Ikigo gishinzwe kwita ku bidukikije, Rwanda Environment Management Authority ( REMA) cyasohoye gahunda y’imyaka itanu ikubiyemo uburyo 22 giteganyamo kubungabunga ibidukikije bitarenze mu mwaka wa 2030.
Ni gahunda bise National Biodiversity and Action Plan yakozwe hashingiwe ku masezerano ibihugu byemeranyiriheho muri Canada yiswe Kunming-Montreal ku Binyabuzima (GBF) asaba ko ibihugu byayasinye byakora uko bishoboye bigasubiza urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima mu mimerere myiza rwahozemo.
Muri iyo politiki ya REMA igizwe na paji 142, kuri paji ya 20 hagaragaza ko nubwo kugera ku byo biriya bihugu byiyemeje ari akazi gakomeye, u Rwanda rwanzuye kuzakora ibishoboka byose bikagerwaho kubera akamaro rubibonamo.
Muri izo ngingo iya mbere ivuga ko kugeza mu 2030, Leta izaba yaramaze gushyiraho igenamigambi n’imicungire y’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka byubahiriza kandi bikita ku binyabuzima.
Bizakorwa k’ubufatanye n’abaturage kugira ngo hirindwe ko abo baturage bakomeza kwangiza ibinyabuzima kandi ikigero cy’uko babikoraga kigabanuke kigere hafi ya zeru.
Indi ntego ni uko kugeza muwa 2030, hazasanwa nibura ku kigero cya 10% cy’ubuso bw’ubutaka bwangiritse bitewe n’isuri, aho hakabamo ibishanga, ibiyaga, inzuzi n’ahantu h’ingenzi hari urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima.
Muri uriya mwaka kandi hazakorwa bushya cyangwa hongerwe ibikorwa byo gucunga neza nibura 11% by’ubutaka n’amazi binyuze muri gahunda zo kurinda ko urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima rukomeza kwangirika, zikazahuzwa n’uburenganzira abaturage bafite ku masambu yabo.
REMA yanditse ko muri icyo gihe hazashimangirwa ingamba zo kubungabunga ibinyabuzima hagamijwe kuzamura imibereho yabyo no kubirinda kwicwa n’abantu babiziza ko bibangamira imibereho yabyo.
Kugeza mu mwaka wa 2030, hazakorwa ibishoboka amashyamba abungwabungwe neza binyuze mu guha ibinyabuzima umwanya nyawo wo kubamo no kwagukiramo.
Hazashyirwaho kandi uburyo bwo kurinda ko hari ubundi bwoko bw’ibimera cyangwa inyamaswa bwaduka muri ibyo bice kuko byabibera ibyonnyi.
Ibyo kandi bizajyanirana no guca ba rushimusi.
Hazakorwa ibishoboka hagabanuke ijanisha rya 50% ryo kwiyongera kw’iby’ibyonnyi mu bice birinzwe hagamijwe kugabanya ingaruka zabyo ku binyabuzima na serivisi z’urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima bituye aho hantu.
Bizajyanirana no kugabanya imyanda n’indi myuka cyangwa ibintu bihumanya ibidukikije bituruka mu buhinzi, inganda n’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro bigabanuke kugeza ku rwego bitazagira ingaruka ku binyabuzima.
Bumwe mu buryo Leta iteganya kuzabikoramo ni ukugabanya ikoreshwa ry’imiti yica udukoko n’ibindi binyabutabire bifite ubukana bukabije.
Ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe ku binyabuzima zizarwanywa, hanongerwe ubushobozi bwabyo bwo guhangana nizo ngaruka binyuze mu guhanga ibisubizo bishingiye kandi bifitiye akamaro ibidukikije (Nature-Based Solutions), iyo mishinga ikaziganza mu bice byibasirwa cyane.
Ahororerwa amafi naho hazongerwa kandi habungabungwe, bikazagirira akamaro amafi n’abantu bazayorora n’abazayafungura.
Mu Rwanda kandi hazahangwa ahantu hashya hatoshye, hari ubusitani n’ahandi ho kuruhurira mu mutwe.
Mu kubikora, hazibandwa ku igenamigambi ry’imijyi ryita ku binyabuzima harimo ahanini amoko kavukire y’ibimera n’inyamaswa.
Kugeza mu mwaka 2030 politiki zo kwinjiza ibinyabuzima n’agaciro kabyo mu mategeko, politiki, amabwiriza, igenamigambi n’ifatwa ry’ibyemezo zizaba zarashyizwe mu nzego zose z’imiyoborere.
Ibigo binini bikorera mu Rwanda, cyane cyane ibyo ku rwego mpuzamahanga n’ibigo by’imari ‘bizategekwa’ gusuzuma no gutangaza ingaruka ibikorwa byabyo bigira ku binyabuzima, bityo bikazafasha mu kubibungabunga no guteza imbere iterambere rirambye.
Inzego zose zizaba zifite ubushobozi bwo gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba zo guteza imbere imikoreshereze y’umusaruro uva mu bantu ku giti cyabo, mu bigo no muri Leta, hagamijwe kugabanya imyanda, gukumira gukoresha umutungo kamere birenze urugero
Hazanongerwa ubushobozi mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ingamba z’umutekano mu ikoranabuhanga ry’ibinyabuzima (biosafety) no gukoresha mu buryo burambye ibikomoka kuri biyotekinoloji.
Kumenya no gukuraho ibishobora kwangiza ibinyabuzima no kongera uburyo butanga inyungu mu kubibungabunga bizongerwamo imbaraga.
REMA itangaza ko kugeza mu mwaka wa 2030, igihugu kizakusanya nibura miliyoni 500 z’amadolari ya Amerika aturutse ahantu hatandukanye hanahuzwe ingengo y’imari n’intego zo kubungabunga ibinyabuzima mu buryo burambye.
Hazanatezwa imbere ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi n’ubufatanye bwa tekiniki no gushimangira itumanaho, ubukangurambaga, uburezi no gukurikirana uko ibinyabuzima bibayeho.
Igenamigambi ry’icyo gihe rivuga ko hazemezwa ko amakuru, ubumenyi n’imibare bijyanye n’ibinyabuzima biboneka kandi bikoreshwa mu gufasha abafata ibyemezo no kuyobora ibikorwa byo kubibungabunga mu buryo burambye.
REMA ivuga ko bitarenze umwaka wa 2030, abagore, abana n’abafite ubumuga bazaba bagira uruhare mu guteza imbere ibinyabuzima kandi nabo bikabagirira akamaro, ntawe uhejwe.
