Mu gihe ibitunguru ari imboga zifite akamaro mu myunyungugu no muri Vitamini C, umusaruro wabyo ungana na 30% wera mu Rwanda urangirika. Iki gihingwa gikunze kwera mu Burengerazuba bushyira Amajyaruguru y’u Rwanda muri Rubavu, Nyabihu, Musanze n’ahandi.
Kwangirika kwawo bihombya igihugu mu buryo bwinshi.
Umuhanga muri siyansi y’ibimera witwa Pacifique Nshimiyimana ukora mu kigo mpuzamahanga kibanda ku bushakashatsi mu bya siyansi, Alliance for Science Rwanda, yabwiye Taarifa Rwanda ko bibabaje kuba umusaruro ungana utyo wangirika.
Abishingira ku kamaro kurya ibitunguru bigirira umubiri w’umuntu.
Mu gusobanura igitunguru, yagize ati: “Ibitunguru ni igihingwa kibarizwa mu mboga. Izina ryacyo mu by’ ubumenyi kitwa Allium Cepa, kikaba mu muryango witwa Amaryllidqceae ubamo n’ibindi nka tungurusumu.”
Avuga ko mu buhinzi buteye imbere, abahanga babangurira ibitunguru, bakabikoramo ubwoko bushya bubasha guhangana n’indwara kandi ibitunguru bibuvamo bikaza bifite andi mabara.
Hari iby’umweru, umutuku… kandi byose ni ingirakamaro ku wabiriye.
Ibitunguru biribwa mu buryo bunyuranye, burimo kubihekenya ari bibibi, kubyumisha bikavamo ifu iminjirwa nk’ibirungo no kubikarangisha ibindi biryo.
Nshimiyimana avuga ko izo ari impamvu zo guhinga no kubungabunga ibitunguru kuko ari imboga zifite n’umwihariko wo guha icyanga cy’inyongera andi mafunguro.
Ubwinshi bw’ibitunguru byangirika bwakanguye Leta
Nyuma yo gusuzuma igasanga umusaruro w’ibitunguru wangirika ari mwinshi, Leta y’u Rwanda ibinyujije mu kigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe kohereza hanze ibikomoka ku buhinzi n’ubworozi, NAEB, iri kubaka ikigo kizajya kibirinda uruhumbu cyangwa izuba kuko ari byo bikunze kubyibasira.
Iki kigo kiri kubakwa mu Murenge wa Kanzenze mu Karere ka Rubavu, hakazahunikwa toni 34.4, zizajya zihazanwa kabiri mu Cyumweru.
Umusaruro wabungabunzwe uzafasha kongera usanzwe ugezwa ku masoko yo mu Rwanda n’uwo igihugu cyohereza hanze binyuze muri NAEB.
Umushinga wo kubaka ubwo buhinikiro bw’imboga n’ibitunguru by’umwihariko wateganyirijwe ingengo y’imari ya miliyoni $11, u Rwanda rukazawufatanya na Koreya Y’Epfo binyuze mu kigo cyayo gishinzwe Ubufatanye Mpuzamahanga (KOICA).
Hagati aho, NAEB itangaza ko kuva mu mwaka wa 2020/21 kugeza muri 2025-26, ibitunguru byinjije u Rwanda amadovize angana na Miliyoni $ 23, avuye muri toni ibihumbi 40.9 zoherejwe mu mahanga.
Si i Rubavu gusa hazubakwa ubuhunikiro bw’imboga bwa kijyambere ahubwo buzashyirwa no muri Rulindo, Nyagatare no mu Bugesera.
Biteganyijwe ko uyu mushinga uzafasha abahinzi barenga 5,000 bo mu Turere twa Rubavu, Rulindo, Nyagatare na Bugesera.
Hari umuhinzi wo muri Rubavu wabwiye itangazamakuru ko aho hantu nihuzura bizabagirira akamaro ahanini binyuze mu kubona umusaruro wo gusagurira amasoko.
Yitwa Yvonne Nyirambanjinka wo mu Karere ka Rubavu, akemeza ko iyo heze ibitunguru byinshi, bikabura aho bibikwa, bituma igiciro cyabyo kigwa.
