Ku bufatanye bw’Ikigo cy’u Rwanda gishinzwe kohereza mu mahanga ibikomoka ku buhinzi n’ubworozi, NAEB, n’abafatanyabikorwa bacyo, gusazura ikawa bimaze gukorerwa mu turere icyenda.
Iki gikorwa cyatangiriye bwa mbere mu Karere ka Karongi na Nyamasheke ariko kiza kwaguka kigera n’ahandi.
Uturere icyenda tumaze gukorerwamo iki gikorwa ni Ruhango, Huye, Nyamagabe, Rusizi, Nyamasheke, Karongi, Ngoma, Kirehe na Gicumbi.
Gusazura ikawa biri gukorwa mu rwego rwo kongera kwera ikawa nyinshi kandi nziza no guteganyiriza umusaruro w’iki gihingwa ngengabukungu mu myaka myinshi iri imbere.
U Rwanda ruteganya ko uwo musaruro uzaba mwinshi ku buryo uzatuma ikawa izarwinjiriza miliyoni $ 160 mu myaka itanu iri imbere.
Ni intego igomba kuba yagezweho bitarenze umwaka wa 2029, ubwo gahunda ya NST II izaba irangiye, ikaba gahunda ikomatanyije indi yo mu buhinzi yitwa gahunda y’imyaka itanu yo kwihutisha iterambere ry’ubuhinzi (PSTA 5).
Ikawa ni kimwe mu bihingwa ngengabukungu u Rwanda rwashyize imbere mu kuyigurisha imahanga ngo izamurire amadovize rwinjiza.
Imibare itangwa na NAEB ivuga ko hagati y’umwaka wa 2017 na 2023, u Rwanda rwinjije Miliyari Frw 600 avuye muri toni 113,000 z’ikawa u Rwanda rwohereje mu mahanga muri icyo gihe cyose.
Kugira ngo ivugurura ry’ikawa rigerweho neza, NAEB iri gukorana n’Umushinga witwa PSAC, ugamije guteza imbere abahinzi bato b’ibihingwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, ubafasha kongera umusaruro mu bwinshi no mu bwiza.
Uterwa inkunga na Leta y’u Rwanda ku bufatanye n’Ikigega Mpuzamahanga Gishinzwe Iterambere ry’Ubuhinzi (IFAD).
Abatekereje uyu mushinga bawushyize mu byiciro bibiri:
Icya mbere ni icyo gusimbuza ibiti by’ikawa birengeje imyaka 30 bitewe kuko biba bitagitanga umusaruro wifuzwa, icya kabiri kikaba gusazura ibiti bimaze nibura imyaka irindwi bitewe.
Kubisazura ni ukubifasha kugarura ubuzima bwiza kugira ngo byere neza kandi kenshi.
U Rwanda ruteganya ko mu myaka ine, uyu mushinga uzakora ivugurura ry’ubuhinzi bw’ikawa mu turere dutandatu, ibiti byose bihatewe bigasazurwa.
Utwo ni Karongi, Nyamasheke na Rusizi mu Ntara y’Uburengerazuba; na Nyamagabe, Huye na Ruhango mu Ntara y’Amajyepfo, hakazasimbuza ibiti by’ikawa bihinze ku buso bwa hegitari 3,050, hanasazurwe ibiti biteye ku buso bwa hegitari 1,082.
Gusimbuza ibiti birengeje imyaka 30 no gusazura ibiti bimaze imyaka irindwi ni uburyo bw’ingenzi cyane ku gihingwa cy’ikawa bukoreshwa hirya no hino ku isi mu bihugu byateye imbere mu buhinzi bw’ikawa.
Brazil nicyo gihugu cya mbere ku isi cyeza ikawa nyinshi.
Muri Afurika igihugu cya mbere ni Ethiopia.
Ibihugu bitanu byeza ikawa nyinshi kurusha ibindi ku isi ni Brazil, Vietnm, Colombia, Ethiopia na Indonesia.
Ku byerekeye kongerera ibiti by’ikawa umusaruro-nk’uko biri mu ntego za Guverinoma y’u Rwanda- NAEB yateguye ingemwe nziza, zerera igihe gito kandi zitanga umusaruro ushimishije.
