu kumenya uko ibikorwa byateguwe, kumenya ababiyoboye no gukurikirana uko amafaranga yabikujwe.
Amakuru aturuka ku bakurikiranye igikorwa cyo kugaruza ayo mafaranga avuga ko gutinda kubona ubufatanye n’amakuru afatika byadindije cyane ibikorwa byo gukurikirana amafaranga mu ntangiriro.
Mu byaha nk’ibi aho amafaranga akwirakwira vuba, buri saha iba ifite akamaro kanini mu kuyagaruza cyangwa kuyatakaza burundu.
Nyuma yo kubona ko ubufatanye bwari bukenewe butabonekaga uko bikwiye, bivugwa ko Equity Bank yakoresheje indi miyoboro y’ubutasi n’ubundi buryo bwo gukurikirana abakekwaho, kubika ibimenyetso no kwihutisha ifatwa ryabo.
Abakekwaho uruhare batandatu bafatiwe muri Uganda, ubu bakaba bafungiwe muri gereza ya Ruzira, mu gihe umwe mu bayobozi babo yafatiwe muri Kenya (ariko yaje kurekurwa by’agateganyo mu buryo bushidikanywaho).
Amazina yabo azatangazwa mu nkuru itaha.
Hari n’amakuru avuga ko Urwego rw’Ubugenzacyaha (RIB) rwaje kongera imbaraga mu iperereza nyuma y’igihe kandi byagaragaraga ko habayemo kudindira.
Muri icyo gihe kandi, abashakashatsi basuzumaga ibikoresho, itumanaho n’ibyateguwe mbere y’icyo cyaha, bemeza ko Equity Bank ishobora kuba yari imwe mu zindi banki zari buzibasirwe n’ubwo bugizi bwa nabi.
Amakuru yizewe avuga ko uwo muyoboro wari ufite imigambi yo kwibasira n’izindi banki, iyo utaza guhagarikwa hakiri kare, bikavugwa kandi ko ababikoraga bari abahanga cyane babifitemo ubunararibonye.
Mu gusubiza ibibazo bya Taarifa, MTN na MoMo Rwanda bavuze ko bafata iki kibazo nk’icy’ingenzi cyane, ko batihanganira uburiganya kandi ko bafite intego yo kurinda abakiriya no kubungabunga icyizere mu rwego rw’imari.
Banahakanye ko ikibazo cyaturutse ku makosa mu kwandikisha SIM cards cyangwa gukora amakonti menshi icyarimwe.
MTN yavuze ko nimero 341 zavuzwe na Equity Bank, zari SIM cards za MTN zifitanye isano na MoMo, ariko zitari zaraguzwe icyarimwe.
Ahubwo ngo zari zimaze imyaka ziranditswe, zimwe zandikwa mu mwaka wa 2018 na 2019, mu gihe izanditswe muwa 2026 ari 12 gusa.
Ibi ni ingenzi kuko byerekana ko batifashishije SIM nshya nyinshi icyarimwe, ahubwo bakoresheje izari zisanzwe zikora, bigatuma bigorana kubibona nk’ibidasanzwe.
MTN yavuze ko izo SIM zari zisanzwe zikora, kandi ko zose zanditswe hubahirijwe amabwiriza ya KYC, aho indangamuntu imwe idashobora kwandikwaho SIM zirenga eshatu.
Nanone yavuze ko zimwe zanditswe mbere y’uko hajyaho ibisabwa bya biométrique( ubu ni uburyo bwo kumenya imyorondoro ihamye ya runaka ubaruwe kuri nomero runaka) ariko ngo zari zemewe icyo gihe.
Ibi ariko bihindura uburyo iperereza rirebamo ikibazo.
Aho kwibaza niba SIM nyinshi zarahise zikorwa icyarimwe, ikibazo gihinduka kumenya niba amakonti asanzwe ahari yaraje gukoreshwa nabi nyuma, yibwe, yatijwe cyangwa yinjijwe mu muyoboro w’uburiganya.
Hagati aho kandi biramenyerewe ko amakonti amaze igihe ashobora kugira agaciro kurusha mashya.
Aba afite amateka y’ibikorwa, atagaragara cyane nk’akemangwa, kandi afite ubushobozi busanzwe bwo gukora ibyemewe muri rusange.
MTN yavuze ko nta kwandikisha SIM nyinshi icyarimwe kwabayeho, nta bakozi bayo bakoze amakosa, kandi ko abagenzuzi nta kibazo babonye.
Ariko impungenge ntizirashira.