Hari n’ababona ko umusaruro wasabagiye, bagahitamo kuwurekera mu murima ukazahaborera.
Ibyamubayeho bigaragaza ikibazo rusange abahinzi b’imboga n’imbuto bahura nacyo cy’umusaruro mwinshi utabona isoko, ukaborera mu mirima cyangwa se bakawugurisha adahuye n’ibyo bawushoyemo banga ko wababorera mu maso.
Hari ubwo ikilo cy’ibitunguru cyaguze Frw 80, bituma hari ubwo abahinzi bahitamo gusiga igice cy’umusaruro mu murima banga kwivunira ubusa.
Muri Kanzenze ya Rubavu ahari kubakwa ubuhunikiro bw’ibitunguru n’izindi mboga, hari Koperative yitwa KOBATU(Koperative Bazizane Tuzirate) y’abahinzi biyemeje kwita ku mboga mu buryo buzirinda kwangirika.
Perezida wayo witwa Nicodème Sebera avuga ko bari gukora uko bashoboye ngo uwo musaruro ureke kujya ubapfira ubusa kandi baravunitse bahinga.
Ndetse ngo baba baragujije Banki ngo bashore, imyaka yabo ikaborera mu murima, bikarushaho kubaca intege.
Sebera ati: “Twarahingaga ariko isoko ntiryashoboraga kwakira umusaruro wose. Bimwe mu bitunguru byasigaraga mu mirima bikarangira byangiritse.”
Nk’uko abivuga, gutera ikilo cy’ibitunguru bitwara umuhinzi hafi Frw 350, yakweza akagurisha ku Frw 400, iyo byagenze neza.
Iyo bigenze nabi, agurisha munsi y’ayo yashoye, ibibazo bikavuka ubwo.
Hari ubwo ikilo kigura Frw 100!
KOBATU Cooperative yemeza ko hari ubwo ijya yunguka Miliyoni Frw 18 mu buhinzi bw’ibitunguru iyo byagenze neza.
Icyizere ni cyose
Sebera Nicodème ati: “Ikigo cyo gutunganya umusaruro nyuma y’isarura nigitangira gukora, abahinzi ntibazongera guhatirwa kugurisha umusaruro mu gihe ibiciro biri hasi. Ibitunguru bizaba bishobora kubikwa hafi amezi atandatu bityo bikaduha igihe cyo gutegereza igihe ibiciro byiza bizagarukira tukabona kugurisha.”
Ni icyizere kandi gitangwa n’ubuyobozi bwa NAEB binyuze kuri Aimable Rusingizandekwe, umuyobozi muri iki kigo ushinzwe umushinga wo gusigasira umusaruro w’imboga.
Uwo mushinga witwa Smart Food Value Chain Management, uzashyirwa mu bikorwa binyuze mu guhugura abahinzi, abohereza umusaruro mu mahanga n’abakora muri ibyo bigo.
Hazakoreshwa kandi ikoranabuhanga mu ruhererekane rw’umusaruro w’urusenda n’ibitunguru, bikazafasha abahinzi barenga 5,000 bo mu Turere twavuzwe mu bika byabanje.
Biteganyijwe ko ibi bigo bizajya byumisha kandi bitunganye toni 1,168 z’urusenda na toni 3,650 z’ibitunguru buri mwaka.
NAEB ivuga ko urusenda rwumishijwe neza n’ibitunguru bitunganyijwe bishobora kubikwa kugeza ku mezi atandatu, ni ukuvuga igice cy’umwaka.
Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko ahantu ha mbere heze ibitunguru ku isi hatazwi neza.
Ariko ibimenyetso bya kera byerekana ko ibitunguru byahinzwe kuva kera cyane muri Aziya yo Hagati, cyane cyane mu bice irimo Iran, Pakistan na Afghanistan by’ubu.
Nyuma byakwirakwiriye mu Misiri ya kera no mu bindi bice by’isi.
Misiri ya kera ni hamwe mu hantu hazwi cyane ko ibitunguru byahingwaga kandi bigakoreshwa cyane mu myaka ibihumbi ishize.