Zirimo izo mu bwoko bwa RAB C 15, zizahabwa abahinzi ku buntu, bakazazitera hirya no hino mu Rwanda mu turere twavuzwe haruguru.
Hamaze gutegurwa ingemwe 1,559,724 zizaterwa mu Ugushyingo 2024, hakazakomeza gutegurwa no guterwa izindi buri mwaka kugeza ya myaka ine irangiye.
Zose zizaterwa ku buso bwa hegitari 3,050.
Ni gahunda iha abantu akazi…
Muri icyo gihe cyose-ni ukuvuga mu myaka ine iri imbere- gusazura ibiti by’ikawa bizaha akazi urubyiruko n’abagore.
Gusazura ikawa ni umurimo munini usaba ko ababikora bajya mu mirima bagatema amashami ashaje, cyangwa bagatera ingemwe ahateguwe.
Ikawa ikunda ahantu hashyuha ariko haba n’amazi kuko ari igihingwa cyerera igihe kirekire.
Ku ikubito, gutegura ingemwe zizaterwa biba ari akazi gakorwa ahanini n’abagore n’urubyiruko bibumbiye mu matsinda, binyuze muri gahunda y’amasoko ya Leta yeguriwe abaturage.
Alexis Nkurunziza uyobora Ishami rishinzwe ibihingwa gakondo birimo ikawa muri NAEB, avuga ko mu gusimbuza ibiti bishaje no gutera ingemwe nshya, NAEB izatanga inyunganizi y’amafaranga azatuma icyo gikorwa cyihuta.
Ati: “Mu bundi bufasha abahinzi bazahabwa hagamijwe kwihutisha ibikorwa byo kuvugurura ubuhinzi bw’ikawa no kongera umusaruro, harimo ifumbire bazahabwa ku buntu, n’amahugurwa bazahabwa binyuze mu mashuri y’abahinzi mu murima”.
Ikawa (izina ry’ubumenyi mu kilatini: Coffea) ni igiti cyera imbuto zimeze nk’imisogwe yanikwa, yakuma bakayisya ikavamo ifu ivangwa n’amazi aseruye igakora ikinyobwa cya kabiri gikunzwe ku isi nyuma y’amazi kitwa ‘ikawa yo kunywa’.
Ikinyobwa gikoreshwa n’abantu benshi ku isi ni amazi, ikawa( nayo iba ivanzwe n’amazi) ikaba iya kabiri.
Gusa hari abavuga ko icyayi ari icya kabiri.
Ikawa yadutse mu Rwanda igihingwa cy’agahato…
Ikawa yageze mu Rwanda ahagana mu mwaka wa 1900, ariko itangira guhingwa neza mu mwaka wa 1930 nyuma y’Intambara ya Mbere y’isi.
Icyo gihe Ababiligi nibo bategetse ko ihingwa kugira ngo haboneke ibihingwa ngengabukungu byari bizwi n’Abazungu gusa.
Mu gitabo ‘The Role of National High Council in Socio-economic and Political Evolution of Rwanda Since 1952-1960 Through Kinyamateka, Jean Pierre Nizeyimana yanditse ko Ababiligi bategetse Abashefu ko babwira ba Sushefu gutegeka abaturage guhinga ikawa.
Iyo kawa yarahinzwe ariko ntiyakundwa cyane kuko Abanyarwanda batari basanzwe bayimenyereye.
Kutayihinga nk’uko Abazungu babyifuzaga byavuriyemo Abashefu n’Abasushefu kutumvikana nabo ndetse bamwe bakajya bakubitwa ikiboko.
Ikawa yahinzwe mu Rwanda ivanywe muri Kongo-Mbiligi y’icyo gihe, ubu ni Repubulika ya Demukarasi ya Congo.
Umunyamateka witwa Baudouin Paternostre de La Mairieu avuga ko- mu buryo buziguye- guhinga ikawa byatumye Abanyarwanda batita ku bihingwa bari basanzwe bahinga, bategekwa guhinga ikawa bituma basonza.
Agera kure ndetse akemeza ko ibyo biri mu byatije umurindi inzara yibasiye Abanyarwanda benshi yiswe Ruzagayura.
Iyo nzara yabayeho hagati y’umwaka wa 1943 kugeza mu mwaka wa 1944 yica abantu bari hagati ya 36,000 na 50,000.
