Nubwo ibikoresho byo gupima umusaruro w’ubuhinzi byagiye bivugururwa, uhereye ku minzani ya gakwege, iy’urushinge, iy’amabuye kugeza ku minzani igezweho ikoresha amashanyarazi, ingemeri ziracyakoreshwa mu bucuruzi bw’imyaka mu bice bitandukanye by’u Rwanda.
Izi ni ibikoresho bya pulasitiki bifukuye mbere byakoreshwaga mu kudaha amazi, kuyobora ibishyimbo, amashaza n’ibindi.
Kubera ko ingemeri zakozwe n’uruganda Mironko Plastic Industries zaje kwitwa ‘mironko’.
Aho indi minzani iziye, hari abazinenga ko zibibisha kuko usanga zitanganya ubunini kandi zikaba zitari mu bikoresho byemewe n’Ikigo cy’igihugu cy’ubuziranenge, Rwanda Standards Board binyuze mu ishami ryacyo rishinzwe ibipimo n’ingero.
Kuba abantu benshi bakizi kandi bakaba bazi uburyo gikoreshwa, biri mu bituma kigira umwanya ku masoko nubwo hari iminzani ipima umusaruro mu bilo nk’uko benshi mu bahinzi n’abacuruzi babihamirije Taarifa Rwanda.
Vestine Mukamana, umuhinzi w’imyaka 29 wo mu Murenge wa Tumba, mu Karere ka Huye, avuga ko injyemeri zigikoreshwa kuko ziboneka bitagoranye kandi abantu benshi bakaba bazi kuzipimisha.
Mu gasoko karema buri munsi aho twamusanze, yagize ati: “Nubwo hari ibikoresho bigezweho byo gupima imyaka, ingemeri iracyakoreshwa cyane kuko iboneka bitagoranye kandi abantu benshi bakaba bazi kuzikoresha. Icy’ingenzi ni ukuzikoresha neza kugira ngo umuguzi n’umugurisha bumva ntawibiye undi mu mibare.”
Kuri bamwe mu bahinzi, kuyikoresha bibafasha gukorana n’abaguzi mu buryo bumaze igihe bumenyerewe cyane cyane iyo abaranguza babasanze mu ngo zabo cyangwa ku isoko.
Ibi kandi Vestine abihurizaho na Eric Ndayisenga, usanzwe ari umucuruzi w’imyaka 41 ukorera mu isoko rito rya Cyarwa naho ni muri Huye.
Avuga ko abenshi mu bacuruzi bahitamo gukoresha ingemeri n’iminzani isanzwe kugira ngo bakoreshe igikoresho gihuye n’icyo umukiliya ashaka.
Ati: “Twe abacuruzi dusanzwe tugira ingemeri n’iminzani isanzwe kuko abakiliya bagira ibyo bahitamo. Hari abaza ku isoko, cyane cyane abakuze, bagasaba gupimirwa mu ngemeri kuko ari bwo buryo bamenyereye kuva kera. Bumva ko bubaha igipimo kiboneye, badahenzwe.”
Hari abashaka ko kubapimira inyanya, ibishyimbo cyangwa ibigori bikorwa hifashishijwe ingemeri.
Amahitamo y’umuguzi ku gikoresho runaka niyo atera umucuruzi kugikoresha atirewe areba niba cyemewe cyangwa kitemewe mu by’ibipimo n’ingero.
Ibikoresho byari ibyo kuriraho byahindutse ibipimo by’imyaka
Ngenzi Enock, w’imyaka 26, ucururiza ibikoresho byo mu rugo mu isantere y’ubucuruzi ya Tumba, avuga ko bimwe mu bikoresho abantu bakoresha bapima ubusanzwe byakorewe kurirwamo cyangwa kubikoresha banywa, buhira cyangwa bavoma amazi yo gukoresha.
Ati;“Njyewe nziko mu busanzwe ibi bikoresho byakozwe ngo abantu babirireho kimwe n’amasahane. Ariko uko iminsi yagiye ishira byaje kugera aho abantu babikoresha mu gupima imyaka. Hashize iminsi myinshi nta muntu uza kubigura ambwira ko agiye kubikoresha nk’isahane.”
Ibi bigaragaza uburyo igikoresho cyari gisanzwe gifite akandi kamaro gishobora gukoreshwa ibindi kitari cyaragenewe ku ikubitiro.
Hari ubwo ingemeri ihombya umuhinzi
Nubwo zorohereza ubucuruzi, ikibazo gishobora kuvuka iyo ingano yazo itangana.
Jean Bosco Habimana, umuhinzi w’imyaka 38 wo mu Mudugudu wa Kigarama, Akagari ka Cyarwa, avuga ko hari abacuruzi by’umwihariko- abarangurura imyaka mu murima ( babyita gutwika imyaka), bahindura ingano y’ingemeri zikaguka.
