Umuryango Mpuzamahanga wita ku mbabare, ICRC, utangaza ko mu isi hari ikibazo gikomereye abaturage biganjemo abo muri Afurika kubera ko ahari intambara zikomeye ari naho hari ingaruka ziremereye zitawe n’iyangirika ry’ikirere.
Uyu muryango uvuga ko bibabaje kuba hari aho abantu 100 basaranganya ibiribwa ubusanzwe bigenewe abantu batanu. Ibi bivuze ko aba bantu byanga bikunze bitana ibisambo kuko baba basangira ubusa.’
Abahanga bavuga ko mu by’ukuri intambara z’iki gihe zifitanye isano no kugabanuka kw’ibikomoka ku buhinzi n’ubworozi ndetse no kuba abantu bafite byinshi badashaka kubisaranganya n’abadafite na bike.
Ubutayu, ubutaka bwarumbye, ibibazo biterwa n’ifaranga rigwa buri munsi…byose ni nyirabayazana w’imidugararo mu bantu ikura ikavamo kwiheba nabyo bigaha abanyapolitiki bamwe uburyo bwo gushuka urubyiruko ngo rufate intwaro ruharanire uburenganzira bwarwo, ubw’ibanze bukaba kugira icyo rushyira mu gifu.
Icyakora ikibazo cy’ubutaka bwagundutse si icyo muri Afurika gusa, mu bice bya Sahel na Karahari kuko no muri Aziya, urugero nka Iraq, n’aho ni uko.
Abagore bo muri iki gihugu cyahoze ari icya Sadam Hussein bavuga ko intambara z’aho z’urudaca zatumye imirima irimbuka, iragunduka kubera ko abantu bayitaye kandi imigezi igaburira amazi n’ifumbire y’imborera ituruka ku bintu byaboze bivanwa aho umugezi uca nayo yarahumanye.
Akaga gakomatanyije k’intambara n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere gatuma abantu basonza kubera ko bata ingo zabo n’amasambu, ibikorwa byo guhinga, kweza no gusarura bikadindira, ingaruka zikaba urupfu, kugwingira kw’abana, gufatwa ku ngufu kw’abari n’abategarugori, gutakaza icyizere cy’ejo hazaza n’ibindi.
Hagati aho ni nako indwara zaduka mu bihingwa, mu bantu ndetse no mu matungo.
Umuryango mpuzamahanga utabara imbabare uvuga ko ibintu nibikoza gutya, umubare w’abantu bazaba bakeneye inkunga ngo baramuke, uzikuba kabiri bitarenze umwka wa 2050.
Ubutumwa bw’uyu muryango butambutse mu gihe mu Misiri hateraniye Inama iri kwiga uko isi yarushaho gukorana kugira ngo ikumire kwiyongera k’ubushyuhe mu kirere, ibi bikaba ari byose soko y’imihindagurikire y’ibihe.
Afurika yarakubititse…
Umwe mu bahanga mu by’ubukungu , Afurika ifite ni Dr Adesina Akinumi uyobora Banki Nyafurika y’Iterambere.
Uyu mugabo ukomoka muri Nigeria avuga ko bibabaje kuba Afurika igirwaho ingaruka zituma ihomba Miliyari $ 7.15 kubera ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere kandi nta ruhare runini ibigiramo.
Ibituma ikena bituruka ku ibura ry’imvura ihagije ituma abaturage barumbya, amatungo agapfa, inkongi zikaduka hirya no hino, zikangiza imyaka yeze yari itegereje gusarurwa n’ibindi bibazo.
Ikibabaje nk’uko Adesina abivuga, ni uko amadolari Afurika ihomba azakomeza kwiyongera agere kuri Miliyari $ 50 mu mwaka wa 2030.
Si kera kuko hasigaye inyaka umunani gusa.
Imibare itangwa na Adesina ivuga ko kugira ngo Afurika ishobore guhangana n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, ikeneye byibura Miliyari $125 buri mwaka hagati y’uwa 2020 kugeza mu mwaka wa 2030.
Ati: “ Kugira ngo umugabane wacu ushobore guhangana n’ibi bibazo ukeneye byibura Miliyari $ 125 buri mwaka kuzagera mu mwaka wa 2030.”
Banki ayoboye ngo iteganya Miliyari $25 kugira ngo azafashe ibihugu by’Afurika guhangana n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere.
Icyakora iyo urebye ubukana bw’iki kibazo usanga aya mafaranga ari agatonyanga mu nyanja kubera ko ibibazo ari byinshi kandi kugira ngo ikirere gisubire ku rwego rutuma isi igubwa neza ari ikintu kizafata imyaka myinshi cyane iri imbere.
Hari raporo ivuga ko bamwe mu bantu bibasirwa n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere ari abagore bo mu bihugu byo Munsi y’Ubutayu bwa Sahara.
Imihindagurikire y’ikirere isobanurwa nk’ingaruka zigaragarira mu guhinduka kw’imikorere kamere y’ibintu birimo kugwa kw’imvura, ibihe by’izuba, ibipimo by’ubushyuhe n’ubukonje bihindagurika n’ibindi.
Kubera ko abagore ari bo akenshi bajya kuvoma, guhinga, gushaka inkwi n’ibindi biteza imbere urugo, iyo ibihe bihindutse bigira ingaruka ku mikorere yabo bigatuma n’ingo zabo zisonza.
