Indwara y’impiswi ikomeje kuba kimwe mu bibazo by’ubuzima byibasira abana bari munsi y’imyaka itanu mu Rwanda.
Ubushakashatsi bw’ikigo cy’igihugu kita ku buzima, RBC, bwerekanye ko 14,3% by’abo bana bari barwaye impiswi mu byumweru bibiri byabanjirije igihe ubushakashatsi bwakorewe.
Ubwo bushakashatsi bise ‘Ubushakashatsi ku buzima n’imibereho y’abaturage mu Rwanda bwo mu 2015–2024’ bwakozwe n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ubuzima (RBC) ku bufatanye n’izindi nzego bwagaragaje ko ahantu ikibazo cy’impiswi kigaragara cyane ari Intara y’Amajyaruguru n’iy’Uburasirazuba.
Bwashyizwe ahagaragara mu mwaka wa 2026 nyuma yo gukora isesengura ryimbitse ry’ibyabuvuyemo.
Ubushakashatsi bwasesenguye uruhare rw’imvura n’ubushyuhe by’ikirere, n’ibindi bijyanye n’imibereho y’abaturage, kugira ngo hamenyekane impamvu zituma impiswi zigaragara cyane mu bice bimwe by’igihugu.
Mu zindi mpamvu zagaragajwe harimo uburyo abaturage bagerwaho n’amazi meza, isuku n’isukura n’uburyo amazi aboneka mu bihe by’izuba.
Iyo isuku mu ngo ibaye nke, ibiribwa ntibitegurwe neza cyangwa ngo bitekwe mu bintu byogeje, bituma umwanda uzamuka, bigatiza umurindi kurwara impiswi.
Ku rundi ruhande, iyo isuku yitaweho, mu nzego zose, haba mu gutegura ibiribwa, kubiteka no kubigabura, kandi ababifata bakabanza gukaraba ibiganza neza, ibyago byo kurwara impiswi biragabanuka cyane.
RBC ishimangira ko gukurikirana uko iyo ndwara ikwirakwira no gutegura ingamba zo gukumira ubwandu bwayo no kuyivura mbere y’ibihe by’ubushyuhe bishobora kuyigabanyiriza ubukana.
Ku bana bato, impiswi zituma umubiri wabo utakaza amazi arimo imyunyu ngugu bikaba bishobora guteza ibibazo bikomeye iyo umwana atitaweho hakiri kare.
Arananuka, bigatuma amaraso ye agabanuka, kandi kubera ko aba asanganywe umubiri ufite ubudahangarwa buke, iyo mimerere iba ishobora gutuma atakaza n’ubuzima.
Ni no muri ubu bushakashatsi, RBC yagaragaje ko gushyira imbaraga mu isuku n’isukura, kunoza uburyo abaturage babona amazi meza no gukomeza ubukangurambaga mu bice bikunze kugira umubare munini w’abayirwaye, bishobora kugabanya ubukana bw’impiswi mu bana bari munsi y’imyaka itanu.
Abaganga bavuga ko impiswi ziterwa n’udukoko umuntu yanyoye mu mazi cyangwa yariye mu biryo bita bacteria tujya mu rura runini( gut) twabanje mu gifu.
Iyo tuhageze, dusa n’utworoheje uburyo umwanda umuntu yituma usohoka tugatuma woroha cyane bikamutera kujya ku bwiherero kenshi.
Kujya ku musarane kenshi bibuza umuntu amahwemo, bigatera umubiri we gutakaza amazi menshi, akagira ikibazo bita ‘umwuma’. Umwuma ni ukugabanuka kunini kw’amazi mu maraso.
Iyo ibi bibaye ku bana bafite munsi y’imyaka itanu, ibyago byo gupfa biriyongera.
Ababyeyi bagirwa inama yo kubihutana kwa muganga ngo bakumire izo ngaruka hakiri kare.
Abantu bakuze nabo bagirwa inama yo kujya kwa muganga mu gihe bibagendekeye bityo.
Ku byerekeye impamvu zifite aho zihuriye n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, abakoze ubushakashatsi buvugwa aha( bwagiye bukusanya imibare ishingiye no kuyo ibyogajuru byatangaga bwahereye mu myaka ya 2015 kugeza muri za 2024, ariko bugatanzwa ubu) bavuga ko iyo ikirere gihindutse biha amahirwe twa bacteria yo kubona aho twororokera.
Ku ipaji ya gatatu y’ubu bushakashatsi herekana ko burya iyo ubushyuhe bw’ahantu runaka buzamutseho 1 ◦C, ibyago byo kwiyongera kw’impiswi mu bana bizamukaho ko 4%; naho imvura yagwa, ibyo byago bikazamukaho 14%.
Bivuze ko mu mvura ari bwo ibyo byago byiyongera cyane.
Iyo nta buryo bwo gusukura amazi yo mu gihe cy’imvura buhari, ubukana bw’iyo ndwara burazamuka.
Mu mvura nyinshi, amazi amwe yanduza andi kubera imivu ikonkobokana imyanda iyivanye imihanda yose ikayirunda mu bishanga kandi bizwi neza ko ibishanga ari ububiko bw’amazi henshi mu Rwanda bavoma, bashoramo amatungo, buhiza imyaka cyangwa bakayemesesha imyambaro.
Abana barererwa mu miryango ikennye cyangwa ba Nyina bakaba batarize, baba barusha abandi ibyago byo kuzagaburirwa nabi, isuku yabo ikaba nke bityo n’impiswi zikabona icyuho.
Nibo kandi bagaragaramo benshi bagwingiye.
Ubujiji ku babyeyi no ku bandi bashinzwe kwita ku mikurire y’abana nabwo buba indi ntandaro y’uko barware indwara nyinshi zirimo n’ivugwa muri iyi nkuru.
Nubwo mu Rwanda hari abajyanama b’ubuzima bashinzwe guhwitura ababyeyi, ubuke bwabo n’umushahara muke bahabwa, hakiyongeraho n’ubushake buke bwa bamwe mu babyeyi batumva inama bagirwa… ibyo byose bituma iki kibazo kidahita gicika.
Jimmy GATETE( Umunyeshuri wimenyereza umwuga)
TAARIFA.RW
