Abahanga bavuga ko niba hari ibihugu bikwiye guhemberwa guhangana no kwangirika kw’ibidukikije bitewe n’ibikoresho bya plastique, u Rwanda na Norway ari byo byagombye kubihererwa umudali.
Ibi bihugu biyoboye itsinda ry’ibindi bihugu 20 biri guharanira ko bitarenze mu mwaka wa 2040 ibikoresho bya plastique bitabora bizaba byaracitse ku isi.
Abahanga b’ibi bihugu barashaka ko isi ishyiraho ikoranabuhanga ribyaza umusaruro ibikoresho bya plastique bikoreshwa rimwe bikajugunywa, ibi bigakorwa mu rwego rwo kwirinda ko byakomeza kujugunywa bakabangamira imikorereisazwe y’urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima.
Inganda zibinagura nizo zigomba kuzashyirwamo imbaraga.
Muri iki Cyumweru ibihugu bigize ririya tsinda byatangije gahunda ngari yo gushishikariza ibindi bihugu gushyiraho ikoranabuhanga ryo kunagura ibikoresho byo muri plastique kugira ngo isi ikomeze kubaho itabangamiwe na biriya bikoresho bishobora kubora nyuma y’imyaka ijana cyangwa irenga.
Ibikoresho bya plastique iyo bijugunywe mu mazi bibangamira ibinyabuzima biyabamo.
Minisitiri w’ibidukikije mu Rwanda Dr Jeanne d’Arc Mujawamariya avuga ko isi itagombye gukomeza kwihanganira kubona abantu b’ubu bajugunya mu mazi ibintu bizayangiza bikazagira ingaruka ku bisekuru bizabaho mu gihe kiri imbere.
Ikibazo gihari muri iki gihe ni uko Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika zitarasinya aya masezerano kandi ari cyo gihugu cya mbere ku isi gifite inganda zikomeye zikora ibikoresho byo muri plastique.
U Bushinwa bwo bukora ibintu bihambanye mu zindi nzego z’inganda harimo n’ikoranabuhanga, kandi bukaba ubwa mbere ku isi mu kohereza mu kirere ibyuka bihushye bigihumanya.
Ikigo cyo muri Amerika kitwa National Academy of Sciences giherutse gusohora raporo ivuga ko ibikoresho bya plastique bikorerwa muri Amerika biruta ubwinshi inshuro zirenze ebyiri z’ibyo u Bushinwa bukora.
Ikindi abandu bagomba kumenya ni uko ibikoresho bya plastique byatangiye kwangiza ikirere guhera mu myaka ya 1970 kugeza n’ubu.
The Business Insider ivuga ko muri iki gihe, hari icyizere ko Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika zizagira uruhare mu biganiro byo kwemeza ko ariya masezerano yashyirwa mu bikorwa.
Bizaganirwaho mu nama iteganyijwe mu Ugushyingo, 2022.
Hari umuhanga witwa Erica Nuez uherutse gutangaza ko n’ubwo Amerika yatinda kujya muri ariya masezerano cyangwa se ntiyajyemo, bitagombye kubuza ko ibihugu biyaganiraho ndetse bikayashyiraho umukono.
Abashakashatsi basanze mu bikoresho bya Plastique habamo ibinyabutabire 10,000 kandi muri byo ibigera ku 2,400 ari bibi ku buzima bwa muntu no k’urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima muri rusange.
Inyanja nizo zihutazwa n’ibikozwe muri plastique
Kugira ngo wumve akamaro ko gukumira ko ibikoresho bya Plastique bikomeza kujugunywa mu nzuzi no mu migezi n’ahandi, ni ngombwa kumenya ko burya inyanja ari yo ituma duhumeka neza.
Inyanja ni ihuriro ry’amazi ava mu migezi n’inzuzi nini ku isi, akiyongeraho n’amazi ayenga avuye mu bitare byayo bigizwe n’amazi yakonje cyane akaba urubura rwiganje ku mpera zombi z’isi.
Ubuso bunini bw’umubumbe w’isi bugizwe n’amazi.
