Minisiteri y’Imari n’Igenamigambi yatangaje ko u Rwanda rwasinye amasezerano y’inguzanyo y’ubucuruzi agizwe n’ibice bibiri, afite agaciro ka miliyoni 82 z’amayero (EUR) na miliyari 15 z’amayeni y’u Buyapani (JPY).
Mbere yo gufata inguzanyo mu mafaranga yo mu Buyapani, u Rwanda rusanzwe ruyifata mu madolari($), ama Euro, amafaranga y’Ubushinwa n’amapawundi.
Inguzanyo ivugwa aha izishyurwa mu gihe cy’imyaka 15, ikaba ifite igihe cy’imyaka isonewe mbere yo gutangira kwishyura umwenda w’ibanze.
Igice cy’iyi nguzanyo gitanzwe mu yeni ni ubwa mbere u Rwanda rubonye inguzanyo nk’iyi yagenwe mu mafaranga y’u Buyapani.
Iri faranga rimwe rya Yen rivunja hafi amafaranga 10 y’u Rwanda.
Minisiteri y’Imari ivuga ko ibi bizafasha u Rwanda kubona uburyo bwo gukoresha neza Inguzanyo no kuyishyura mu buryo bworoshye kuko burambye.
Binagaragaza kandi ko rwiteguye kurushaho gukorana n’abashoramari n’isoko ry’imari rishingiye kuri yeni, cyane cyane muri Aziya.
Iyi gahunda iri mu murongo mugari w’u Rwanda wo gucunga neza umwenda wa Leta, aho rukoresha ingwate zitangwa n’ibigo mpuzamahanga kugira ngo rubashe kubona amafaranga ku masoko mpuzamahanga ku nyungu ziri hasi kandi zihangana n’izihabwa ahandi.
Intego ni ukugabanya ikiguzi cy’umwenda, gutuma uburyo bwo kuwishyura burushaho koroha.
Minisiteri y’imari n’igenamigambi yemeza ko u Rwanda rufite uburyo bwo gushaka inkunga n’inguzanyo mu buryo bwunganirana kandi butaremerera igihugu.
Itangazo iyo Minisiteri yashyize kuri X, ivuga ko iyi nguzanyo nshya igaragaza ko u Rwanda rwubatse uburyo bwitwa ‘blended finance’ aho inguzanyo z’ubucuruzi zishyigikirwa n’ingwate cyangwa inkunga z’ibigo mpuzamahanga.
Mu ntangiriro z’uyu mwaka(2026), u Rwanda rwinjiye mu masezerano y’inguzanyo ya miliyoni 213 z’amayero ashingiye kubyo bita ingwate ishingiye kuri gahunda za politiki igihugu cyihayw ibyo bita Policy-Based Guarantee – PBG.
Muwa 2024, u Rwanda kandi rwakoze amasezerano ya mbere y’uburyo bwo kuvanga uburyo bwo kubona imari, aho rwabonye inguzanyo ya miliyoni 200 z’amayero ijyanye n’imishinga yubahiriza amahame y’ibidukikije, imibereho myiza n’imiyoborere (ESG), ikaba yari ishyigikiwe n’ingwate y’igice cy’umwenda yatanzwe n’Ikigega Nyafurika gishinzwe Iterambere (ADF).
Iyi nguzanyo nshya ya EUR/JPY ishyigikiwe n’Itsinda rya Banki y’Isi, ikaba ikomeje uwo murongo wo gukorana n’ibigo mpuzamahanga bitandukanye bitanga ingwate ku nguzanyo.
Kimwe n’uko byagenze ku nguzanyo ya mbere ishingiye kuri PBG, ubu buryo bw’ingwate bwashyizweho binyuze kuri World Bank Group Guarantee Platform, ikorera muri Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA).
Ubu buryo bukomatanya ingwate itangwa n’ihuriro bita International Development Association (IDA) ikora nk’ubwishingizi bwa mbere mu gihe habaye igihombo, ndetse na politiki ya MIGA irengera abatanga inguzanyo mu gihe igihugu kitubahirije inshingano zacyo zo kwishyura.
Aya masezerano yashyizweho umukono mu gihe ubu isoko ry’imari mpuzamahanga rikomeje guhura n’ihungabana, ahanini rishingiye ku makimbirane ya geopolitiki n’imvururu ku isoko ry’imari mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere.