N’ubwo ubuyobozi bwa Banki Nyafurika y’Amajyambere buvuga ko hari amafaranga uyu mugabane ukeneye ngo wikure mu ngaruka zo gushyuha kw’ikirere, Bill Gates umwe mu baherwe ba mbere ku isi avuga ko hari ibindi byinshi byo gukora.
Raporo yiswe Goalkeepers Report yakozwe n’Ikigo Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation iherutse gusohoka ivuga ko kugira ngo isi igere ku ntego yihaye zo kugabanya ibituma ikirere gishyuha bizasaba ko abantu bashyira mu bikorwa ibyo biyemeje ‘bwikube’ inshuro eshanu.
Mu kiganiro Bill Gates aherutse guha Time, yavuze ko ikintu cy’ingenzi abatuye isi bagomba kuzirikana ni uko kugira ngo ibintu byiza bifuza kugeraho, bazabigereho, bagomba kutirengagiza umugabane w’Afurika.
Avuga ko muri iki gihe abantu barangariye Ukraine ariko ngo niba bashaka ko ibyo baharanira kugeraho mu myaka iri imbere bizagerwaho, ni ngombwa guhanga amaso Afurika no kuyifasha kubona umusaruro uva mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa by’intego z’iterambere nk’uko zagenwe na UN.
Bill Gates avuga ko iyo urebye ukuntu ibibazo byo gushyuha kw’ikirere ari ikintu cyatewe n’ibihugu bikize, kikaba kigira ingaruka ku bihugu bikennye, usanga bibabaje.
Avuga ko ibibazo isi ifite muri iki gihe mu by’ibiribwa no kweza byatumwe umusaruro w’ibiribwa by’Afurika ugabanukaho 25% mu gihe gito gishize.
Byatewe ahanini n’ubushyuhe bwiyongereye hirya no hino ku isi cyane cyane mu Nyanja kuko ubusanzwe ari zo zituma ikirere gihehera nacyo kigatanga imvura imeza imyaka n’amashyamba.
Avuga ko kuba hari inkunga y’ibiribwa ihabwa Afurika ari byiza ariko ngo si igisubizo kirambye.
Igisubizo kirambye kuri we ni ugufasha Afurika kweza bihagije bityo ikihaza mu biribwa.
Ubusanzwe Afurika ifite ibibazo bibiri bikomeye kandi bizakomeza kuyikomerera mu myaka iri imbere:
Imihindagurikire y’ikirere n’ubwiyongere bw’abaturage.
Gates ati: “ Niba abahinzi badahuguwe ngo bamenye uko ubuhinzi bugezweho bukorwa, uko babona ifumbire n’imbuto by’indobanure bazajya bahinga ibyo barya bishire, babure ibyo bagurisha kandi igihe cy’itera nikigera bagatera imbuto nayo ihire mu murima kubera ko imvura yatinze kugwa.”
Ubusanzwe umusaruro mwiza utangirira ku mbuto nziza.
Avuga ko kugira ngo abaturage b’Afurika bihaze cyane cyane mu biribwa bikize ku ntungamubiri, ari ngombwa ko batera imbuto z’indobanure mu bihingwa birimo ibinyamiteja nka soya, ibishyimbo na lentilles( lentils mu Cyongereza).
Ku rundi ruhande, hakenewe n’imbuto z’indobanure kandi ziberanye n’ikirere n’ubutaka n’ibinyampeke birimo umuceri, ingano, amasaka n’uburo.
N’ubwo uyu muherwe avuga ko ibihingwa byahinduriwe imiterere muri za labo( Genetically Modified Organs) bishobora kongera umusaruro, ariko ngo sibyo bikwiye gushyirwamo imbaraga cyane kubera ko nabyo bigira ingaruka mu gihe kirambye ku bantu babiriye igihe kirekire.
Atanga inama y’uko ibihugu byagombye gushyiraho uburyo bwo kurinda igihingwa cy’imyumbati kubera ko ubusanzwe imyumbati itabara mu gihe cy’akanda.
Indwara ifata imyumbati bita mosaic ngo ikwiye kurwanywa igacika kubera ko iyo bitagenze gutyo, iyo imyumbati irwaye bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku mirire y’abatuye Afurika igihe izuba ryacanye igihe kirekire ibindi bihingwa bikuma.
Hari ikoranabuhanga ryakozwe bita RNA interference ryo kurwanya iriya ndwara.
Bill Gates avuga ko indi ntwaro nziza yafasha abahinzi guhangana n’inzara ya hato na hato ari uko bagira amakuru ahoraho yerekana uko iteganyagihe riteye, bakamenya igihe cyo gutera, imiterere y’ubutaka, ifumbire bukeneye ndetse n’igihingwa kicyanye nabyo.
Ku byerekeye kurwanya ingaruka z’imihandagurikire y’ikirere, ibihugu bikize bisabwa kwigomwa 0.7% by’umusaruro mbumbe wabyo.
Igitangaje kandi kibabaje n ‘uko ibyinshi muri ibi bihugu bibona ko aya ari amafaranga menshi, ntibiyatange kuko ingaruka atari byo zigeraho!
Abanyarwanda baciye umugani ngo ‘umusonga w’undi ntukubuza gusinzira’.
