Banki nkuru y’u Rwanda ikunze gukoresha ijambo ‘agatebo k’umuguzi’ iyo isobanura uko ikusanya ikanasesengura ibiciro ku masoko.
Nushaka kumva uko kameze, ntujye kure y’agatebo gasanzwe wowe, umugore wawe, umukozi cyangwa undi mutuma ku isoko akunze kwitwaza.
Mu gukusanya uko ibiciro byifashe ku isoko, Banki nkuru y’u Rwanda ireba ibiciro ku bicuruzwa bw’ubwoko 1622 bigurishwa ahantu hose mu gihugu.
Ibiciro biba byakusanyirijwe bivuye ahantu hatandukanye birimo iby’inzu zituwemo, amaduka, ibitaro, ingendo, imyambaro, ibiribwa, ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi, imodoka, amashuri mato naza kaminuza, umuziki, imyidagaduro, hoteli na za resitora n’ibindi.
Buri kwezi hakusanywa ibiciro birenga 29,482 mu duce 10,744 tw’imijyi n’utw’icyaro, ibiciro bigakusanywa mu cyumweru cya mbere cy’ukwezi n’icyumweru cya gatatu cy’ukwezi.
Mu kubona igiciro cya buri gicuruzwa cyangwa se serivisi bigapimwa mu gihe cy’ukwezi, hakorwa impuzandengo y’icyo buri muntu akenera muri rusange ku isoko, hakabamo ibyakorewe imbere mu gihugu aribyo Domestic Products hakanabamo ibyakorewe hanze y’igihugu aribyo ‘Imported products.’
Banki nkuru y’u Rwanda itanga urugero rw’umuceri witwa Kigori uhingwa mu gihugu ahantu hatandukanye n’umuceri uva mu bindi bihugu urugero Pakistan, Tanzania, Thailand n’Ubuhinde.
Hari kandi isukari ikorerwa mu gihugu hakaba n’ituruka n’isukari ituruka muri Brazil, Uganda n’Ubuhinde.
Mu Rwanda hera ibigori bihingwa ahantu henshi cyane mu gihembwe cy’ihinga cya A ariko ku isoko hakaba n’ibigori bituruka mu bindi bihugu.
Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda mu gufata icyemezo cya politiki y’ifaranga cyangwa ingamba zo gukumira umuvuduko w’ibiciro yibanda ku biciro byo mu mujyi, ikindi ni uko umuvuduko w’ibiciro ubarurwa ku ijana hagereranywa igiciro k’ikintu muri uko kwezi, uwo mwaka n’ukwezi nk’uko mu mwaka washize.
Urugero: umuvuduko w’ibiciro muri Nyakanga 2026 ungana na 14 .5 % ukaba umuvuduko ‘rukomatanyo’ wabazwe hagereranywa ibiciro bya Nyakanga 2026 na Nyakanga 2025.
Bivuze ko niba umuntu muri Nyakanga 2025 yaraguraga cyangwa agakenera ibintu bihwanye Frw 100,000 (ari ko gatebo k’umuguzi icyo gihe), muri Nyakanga 2026 kugira ngo ashobore kugura ibintu bingana n’ibyo yaguraga bimusaba kuba afite ibihumbi Fw 114,500.
Ariko kandi iyo umuvuduko rukomatanyo wazamutse, ntibiba bivuze ko umuvuduko w’ibintu byose bigize agatebo k’umuguzi byazamutse ahubwo biba bivuze ko ibiba byazamutse usanga byarushije ingufu ibyamanutse mu giciro cyangwa cyangwa ibitahindutse.
Guhindagurika kw’ibiciro mpuzamahanga ku bijyanye na lisansi na mazutu nabyo bigira ingaruka ku bushobozi bw’abantu bwo kugura.
Iyo habaye ibikoma mu nkokora ubucuruzi bwabyo, urugero intambara mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati umuhora w’aho binyura ugafungwa bituma ibiciro by’ingendo bizamuka, gutwara ibintu n’abantu bigahinduka haba ku modoka, moto n’indege.
Ku byerekeye u Rwanda, Leta ivuga ko ishyiramo ‘nkunganire’ ikagerageza korohereza umugenzi akabasha kwishyura igiciro kiri munsi y’ayo yari kwishyura nta nkunganire yabayeho.
Indi mpamvu ya kabiri iba ihindagurika ry’ibiciro bituruka hanze, urugero amavuta yo guteka, umuceri, isukari, ibigori n’ibindi, kandi iyo ku masoko mpuzamahanga ibicuruzwa nk’ibyo byabaye bike bigera ku masoko mu Rwanda bihenze.