Minisiteri y’Imari ivuga ko kuba u Rwanda rwarashoboye kubona aya mafaranga ku buryo bwiza muri ibi bihe bigaragaza ko abashoramari bakomeje kugira icyizere ubushobozi bw’u Rwanda bwo kwishyura imyenda ndetse n’imicungire y’imari ya Leta.
Uburyo bwo kwishyura iyi nguzanyo na bwo bwateguwe mu buryo bugamije kurengera ubushobozi bw’igihugu bwo kwishyura.
Igihe cy’imyaka itandatu yo gutegereza mbere yo gutangira kwishyura umwenda w’ibanze, cyashyizweho kugira ngo u Rwanda rutazatangira kwishyura iyi nguzanyo mbere y’uko igihe cyo kwishyura impapuro mpeshwamwenda ‘Eurobonds’ rufite kirangira.
Ibi bigamije kwirinda ko imyenda myinshi yegerana ikazaremerera igihugu.
Nanone, kuba inguzanyo izamara imyaka 15 bituma amafaranga u Rwanda ruzajya rwishyura umwenda mu gihe gishyize mu gaciro.
Minisiteri y’Imari ivuga ko, hamwe n’igiciro cy’iyi nguzanyo cyashyizwe ku rwego rushimishije, ubu buryo bugaragaza ko u Rwanda rukomeje gukomeza ubudahangarwa bw’imari ya Leta.
Amafaranga azava muri iyi nguzanyo azakoreshwa mu mirimo rusange y’ingengo y’imari ya Leta, bijyanye na gahunda ya Banki y’Isi yo gushyigikira u Rwanda mu gushyiraho imirimo itanga umusaruro kandi irambye.
Iyi gahunda izafasha gushyigikira politiki n’ishoramari mu nzego zirimo ibikorwa remezo, ubuzima n’imirire, uburezi, ubuhinzi, kurengera imibereho myiza y’abaturage ndetse no guteza imbere inganda.
Aya masezerano mashya aje nyuma y’ibimenyetso by’uko imikorere y’imari y’u Rwanda ikomeje gutera imbere.
Ku wa 19 Nzeri(9) 2025, ikigo Moody’s cyahinduye uko cyabonaga icyerekezo cy’inguzanyo y’u Rwanda, kiva kuri ‘Negative’ kijya kuri ‘Stable’.
Ku wa 13 Werurwe(3) 2026, ikigo Fitch na cyo cyakoze impinduka nk’izo, ibintu byombi bikaba byarashingiye ku kuba ibipimo by’imari ya Leta byaragiye birushaho kuba byiza ndetse n’amavugurura y’imiterere y’ubukungu akomeje gushyirwa mu bikorwa.
Minisitiri Murangwa Yusuf uyobora iyo Minisiteri ati:“Turimo gushaka ahantu henshi dukura inguzanyo”
Minisitiri Yusuf Murangwa yavuze ko iyi ari indi ntambwe igaragaza ubushake bw’u Rwanda bwo gukoresha uburyo bushya kandi bugezweho mu gushaka amafaranga.
Yagize ati: “Iyi PBG+ ya kabiri igaragaza ubushake budacogora bw’u Rwanda bwo gukoresha uburyo bushya kandi bujyanye n’imikorere myiza mu gushaka inkunga n’inguzanyo, mu gihe dukomeza gutandukanya aho dukura inguzanyo kandi tugakomeza gucunga umwenda mu buryo bwitondewe.”
Avuga ko igice cy’inguzanyo kiri mu yeni y’u Buyapani ari intangiriro yo kwinjira mu rindi soko rishya ry’imari, u Rwanda rukaba ruteganya kurushaho kuribyaza umusaruro mu gihe kiri imbere.
Minisitiri Murangwa yavuze kandi ko uburyo bwo gukoresha inguzanyo zivanze n’inkunga cyangwa ingwate z’ibigo mpuzamahanga, binyuze mu bufatanye bugenda bwaguka hagati y’u Rwanda na Banki y’Isi, bukomeje kuba imwe mu nkingi z’ingenzi z’ingamba z’igihugu mu gushaka imari.
Yavuze ko ubu buryo bufasha u Rwanda kugira gahunda ihamye yo kwishyura imyenda no kurinda ko umwenda wa Leta utagera ku rwego rushobora guhungabanya ubukungu.
Minisitiri Murangwa yashimiye kandi amabanki nka Société Générale na Standard Chartered Bank kubera icyizere n’ubufatanye byagaragaje muri iyi gahunda, ndetse ashimira ibigo Alvarez & Marsal na White & Case ku nama n’ubujyanama batanze ngo ibyo bikunde.
