Minisitiri mushya w’Abakozi ba Leta n’Umurimo, Julienne Uwacu, agiye guhura n’akazi gakomeye karimo kunoza imikorere y’inzego za Leta no gufasha u Rwanda guhangana n’ibibazo biri ku isoko ry’umurimo, cyane cyane ubushomeri, imirimo idatanga umusaruro uhagije n’ubushobozi bw’abakozi budahura n’ibikenewe ku isoko.
Julienne Uwacu yagizwe Minisitiri ku wa 27 Ukwakira 2026, asimbuye Judith Uwizeye wagiye muri Sena.
Yigeze kuba Minisitiri wa Siporo n’Umuco kuva mu 2015 kugeza mu 2018, mbere yo gukora mu nzego zirimo Minisiteri y’Ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda n’Inshingano Mboneragihugu.
Imibare iva mu Kigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare (NISR) ikubiyemo gahunda za Leta n’ibibazo bigaragara ku isoko ry’umurimo, hari imbogamizi zikomeye Uwacu azasabwa gukemura.
- Ubushomeri bw’urubyiruko n’ikibazo cyo kubona imirimo iramba
Iki ni kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye azasanga mu nshingano ze.
Raporo ya NISR y’igihembwe cya mbere cya 2026 igaragaza ko abantu 615.000 bari mu bushomeri mu Rwanda. Muri icyo gihe, ubushomeri mu rubyiruko rufite imyaka 16–30 bwari kuri 13.4% mu gihe ku bantu bakuru bwari kuri 9.4%.
Ikindi kibabaje ni uko ubushomeri bwari hejuru mu bagore, kuri 12.8%, ugereranyije na 9.4% mu bagabo.
Ibi bisobanura ko Minisitiri azasabwa gukorana n’izindi nzego za Leta n’abikorera kugira ngo imirimo mishya ikomeze kuboneka, cyane cyane ku rubyiruko rurangiza Kaminuza.
Kurangiza Kaminuza ntirubone akazi, bikururira urubyiruko kujya mu burara n’ubwomanzi, ibintu bigira ingaruka kuri ejo hazaza haryo n’ah’igihugu.
Ikibazo ntikizaba gusa ukongera umubare w’imirimo, ahubwo ni ugushaka uburyo imirimo iboneka iba itanga umusaruro, yishyura neza kandi irambye.
- Kuhuza ubumenyi bw’abarangiza amashuri n’ibikenewe ku isoko ry’umurimo
Hari urubyiruko rwinshi rurangiza amashuri, ariko ntirubone akazi kajyanye n’ibyo rwize cyangwa ubushobozi rufite.
Icyegeranyo cya UNDP cyo muri Mata 2026 ku isesengura ry’ubumenyi bw’urubyiruko n’ibikenewe mu bikorera kigaragaza ko hakiri icyuho mu bumenyi ngiro, gukoresha ikoranabuhanga n’ubushobozi bwo gukorana n’abandi.
Abakoresha bagaragaza ko hari abakozi bafite impamyabumenyi ariko badafite ubushobozi buhagije bwo gukora imirimo runaka.
Denis Karera, umwe muri ba rwiyemezamirimo bakomeye yigeze kugeza iki kibazo kuri Perezida Paul Kagame mu Nama y’Igihugu y’Umushyikirano yabaye mu mwaka wa 2023.
Ibi bizasaba Minisitiri kongera ubufatanye hagati y’amashuri, ibigo by’amahugurwa n’abikorera, kugira ngo amasomo n’amahugurwa ajyane n’imirimo iri ku isoko.
- Umubare munini w’abakora imirimo idatanga umusaruro uhagije
Nanone ariko, ikibazo cy’umurimo mu Rwanda ntikigarukira ku bantu badafite akazi. Hari n’abafite akazi ariko batabona amasaha ahagije yo gukora, abandi bakora imirimo itabinjiriza amafaranga ahagije.
Mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2026, igipimo cy’abaturage bafite ubushobozi bwo gukora ariko badafashwe neza n’isoko ry’umurimo (babyita labour under-utilisation) cyari kuri 55.9%.
Iki gipimo kirimo abashomeri, abakora amasaha make kurusha ayo bifuza n’abandi bashobora gukora ariko batari mu bakozi bashaka akazi ku buryo bugaragara.
Minisitiri azasabwa kureba uburyo abantu bakora mu buhinzi butanga umusaruro muke, mu bucuruzi buto no mu mirimo itanditse mu buryo bwemewe bashobora kubona imirimo irambye kandi ibyara inyungu ifatika.
- Gukemura ibibazo by’abakozi ba Leta no kunoza imikorere y’inzego
Mu nshingano ze Julienne Uwacu azasabwa kunoza imikorere y’abakozi ba Leta, kongera ubunyamwuga no guharanira ko serivisi zihabwa abaturage zitangwa neza kandi mu gihe gikwiriye.
Ibi bizajyana no gukemura ibibazo birimo:
– Abakozi badatangira serivisi ku gihe.
– Kudashyira mu bikorwa inshingano uko bikwiye.
– Kutagira uburyo buhamye bwo gupima umusaruro w’umukozi.
– Imicungire idahwitse y’abakozi n’uburyo bashyirwa mu myanya.
– Kudahuza ubumenyi bw’umukozi n’inshingano ashinzwe.
Minisiteri ayoboye ifite inshingano zo kunoza imicungire y’abakozi ba Leta, guteza imbere indangagaciro z’umurimo no gukurikirana ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya politiki zigenga abakozi.
