Ifaranga rikomeye kurusha andi ku isi ari ryo ‘idolari rya Amerika, $’ rigiye kumara amezi atandatu rihagaze nabi. Ni ibintu abahanga mu bukungu bavuga ko byaherukaga mu mwaka wa 1973 ubwo Amerika yayoborwaga na Richard Nixon.

Mu mwaka wa 2025, ibibazo by’idolari byatewe ahanini n’impinduka mu mikorere y’amasoko mpuzamahanga y’imari n’imigabane zatewe na politiki z’ubukungu za Perezida Donald Trump zaje zihindura ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga muri rusange.

Abashoramari ku masoko y’imari n’imigabane ku rwego mpuzamahanga bikanze ko amafaranga bashoye yazata agaciro, akabura abayagura kuko abaguzi kuri ayo masoko batangiye kubigendamo gake birinda kugura hanyuma ejo bagahomba.

Ubusanzwe, imikorere y’amasoko nkayo ishingira ku cyizere kigendana n’uko nta hindagurika rya hato na hato riba riri ku biciro ku buryo umuntu yakwizera ko aho yashoye azunguka mu gihe cyagenwe.

Icyakora siko byagenze mu mezi atandatu ashize kuko igipimo mpuzamahanga cyerekana uko amafaranga akomeye kurusha andi ku isi yari ahagaze mu gaciro, cyerekana ko amadolari ya Amerika yatakaje agaciro ka 10.8% muri iki gice cya mbere cy’umwaka wa 2025.

Andi mafaranga akomeye ku rwego rw’isi ni ama pound(yo mu Bwongereza), ama Euros( akoreshwa mu Burayi) n’ama Yen( amafaranga y’Ubushinwa).

Ibyemezo Perezida Trump yafashe mu rwego rw’ubukungu bishingiye ahanini mu gushyiraho imisoro ihanitse ku bintu runaka bituruka mu bihugu byinshi, ariko ntatinde kuyigabanya cyangwa kuyikuraho, byashyize abashoramari mu gihirahiro bibaza aho ibintu bigana.

Kutamenya uko ibyemezo uyu muyobozi w’igihugu cya mbere gikize kurusha ibindi bizamera mu gihe kirambye,  byatumye abashoramari birinda gushora amadolari yabo, bituma iri faranga ritakaza agaciro mu rugero runaka.

Ahantu ha mbere ibyo byateje impungenge ni muri Banki nkuru ya Amerika bita Federal Reserve, Banki iyoborwa na Jerome Hayden Powell.

Indi ngingo muri iki gihe ihangayikishije abahanga mu bukungu bw’Amerika ni iy’imisoro iherutse gutangazwa na Perezida Trump igize icyo yise “big, beautiful” tax bill.

Iyi misoro ubu yateje impaka ndende mu Nteko ishinga amategeko y’iki gihugu.

Zimwe mu ngingo zigize inyandiko iyikubiyemo zivuga ko imyenda Amerika ishaka gufata ibarirwa muri za miliyari z’amadolari ibihumbi byinshi ikizazikoresha mu myaka mirongo iri imbere.

Abashora mu masoko y’imari n’imigabane bakirangiza kubyumva byabakuye umutima.

Hagati aho, n’igiciro cya zahabu ku isoko mpuzamahanga cyakomeje kuzamuka, abasomyi bakibuka ko iri buye ry’agaciro rifatwa nk’amafaranga igihugu kiba kizigamiye.

Iby’idolari bijya kuzamba byatangiye tariki 02, Mata, 2025 ubwo ubuyobozi bwa Donald Trump bwatangarizaga amahanga iby’imisoro mishya kandi ihanitse yashyiriweho ibihugu byinshi ku isi hagamijwe ko ibikorerwa muri Amerika biba ari byo byiganza ku isoko ryayo.

Bigitangazwa, abantu bahise bibaza uko biri bugende mu gihe ibyinshi mu byo Abanyamerika bahahaga byavaga hanze kandi baragombaga kubaho byanze bikunze.

Ku masoko y’imari n’imigabane ntihatinze kuboneka igihombo cya Miliyari $ ibihumbi 5 cyahise kuboneka mu bigo 500 bikomeye bicururiza ku masoko y’imari n’imigabane.

Trump amaze kubona ko ibintu ku masoko y’imari n’imigabane bibaye bibi cyane kandi mu gihe gito, yahise yisubira ku cyemezo cye atangaza ko iby’iriya misoro bibaye bihagaze mu gihe cy’iminsi 90 ni ukuvuga amezi atatu.

Gusa iki cyemezo nticyarebaga Ubushinwa, igihugu cya mbere Abanyamerika bahahirana nacyo kikaba icya kabiri gikize ku isi.

Uko iminsi yatambukaga, ibiganiro byo gucubya uwo mwuka mubi mu bucuruzi hagati ya Washington na Beijing byarakomeje ndetse biza gutanga umusaruro mu rugero runaka.

Nyamara n’ubwo ari uko kugeza ubu bimeze, abashoramari bo ntibaragirira icyizere imiterere ya politiki y’ifaranga bityo baracyagenda biguru ntege mu gushora imari yabo mu madolari.

