Mbere yo kureba uko iki giti kizabungwabungwa, ni byiza kwibuka ko hari n’inka zitwa inkungu, zikarangwa no kutagira amahembe.
Abahanga mu by’ibimera bakita Diospyros abyssinica kikaba kiri mu bwoko bw’ibiti biri hafi gucika kubera kwibasirwa n’indwara, abagicana cyangwa bakagitema ngo bagurishe imbaho zacyo cyangwa se bakagitema ngo babone aho batura, aho baragira n’aho bubaka ibikorwaremezo.
Mu Rwanda iki giti cyera mu Ntara y’Uburasirazuba, Leta ikazakibungabungira hamwe n’ibindi biti muri gahunda yayo yo gutuma urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima bwo muri aka gace kari mu twagizweho ingaruka n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere mu gihe kirekire rwongera kwisuganya.
Ahantu iki giti cyera kurusha ahandi ni muri Nyagatare, ahitwa Karushuga.
Inkungu ni igiti kigira imbaho zirabura, zikomeye kandi ziremera zikoreshwa mu bubaji bw’ibikoresho bihenze bikoreshwa mu ngo z’abakire n’ibindi bikomerezwa.
Kubera ko imbaho zacyo ziri mu bwoko bita Ebony trees, ziraramba kandi ziri mu zihenze kurusha izindi ku isi.
Izi mbaho zikorwamo ibikoresho byo mu nzu biremereye, imitako y’imbere mu nyubako, inkingi z’inyubako n’inkingi zifashishwa nk’igikwa mu birombe.
Kera mu mateka hari aho abaturage bakoraga imiti mu bishishwa by’ibi biti, iyo miti ikavura impiswi igahabwa n’abarwayi ba malariya.
Ikigo cy’u Rwanda gishinzwe Amashyamba (RFA), binyuze mu mushinga wa COMBIO uterwa inkunga n’Ikigo cya Suwede gishinzwe ubutwererane mpuzamahanga mu iterambere (Sida), cyagaragaje aho iki giti kiboneka, gitangiza gahunda yo gutuma kirushaho gukurira mu Karere ka Nyagatare.
Kukigarurira ubuzima bizatuma kidacika mu Rwanda, kibungwabungwe mu rwego rwo kukibyaza umusaruro abahanga bakiziho.
Kuba cyari kigiye gucika byanemejwe n’abahanga bo muri kiriya kigo, bose bagahuriza ku ngingo y’uko mu Rwanda hose habarurwa ibiti bitarenzi 12.
Abo bahanga barimo Porofeseri Elias Bizuru, Michael B. Thomas, Concorde Nsengumuremyi na Gaspard Munyaneza bemeza ko igiti kitwa inkungu kiri mu bindi icumi nabyo byari hafi gucika.
Gusa bemeza ko cyo kihariye kubera akamaro gifite mu bukungu.
Bizuru yabwiye bagenzi bacu ba The New Times ati: “Twasesenguye icyihariye kuri iki giti dusanga gitanga imbaho z’agaciro kanini. Imbaho zacyo ziba zifite ibara ry’umukara karemano ku buryo zidasaba gusigwa irangi. Ziraremereye kandi zirakomeye ku buryo zishobora no gukoreshwa mu nyubako z’amagorofa menshi, bikagabanya ikoreshwa rya sima n’ibyuma. Twasanze mu gihugu hose hari hasigaye ibiti bitarenze 12.”
Mu kubyongerera amahirwe yo kudacika, ubu mu gihugu hamaze guterwa ibiti by’inkungu bigera ku 2,700.
Mbere yo kubitera, nk’uko Professeur Bizura abivuga, habanje guhumbikwa ingemwe 5,000; ariko hakura ingemwe 2,700.
Ubuhumbikiro bwazo buri muri Kayonza i Gahini, i Gatsibo ahitwa Ryomba, i Nyagatare ahitwa Karushuga n’i Rwamagana ahitwa Murambi.