Ikibazo azahura na cyo ahangaha ni uguhuza intego yo gutanga serivisi nziza n’uburyo abakozi ba Leta bakora, bagahabwa inshingano zisobanutse kandi bagapimwa hashingiwe ku musaruro uzivamo.
- Ibibazo by’imishahara, imibereho n’uburenganzira bw’abakozi
Ikindi kibazo kizaba icyo guhuza ubushobozi bw’abakoresha, cyane cyane Leta n’ibigo by’abikorera, n’ibyo abakozi bifuza mu bijyanye n’imishahara n’imibereho myiza.
Abakozi bakenera imishahara ibafasha guhangana n’izamuka ry’ibiciro ku isoko, kubona ubwishingizi, kuruhuka no kugira uburinzi mu gihe bahuye n’ibibazo bibakomereye mu kazi.
Ku rundi ruhande, ibigo by’abikorera na byo biba bigomba guhangana n’ikiguzi cyo guhemba abakozi, kugira ngo bikomeze gukora no gutanga imirimo.
Minisitiri azasabwa gushaka uburyo bwubahiriza uburenganzira bw’abakozi ariko ntibubangamire ubushobozi bw’ibigo bwo guhanga imirimo mishya.
- Imirimo itanditse mu buryo bwemewe n’ubwishingizi bw’abakozi
Mu Rwanda hari abantu benshi bakora mu bucuruzi buto, ubwikorezi, ubwubatsi, ubuhinzi n’izindi serivisi zitandukanye batari mu mirimo yanditse mu buryo bwemewe.
Abenshi muri bo bashobora gukora badafite amasezerano y’akazi, ubwishingizi bw’impanuka zo mu kazi cyangwa uburyo bwizewe bwo kuzigama amafaranga y’izabukuru.
Ibi bituma baba mu kaga ko gutakaza amafaranga binjiza igihe barwaye, bahuye n’impanuka cyangwa bageze mu zabukuru.
Azaba afite inshingano zo gukorana n’izindi nzego kugira ngo abakozi benshi kurushaho binjizwe mu buryo bwemewe bwo gukora, barengerwe n’amategeko kandi babone ubwiteganyirize.
- Gukemura amakimbirane hagati y’abakozi n’abakoresha
Ibibazo by’imishahara, kwirukanwa ku kazi bidakurikije amategeko, kutagira amasezerano y’akazi no kudatanga amafaranga y’ubwiteganyirize bishobora guteza amakimbirane hagati y’abakozi n’abakoresha.
Minisitiri azasabwa gukomeza kunoza uburyo bwo gukemura ayo makimbirane, kongera ubushobozi bw’abagenzuzi b’umurimo no gukurikirana niba abakoresha bubahiriza amategeko abasaba.
Ikindi ni ukureba niba abakozi bafite aho bageza ibibazo byabo, kandi bakabonerwa ubutabera mu gihe uburenganzira bwabo bwahungabanyijwe.
- Guhangana n’ikibazo cy’uburinganire ku isoko ry’umurimo
Nubwo abagore bagenda biyongera mu bikorwa by’ubukungu, imibare iracyagaragaza itandukaniro hagati yabo n’abagabo mu kubona imirimo.
Mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2026, igipimo cy’abagore bafite akazi ugereranyije n’abaturage bose b’igitsina gore bari mu kigero cyo gukora cyari 50.8%, mu gihe ku bagabo cyari 64.4%.
Ikindi ni uko ubushomeri bw’abagore bwari hejuru y’ubw’abagabo.
Ibi bizasaba Minisitiri Uwacu gushyigikira politiki zituma abagore babona amahirwe angana n’abagabo, cyane cyane mu myanya y’ubuyobozi, mu mirimo isaba ubumenyi bwihariye no mu kwihangira imirimo.
- Guhuza iterambere ry’imirimo n’ikoranabuhanga n’ubwenge buhangano (AI)
Ikoranabuhanga riri guhindura uburyo abantu bakora, imirimo imwe igakorwa n’imashini cyangwa porogaramu, mu gihe indi mishya ivuka.
U Rwanda na rwo ruri gushyira imbaraga mu bukungu bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga. Ibi bivuze ko hari abakozi bashobora gusigara inyuma mu gihe badafite ubumenyi bushya bukenewe.
Bityo rero, mu kazi ka Julienne Uwacu hazabamo gufatanya n’izindi nzego mu gutegura abakozi bazakenerwa mu bukungu bw’ejo hazaza, kongera amahugurwa y’ikoranabuhanga no gufasha abakozi guhindura ubumenyi hakurikijwe impinduka ku isoko ry’umurimo.
- Gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda y’igihugu yo guhanga imirimo
U Rwanda rwihaye intego yo kugabanya ubushomeri bukagera kuri 7% mu 2035 na 5% mu 2050.
Gahunda y’igihugu yo guteza imbere imirimo myiza (National Employment and Skills Strategy 2024–2029) igaragaza ko mu myaka ya 2017–2024 hahanzwe imirimo mishya igera kuri miliyoni 1.3, ariko ko ubushomeri n’ubukene bw’imirimo myiza bikiri imbogamizi, cyane cyane ku rubyiruko.
Urebye, ibi nibyo bizerekana ko Minisitiri Julienne Uwacu aje gutanga ibisubizo ku bibazo uwo asimbuye Judith Uwizeye (nawe wari umaze igihe gito muri iyi Minisiteri) asize adakemuye.
Nk’uko Perezida Paul Kagame akunda kubivuga iyo yakiriye indahiro z’abayobozi, gukorana bya hafi kw’inzego no gushyira umuturage ku isonga biri mu by’ibanze bituma buri Minisiteri igera kubyo ishinzwe.