Nimero 341 zakiriye amafaranga mu bikorwa 861 zigaragaza uburyo amafaranga yakwirakwijwe mu buryo budasanzwe.
MTN yasobanuye ko abakiriya ari bo bifungurira amakonti ya MoMo bakoresheje PIN, kandi ko amakonti yose yubahirije uburyo bwa KYC bwavuzwe haruguru.
Yanavuze ko menshi muri ayo makonti yari asanzwe akoreshwa mbere y’iki kibazo.
Ibi bishobora gusobanura ko amakonti asanzwe ari yo yakoreshejwe mu buriganya, yaba ba nyirayo babizi cyangwa batabizi.
Hari n’ayo MTN yavuze ko yari afitanye isano n’abakozi ba MoMo (agents), kandi ko bari banditswe mu buryo bwemewe.
Ibi nabyo ni ingenzi kuko ayo makonti ashobora kwakira amafaranga menshi vuba.
MTN yavuze ko ibikorwa byose byari mu mipaka isanzwe yemewe, bikagaragaza ko amafaranga yagabanyijwe mu bice bito bito kugira ngo atagaragara nk’adasanzwe.
Ibi ni uburyo buzwi mu kurenga ku mategeko y’ubugenzuzi bw’uburiganya (structuring).
Amakuru Taarifa yabonye mu byo abakekwaho ubwo bujura bafatiwe muri Uganda, agaragaza ko hari umuntu wo muri MTN wabafashije kubona SIM cards mbere.
Ibi rero biramutse byememejwe uko, byanyuranya n’ibyo MTN ivuga.
MTN yavuze ko amakonti n’ibikorwa byafunzwe nyuma, ariko SIM zigakomeza gukora, yanavuze ko nta mukozi wayo uri gukorwaho iperereza.
Ku bakora iperereza, kubahiriza amategeko mu kwandikisha SIM si byo byonyine biba bikenewe.
Ikibazo gikomeye ni ukurikirana imyitwarire y’amakonti nyuma.
Ese amakonti menshi yatangiye kwakira amafaranga icyarimwe? Ese ibyo byose byakozwe mu gihe gito ku rwego rungana rute, kandi haba hari isano runaka riri hagati y’ibikoresho byakoreshejwe, ababigizemo uruhare n’aho byabereye?
Ibi rero nibyo abakora iperereza batindaho, babigenzurira uburemere bwabyo ngo barebe aho ibintu bihurira.
Amakuru avuga ko bamwe mu bakozi muri Equity batishimiye ubufatanye bwa MoMo, nubwo MTN yo ivuga ko yatanze amakuru yose yari akenewe.
Ariko abashakashatsi bavuga ko igihe n’amakuru byihuse ari byo byari bikenewe cyane.
Mu byaha nk’ibi, iminota irabarwa.
Ni yo mpamvu abatanga serivisi za mobile money bagira uruhare rukomeye mu guhagarika ayo mafaranga.
Ibi ntibisobanura ko MTN yakoze amakosa, ariko sisitemu zayo ziri gukorwaho igenzura rikomeye.
Ibibazo byinshi biracyariho hibazwa uko ibintu mu by’ukuri byagenze, hakarebwa niba hari za konti zahindutse mu mikorere mu buryo bwihuse kandi budasanzwe, hakarebwa kandi niba nta bantu babigizemo uruhare, barenze ku mabwiriza y’ibyo bari bashinzwe.
RIB ntirarangiza iperereza.
Ku Banyarwanda benshi, mobile money ni ingenzi mu mibereho ya buri munsi.
Icyizere muri iyo sisitemu gishingira ku kumenya ko uburiganya buhita bugaragara kandi bugahagarikwa.
Iki kibazo rero kirenze banki imwe kandi gifite aho gihurira ku cyizere Abanyarwanda bafitiye ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa mu by’ubukungu n’imari.
Ku ruhande rwa Equity Bank, igaragaza ko ari yo yagabweho igitero.
Ariko nta banki ishobora kugaruza amafaranga yonyine, ahubwo bisaba ubufatanye bw’ibigo byose birebwa n’imari n’ikoranabuhanga rijyana n’uru rwego rw’ubukungu.
Igice gikurikira kizagaragaza uko amafaranga yabikujwe kuva ku makonti ya mbere kugeza k’ukuyasohora no kuyambutsa imipaka, ndetse n’abantu babigizemo uruhare.
Soma igice cya mbere cy’iri perereza:
Kwiba Equity Bank Rwanda (Igice Cya 1): Menya Uko Ikoranabuhanga Ryakoreshejwe