Iki giti ntigikurira aho ari ho hose ahubwo gikunda ahashyuha kandi hari amazi ni ukuvuga inzuzi n’ibiyaga.
Imbuto zacyo zikunda kuboneka muri Kanama kikaba igiti gikura buhoro buhoro bigatuma imbaho zacyo zitangira gusarurwa nyuma y’imyaka 30.
Ni igiti kirekire cyane kuko iyo ikirere kigikundiye, gishobora kugira uburebure bwa metero hagati ya 20 na 30, umurambararo w’amashami yacyo ukagira byibura hagati ya sentimetero ziri hagati ya 50 na sentimetero 100 bigatuma kiba inganzamarumbu bihaga inyoni ahantu ho kugwa, amatungo n’abantu bakacyugamamo izuba.
Igicucu gitanga gituma munsi yacyo hahehera, ibimera bihari bikagubwa neza.
Abahanga bakurikirana iby’iki giti bavuga ko u Rwanda nurucyeza ku musaruro mwiza, ruzagurisha imbuto zacyo muri Uganda, Kenya no muri Tanzania.
Hagati aho, u Rwanda rufite gahunda yo gushyiraho ubusitani bwihariye bwo kubungabungiramo ibidukikije buzubakwa mu Burasirazuba, bukazajya bwitabwaho n’abahatuye.
Buzaba bufite hegitari ziri hagati ya 15 na 20, bukazabungabungirwamo ibiti kamere byo muri kiriya gice cy’u Rwanda.
Ubwo busitani bita ‘Jardin Botanique’ mu Gifaransa buzaba bufite ubuhumbikiro, bugire ubusitani bw’ibimera butandukanye, ubusitani bw’ibimera bikorwamo imiti, ubw’ibimera bikurwamo amavuta y’ingenzi( ‘essential oils), ubw’imbuto ziribwa, ahakusanyirizwa imbuto z’ibihuru kavukire n’ibindi bikorwa byo kubungabunga bicungwa n’amakoperative y’abaturage.
Prof Bizuru atangaza ko muri bwo hazaterwa ibiti by’ubwoko 104 bw’ibiti kavukire, harimo n’Inkungu.
Nk’uko ikigo Rwanda Forestry Authority, RFA, kibitangaza, mu gihembwe cyo gutera ibiti cya 2025/2026 hatewe ibiti birenga miliyoni 68, birenze intego yari yarashyizweho ya miliyoni 60 ku kigero cya 14%.
Iyo gahunda ntiyagamije gusa kongera ubuso buteyeho amashyamba, ahubwo yanibanze ku kongera kubungabunga ibiti kavukire bifasha urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima no kurwanya iyangirika ry’ubutaka.
Umuyobozi Mukuru wa RFA, Concorde Nsengumuremyi, yavuze ko iyi gahunda yafashije gukiza ubwoko kavukire bw’ibiti bwari bwugarijwe no kuzimira, harimo inkungu, umwumba n’umunege.
Ati: “Twabonye ko mu Ntara y’Uburasirazuba hari hasigaye ibiti 12 gusa by’igiti kitwa umunege. Kuva icyo gihe twashatse ingemwe maze dutera ibiti bigera ku 5,000 kugira ngo twongere kubibungabunga”.
Mu gihembwe cyo gutera ibiti cya 2025/2026, Intara y’Uburasirazuba niyo yateyemo ibiti byinshi bingana na miliyoni 26.8, ikurikirwa n’Intara y’Amajyepfo yateyemo miliyoni 19.2, Intara y’Uburengerazuba miliyoni 16.2, Intara y’Amajyaruguru miliyoni 5.1 naho Umujyi wa Kigali uterwamo ibiti hafi 858,000.
Muri rusange, u Rwanda rwamaze kugaragaza ubwoko 17 bw’ibiti kavukire byugarijwe no kuzimira, bikazaba ari byo byibandwaho mu kubibungabunga.