Ibi nabyo bikunze guterwa n’intambara zituma aho ibicuruzwa byacishwaga hafungwa cyangwa hakaba hadatekanye, ibicuruzwa bisigaye ku isoko bigahenda.
Ibyo bituma n’ibicuruzwa bikorerwa imbere mu gihugu bihenda kubera ko ibicuruzwa byifuzwa biba biruta ubwinshi ibyageze ku isoko.
Hari n’ubwo umusaruro uva mu buhinzi utuba bitewe n’ihindagurika ry’ikirere, imvura ikaba nyinshi mu gihe cy’isarura, izuba ryinshi rikava cyane mu gihe cy’ihinga, imvura idahagije mu gihe ibihingwa biri gukura… ibi bigatuma umusaruro utagera ku kigero wari usanzweho bityo ibiciro bikahinduka.
Bituma n’imbuto zo gutera zihenda, bikagira ingaruka ku musaruro w’icyo gihe n’uwo mu gihe kizaza.
Ingano y’ibiribwa umuntu yari asanzwe agura ku mafaranga runaka iragabanuka, agasonza.
Urugero: igiciro k’ibirayi muri rusange cyaguraga Frw 650 muri Mata 2026 ku isoko rya Kimironko mu mujyi wa Kigali ariko muri Kanama ku itariki 10, 2026, igiciro cyageze ku Frw 960 mu mwaka ushize (2025), ikilo k’ibirayi cyaguraga Frw 600 muri Mata mu gihe muri Kanama 2025, cyaguraga Frw 650; bigaragara ko ihinduka ry’ibiciro muri Kamena 2026 ridasanzwe ugereranyije n’umwaka ushize.
Byatewe nuko imvura yaguye nabi, aho mu turere tumwe na tumwe duhinga ibirayi, imvura itaguye neza mu gihe byari biri gukura ugereranije n’umwaka wabanje.
Ihindagurika ry’ikirere kandi nanone rituma ibiciro by’amakara n’inkwi bizamuka bitewe nuko iyo mvura ihozaho, gutwika amakara bigenda nabi kimwe n’iyo ibaye nyinshi cyane, imihanda y’icyaro iranyerera bityo amakamyo yajyaga kuzana amakara ntabone uko ayatwara neza ngo ayageze ku masoko.
Impamvu ya kabiri ishingiye ku bishoro biri hejuru, urugero rukaba urw’ikiguzi cy’abakozi, ibikoresho byo kubaka inzu, ikiguzi cy’umuriro, imbuto, ifumbire n’ibindi.
Mu minsi mike yakurikiye itangira ry’intambara hagati y’Uburusiya na Ukraine ikiguzi cy’abafundi cyarazamutse kugira ngo nabo babashe kugura ibiribwa byari byahenze icyo gihe ariko byanatumye abari bafite inzu bakodesha bazihenda kubera ko bashoraga byinshi mu kuzubaka.
Indi mpamvu abahanga bo muri BNR bavuga ko ijya ituma ibiciro bizamuka ni igihe ikusanyamakuru ryabereye kuko iyo ryabaye mu gihe umusaruro w’ubuhinzi utaraboneka, ibiciro by’ibiribwa usanga biri hejuru ariko iyo umusaruro wabonetse, imvura ikagwira igihe n’abahinzi bagahingira igihe, ibiva hanze nabyo bikaboneka bidahenze; ibiciro by’ibiribwa biramanuka.
Ibyorezo, urugero indwara y’uburenge n’ibindi byorezo bishobora kuza bitunguranye bikagira uruhare mu kuzamuka kw’ibiciro.
Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda yonyine muri politiki yayo y’ifaranga ntiyahagarika umuvuduko w’ibiciro ku bintu byose twavuze haruguru.
Niyo mpamvu habaho gufatanya n’izindi nzego, hakarebwa icyateye izamuka ry’ibiciro cyangwa igabanuka ryabyo kugira ngo ingamba zifatirwe hamwe bityo ari umuguzi cyangwa umucuruzi bose bahurire ku giciro kiboneye bose kubera ko igice cy’ibiribwa ari cyo gifite imbaraga mu gutuma umuvuduko rukomatanyo aribyo twise ‘ Headline Inflation’ uzamuka cyangwa umanuka.
Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda ifatanyije n’ibindi bigo bifite aho bihuriye n’ubuhinzi bahura inshuro nyinshi bakaganira ku ngamba zafatwa hakiri kare kugira ngo umuturarwanda abashe gukomeza kubona ubushobozi bwo kugura mu buryo burambye hirindwa ko umuvuduko w’ibiciro wakomeza kuzamuka cyangwa kumanuka birenze imbago za Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda arizo 2%(wamanutse cyane) na 8% ( wazamutse cyane).