Igitangaje ariko ni uko mu buhanga bw’abantu no mu bushakashatsi bwabo, batigeze baha umwanya urambuye gucukumbura ikuzimu mu Nyanja ngo bamenye ibihabera.
Ibyuma byabo babihanze mu kirere, mu isanzure bamenya ibibera kuri Mars no ku kwezi kurusha ibibera mu Nyanja zibakikije kandi zibafatiye runini.
UNESCO ivuga ko abahanga bazi 20% gusa y’ibinyabuzima n’ibindi biba mu ndiba y’inyanja z’isi zose.
Ni umubare muto ariko nanone urahagije kugira ngo abantu bamenye kandi bemere ko inyanja ari umubyeyi ufitiye abana be( abatuye isi) akamaro kanini.
Bimwe mu bikoresho inyanja zikoresha mu rwego rwo kugirira abantu akamaro ni uruhuri rw’ibinyabuzima biba hasi cyane mu Nyanja byitwa Les Coreaux.
Nta jambo ry’Ikinyarwanda abo mu Nteko y’Umuco n’ururimi babihaye kuko bitaba no mu Rwanda.
Akamaro k’ibi binyabuzima karagutse kuko bifasha mu kuyungurura umwuka duhumeka, bikawukuramo ibibi biwurimo ariko byo bikeneye, ubundi tukawuhumeka ucyeye.
Kwangirika kw’ibi binyabuzima kuvuze kwiyongera k’umwuka uhumanya, ugira ingaruka ku binyabuzima bihumeka byose cyane cyane umuntu.
Inyanja kandi ni isoko y’ibiribwa bigaburira miliyari eshatu muri miliyari zirindwi zirenga z’abatuye Isi.
Ibikoresho bya pulasitiki, n’ibindi binyabutabire mwenemuntu ata mu Nyanja byica amafi n’ibindi binyabuzima yari buzakenere ngo aramuke.
UNESCO itangaza ko kubera gushyuha kw’ikirere, amazi yo ku mpera z’isi agize urubura, yatangiye kushonga bityo igipimo cyayo kirazamuka none abantu miliyoni 300 bagiye kuzarengerwa n’amazi mu birwa batuyeho.
Ibi bizaba biterenze umwaka wa 2050.
Raporo y’abahanga b’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ivuga ko miterere y’ikibazo cy’iyangirika ry’ibinyabuzima bituye inyanja ivuga ko bikwiye ko Leta z’ibihugu bituriye inyanja kandi byifite zagombye kongera ingengo y’imari ishyirwa mu bushakashatsi ku binyabuzima byo mu Nyanja.
Indi raporo yasohotse mu mwaka wa 2020 yiswe Global Ocean Science Report yavuze ko Leta zishyira 1.7% by’ingengo y’imari yabyo mu bushakashatsi mu binyabuzima biba mu Nyanja.
Ubufatanye mu bushakashatsi mu by’inyanja ni ngombwa kandi hari n’ibihugu byabibonye kare birihuza.
Byarihuje bikora ihuriro ryo gucungira hafi no kuburirana igihe cyose hagiye kuba umwuzure uterwa n’iruka ry’ibirunga witwa Tsunami.
Iri huriro ryitwa Pacific Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System(TWS)ryashinzwe mu mwaka wa 1965, rikorana na UNESCO.
Umuyobozi wa UNESCO Madamu Audrey Azoulay avuga ko ari ngombwa ko abantu bamenya ibiba mu Nyanja bakamenya n’akamaro bibafitiye bityo bakabibungabunga.
Ibihugu bishyira amafaranga menshi mu bushakashatsi mu binyabuzima biba mu Nyanja ni ibyo muri Aziya.
Ibyo ni u Bushinwa, Koreya y’Epfo n’u Buyapani.
Afurika yo iby’inyanja wagira ngo ntizi iyo biva n’iyo bigana!
Birababaje kubera ko ari Umugabane ukikijwe n’inyanja ‘nini’ hafi ya zose.
Izi ni Inyanja y’Abahinde, Inyanja ya Pacifique n’Inyanja ya Atlantique.