Habimana ati: “Nk’abahinzi, kimwe mu biduhangayikisha ni ingano y’ingemeri zimwe na zimwe abacuruzi bakoresha batugurira imyaka. Hari igihe umucuruzi ayifata akayishyira mu mazi ashyushye cyangwa akayiteka, bigatuma yaguka.”
Iyo imaze kuba nini, ishobora kujyamo hafi imyaka ipima hafi ibiro bibiri, nyamara umuhinzi agakomeza kwishyurwa nk’uwatanze ingemeri y’ikilo kimwe.
Ibi bishobora gutuma umuhinzi atanga umusaruro urenze uwo yatekerezaga ko agurishije, bikamugiraho ingaruka nyuma yo kumara amezi ahinga.
Ati: “Birababaza cyane iyo umaze amezi uhinga, ukaza gutakaza igice cy’umusaruro wawe kubera igipimo kidahwanye n’icyo wari umenyereye. Abahinzi bakeneye igipimo gisobanutse kandi kiboneye ku mpande zombi.”
Taarifa Rwanda yasanze hari ubwoko bw’ingemeri zikiri gukoreshwa na bamwe mu bacuruzi zishobora kujyamo imyaka ipima ibilo bibiri iyo zuzuye neza isendereye kandi umuhinzi akishyurirwa ikilo kimwe.
RSB ivuga ko gukoresha ingemeri bitemewe
Umuyobozi ushinzwe Ingero n’Ibipimo mu Kigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ubuziranenge (RSB), Emmanueline Irizerwa yabwiye Taarifa Rwanda ko gukoresha ingemeri mu bucuruzi binyuranyije n’amategeko.
Ati: “Gupimisha ingemeri ntibyemewe. None se ubundi ni igipimo bwoko ki? Amazi apimwa hakoreshejwe litiro, hakaba n’ibindi bipimo byemewe. Igipimo kitwa ingemeri kibarizwa hehe?”
Irizerwa avuga ko gukoresha injyemeri bishobora guteza igihombo ku baguzi, kuko zishobora kuba zitangana. Imwe ishobora kuba yaragutse cyangwa yarapanutse, mu gihe indi ikiri nshya, nyamara zombi zigakoreshwa nk’aho ari igipimo kimwe.
Yavuze ko hari itegeko rijyanye n’ingero n’ibipimo ryo mu 2019 rigena ibikurikizwa mu gukoresha ibipimo no ibihano bihabwa abatabyubahiriza.
Bamwe mu bantu bakuru batubwiye ko ingemeri izi bita mironko zatangiye kwamamara mu Rwanda mu myaka ya 1987.
Zikiza akamaro kazo kari ako kudaha amazi cyangwa ibindi bisukika, gusa abahinzi baje kubona ko zakoreshwa mu gupima ikilo bitangira bityo.
Kuba abashinzwe kurengera abaguzi no gukurikiza ibipimo n’ingero badakurikirana ibibazo ingemeri zitera abahinzi ni ibyo kwibazwaho.
Mu gihe igihugu gishaka ko nta bikoresho ibyo ari byo byose bikoreshwa mu nyungu bwite ariko byangiriza rubanda, ni ngombwa ko no gukoresha izo pulasitiki bihagurukirwa kuko ahanini bihombya abaturage b’amikoro make.
Mu Rwanda, amategeko n’amabwiriza agenga ibipimo n’ingero ashingiye ku Itegeko Nº 070/2019 ryo ku wa 10/01/2020 rigenga ingero n’ibipimo mu Rwanda.
Iri tegeko rishyirwa mu bikorwa ku bufatanye n’Ikigo cy’u Rwanda gitsura Ubuziranenge (Rwanda Standards Board – RSB).
Ingingo z’ingenzi zikubiye mu mategeko n’amabwiriza y’ibipimo n’ingero:
Ibipimo Fatizo by’Ibanze (Base Units)mu Rwanda ni nabyo bigenderwaho hashingiwe ku biteganywa n’Umuryango mpuzamahanga w’ibipimo (Système International d’Unités – SI).
Nko mu buhinzi n’ubworozi, Minisiteri y’Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi (MINAGRI) ishingiye kuri iri tegeko ishyiraho amabwiriza yihariye nko gukoresha iminzani yanyuze mu igereranyabipimo (Calibration) igihe cy’igurisha ry’amatungo cyangwa umusaruro.
Itegeko riteganya ibihano byo mu rwego rw’ubutegetsi n’ibyaha (ihazabu cyangwa gufungwa) ku muntu wese ukoresha igikoresho gipima kitapimwe cyangwa kitujuje ubuziranenge.
Undi uhanwa ni uhimbahimba cyangwa uhindura ibipimo akagabanya ingano y’ibyo agurisha ariko akerekana ko byuzuye.
Undi bireba kandi ni ucuruza ibicuruzwa bipfunyitse bifite ingano iri munsi y’iyanditse ku gipfunyika.
Jimmy GATETE
TAARIFA.RW