Ibi kandi niko bimeze no mu bigo mpuzamahanga bigenzura imari y’isi kuko muri Kamena uyu mwaka, Ikigo mpuzamahanga gishinzwe ubufatanye mu bukungu n’iterambere, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) cyatangaje ko izamuka cyari cyaragennye ko Amerika izagira mu bukungu bwayo ryagabanutse riva kuri  2.2 % rigera kuri 1.6%.

Umushinga wa Donald Trump muri ya gahunda ye yise Big Beautiful Bill uvuga ko Amerika igomba gusohora amafaranga make mu kigega cyayo ahubwo igakoresha ayo yagujije amahanga.

Impaka ziyigibwaho zirakomeye ku buryo hari abavuga ko ibyawo bizasobanuka neza mu Kanama, 2025 nubwo byari byitezwe ko bitangazwa kuri uyu wa Gatanu tariki 04, Nyakanga.

Mu Nteko ishinga amategeko ya Amerika bamwe bavuga ko iki gihugu gikwiye kutarenza inguzanyo ya Tiriyari $ 36.2 mu gihe abagize Komite yayo ishinzwe iby’ingengo y’imari bavuga ko itagomba kurenza Tiriyari $ 3.3 mu gihe kitarenga umwaka wa 2034.

Igishishikaje imibare y’abahanga mu by’ubukungu ni ukureba uko Amerika iteganya kuzabona ayo mafaranga no kuzayishyura mu gihe uwo mwenda uzaba ubarirwa ku ijanisha rya 124% ugereranyije n’umusaruro mbumbe w’igihugu.

Ibi biravugwa mu gihe igihombo Amerika yagize mu mwaka wa 2025(aho ugeze ubu) ufashe imisoro yatanzwe ugakuramo amafaranga Leta yakoresheje iyavanye muri iyo misoro ukabibarira ku musaruro mbumbe w’igihugu kingana na 6.9% mu gihe mu mwaka wa 2024 cyari 6.4%.

Umuhati wa Donald Trump wo kugabanya ibyo Leta ishyira mu bakozi ba ‘baringa’ nawo nta musaruro urambye wagize kuko n’uwo yari yarabishinze byaje kumunanira avanwa mu nshingano, ubu ndetse hari uburyo batabanye neza.

Uwo mugabo ni Elon Musk utunze Miliyari $405.4.

Musk kandi ari mu bantu batumva neza ibya politiki ya Trump yise Big Beautiful Bill.

Guhindagurika kw’ibyemezo bya Trump kuri mu bintu bikomeye bituma amasoko y’imari n’imigabane atagirirwa n’abashoramari icyizere kirambuye.

Bigendana no kugitakariza ishoramari bari basanzwe bakora mu idolari.

Ubushobozi bw’idolari rya Amerika bushingiye k’ukuba ari ryo faranga rukumbi andi yose avunjwamo ku isoko mpuzamahanga kandi ni ikintu kimaze igihe kirekire.

Nyuma y’Intambara ya Mbere y’isi( 1914-1918) nibwo aya mafaranga yatangiye gukomera ku isi asimbuye ay’Abongereza bita Pound Sterling ariko aza gukomera nyuma y’Intambara ya Kabiri y’isi bishingiye ku masezerano yiswe aya Breton Woods.

Mu myaka ya 1980 ubwo ibihugu by’Abarabu byo mu Kigobe cya Gulf( ni Arabie Saoudite, Qatar, Kuwait, Leta ziyunze z’Abarabu) byabonaga ko idolari rimaze kuganza ku isi, byahise bitangira guhuza amafaranga yabyo n’agaciro karyo kugira ngo bibone uko bigurisha petelori na gazi yabyo muri Amerika.

Inyungu byabikuyemo ntigereranywa kuko byabikungahaje birambuye.

Ni ngombwa kumenya ko mu mwaka wa 2023, umusaruro mbumbe wa Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika wanganaga na ¼ cy’umusaruro wose w’isi kandi ibintu byose byagurishijwe ku isi muri icyo gihe byaguzwe mu madolari ya Amerika ku kigero cya 54%.

Ibi ni ibyemezwa n’ikigo kitwa Atlantic Council.

60% by’amafaranga yose abitswe muri banki z’isi ni amadolari ya Amerika mu gihe impapuro mpeshwamwenda zingana na 70% zose zo ku isi zitangwa muri ayo mafaranga.

Ikigega mpuzamahanga cy’imari, IMF, kivuga ko amafaranga abitswe na za Banki zose ku isi angana na 57% abitswe nk’ubwizigame, ari amadolari ya Amerika.

Ibi ariko bishingiye ku kintu kimwe: icyizere amahanga afitiye ubudahangarwa bw’ubukungu bwa Amerika.

Bivuze ko iyo budahagaze neza, abashoramari babutakariza icyizere, ishoramari mu mafaranga ya Amerika rikabihungabaniramo.

Niba ibintu bidahindutse mu igenamigambi n’imikorere y’ubukungu bwa Amerika, abashoramari bazakomeza kugenda biguru ntege mu gukoresha aya mafaranga kandi bizahungabanya ubukungu bw’iki gihugu cya mbere gikize ku mubumbe w’isi.

Hari umuhanga witwa Junius wabwiye Al Jazeera ko ishoramari ryari risanzwe rikorerwa muri Amerika ritagifitiwe icyizere nka mbere.